Gynecology Flashcards, test questions and answers
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What is Gynecology?
Gynecology is a specialized field of medicine that deals with the female reproductive system and diseases associated with it. It is concerned with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disorders affecting women’s reproductive health. Gynecology covers a wide range of topics which include fertility, contraception, menopause, menstrual cycle regulation and disorders, cancer screening for ovarian or uterine cancer, sexually transmitted infections (STIs), pelvic floor disorders such as prolapse and incontinence, vulvovaginal health including vaginitis and vaginal dryness. A gynecologist is a doctor who specializes in this field of medicine. The history of gynecology dates back to ancient Greece when Hippocrates studied female anatomy and physiology in an effort to better understand the causes of infertility. Since then much progress has been made in understanding the complexities of female reproductive health. In the 19th century several scientific advances related to gynecology were made such as development of improved instruments for examination, identification of new diseases such as gonorrhea and syphilis as well as improved treatments for them. Today gynecologists are trained on all aspects related to women’s healthcare from puberty through post-menopausal stages including care throughout pregnancy and childbirth. They are able to provide comprehensive medical advice on all matters related to contraception, fertility issues sexual health problems and menstrual irregularities among other things. Gynecologists are also responsible for carrying out regular screenings for cervical cancer using Pap smears which can detect precancerous changes in cells before they become cancerous.