Hypothesis Testing Flashcards, test questions and answers

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What is Hypothesis Testing?

A hypothesis is a statement or an assumption made about a certain phenomenon or population. Hypothesis testing is the process of using statistical analysis to determine if the hypothesis is true, false, or inconclusive. Hypothesis testing can be used to help make decisions about how to proceed in business, research, and other areas. The first step in hypothesis testing is to state the null and alternative hypotheses. The null hypothesis is usually stated as there is no relationship between two variables or the two variables are independent of each other. The alternative hypothesis states that there is some relationship or dependency between the two variables being studied. Once the hypotheses have been stated, then data must be collected and analyzed in order to test the hypotheses. Depending on what kind of data was collected (quantitative or qualitative), different tests may need to be performed such as t-tests, chi-square tests, and ANOVA tests. These tests will assess whether there are statistically significant differences between the groups being studied that would indicate that one group had higher/lower scores than another group based on certain factors (e.g., age). Finally, after all of the data has been analyzed and tested for its accuracy and validity it can be used to draw conclusions regarding the original hypotheses which were proposed at the beginning of this process. If there are statistically significant differences between groups then we can conclude that our alternative hypothesis was correct; however if there were no statistically significant differences then we can conclude our null hypothesis was correct since there was no effect found from our study variables on our dependent variable(s).