Argumentative Essay Flashcards, test questions and answers

An effective argumentative essay must contain a claim that is supported by A. evidence. B. feelings. C. ideas. D. opinions

Which questions should a writer ask when revising an argumentative essay to make sure it is in a formal style? Check all that apply. 1. Are my ideas logically connected? 2. Are my arguments well organized? 3. Do I avoid a casual style and tone? 4. Where can I insert some contractions? 5. Which wording should be more colorful?

Read the claim. Citizens of the United States should be required by law to vote in every election. Which is the most likely counterclaim that the opposition will use? A. The passing of a new law is an interesting and complex process to witness. B. Making people vote will result in uneducated voters who vote randomly. C. Voting makes citizens more engaged in the political events that affect them. D. Citizenship is a privilege that people should respect by doing their civic duty.

One reason a strong argumentative essay includes a counterclaim is that A. having the opportunity to show supporting evidence is important. B. listing the writer's opinions helps persuade the reader of the claim. C. expressing admiration for the opposition's claim is considered polite. D. considering the opposing view makes the writer's argument stronger.

Read the passage. (1) Universal health care should be adopted by every country around the world. (2) Over 100 million people become poor every year because of healthcare bills. (3) Imagine how it feels to be afraid to go to the doctor for fear of plunging into debt. (4) That is a really terrible thing, and governments need to act. (5) The World Health Organization (WHO) says that universal health care is achievable, even in poor countries. (6) The WHO recommends spreading the costs of health care across the population, so no one is overly burdened. (7) If a responsible organization like the WHO says it is possible, then worldwide governments should implement universal healthcare immediately. Is sentence 6 effective in developing the claim? A. No, it presents the rebuttal. B. No, it contributes an anecdote. C. Yes, it uses supporting evidence. D. Yes, it provides the counterclaim.

When writers use______________ in a claim, they use language that persuades the reader.

The purpose of a(n)___________________ is to allow the writer to express a viewpoint that opposes a stated opinion on a topic.

Read the passage. (1) Over 100 million people become poor every year because of healthcare bills. (2) Imagine how it feels to be afraid to go to the doctor for fear of plunging into debt. (3) Governments should act to prevent this unfair situation from continuing. (4) A policy of universal health care should be adopted by every country around the world. (5) The World Health Organization (WHO) says that universal health care is achievable, even in poor countries. (6) The WHO recommends spreading the costs of health care across the population, so no one is overly burdened. (7) If a responsible organization like the WHO says it is possible, then worldwide governments should implement universal healthcare immediately. Which sentence develops the claim by making an emotional rhetorical appeal? A. sentence 2 B. sentence 4 C. sentence 5 D. sentence 7

Read the passage. (1) Universal health care should be adopted by every country around the world. (2) Over 100 million people become poor every year because of healthcare bills. (3) Imagine how it feels to be afraid to go to the doctor for fear of plunging into debt. (4) That is a really terrible thing, and governments need to act. (5) The World Health Organization (WHO) says that universal health care is achievable, even in poor countries. (6) The WHO recommends spreading the costs of health care across the population, so no one is overly burdened. (7) If a responsible organization like the WHO says it is possible, then worldwide governments should implement universal healthcare immediately. Which revision is the best way to strengthen the argument? A. A sentence stating the claim should be added before sentence 1. B. Sentence 2 should be deleted because it does not clearly support the claim. C. Sentence 4 should be revised to incorporate strong supporting evidence. D. A sentence that includes a strong rebuttal should be added after sentence 7.

Read the passage. (1) I think that schools should switch from using paper textbooks to using computer tablets. (2) Textbooks were effective in the pre-digital age, but now we live in a technology-based society, so schools need to get with the program and adopt a modern approach to learning. (3) In fact, the chair of the Federal Communications Commission said that "it's time for the next stage" of learning with tablets and pointed out how textbooks are often out of date. (4) Opponents argue that tablets aren't a good choice because initially they're very expensive. (5) The secretary of education pointed out that tablets can be updated regularly, which saves money in the long run. (6) Not to mention the pluses of having the latest and greatest info! (7) Many experts agree that switching to tablets is important for the future of education. To improve the logic and flow of the essay, the writer should revise sentence 5 by A. replacing the word "money" with the word "dough." B. deleting the sentence to clarify the overall argument. C. inserting the phrase "are awesomely fast" after "tablets" to add personality. D. adding the transition "however" at the beginning to connect the ideas better.

Inviting introduction

Background information

Thesis

Claim

Evidence

Reason

Refutation

Purposeful Conclusion

Argument

Claim

Citation

Evidence

MLA Format

Paraphrase

Sensory Details

Source

Summarize/Summary

Thesis

Topic

OREO paragraph format/structure

ACES paragraph format/structure

"O" stands for

"R" stands for

(OREO) "E" stands for

second "O"

"A" stands for

"C"stands for

ACES "E" stands for

"S" stands for

Before writing an argumentative essay, authors should organize their ideas by creating

Which best describes the thesis statement of an argumentative essay?

When writing an argumentative essay, what is the most important reason authors conduct research?

In an argumentative essay, reasons should be supported by

When revising an argumentative essay, authors must ensure that they have

The thesis statement of an argumentative essay should

Which citation is in correct MLA format?

The introduction to an argumentative essay begins with

Before writing an argumentative essay, authors should organize their ideas by creating

When revising an argumentative essay, authors must ensure that they have

Look at the scenario. In his essay about the atomic bombing of Japan during World War II, a student has used statistics he found in an article in the online archives of the Irish Times. The article is from May 5, 1997, and is called "Cancer Finding in Hiroshima." There is no author given. How should the student cite this source using MLA citation format?

Read the sentence. As Carl Becker [1] pointed out during the rise of European fascism after World War I [2], for democracy to prosper, it needs "a certain measure of economic security" [3]. [4] In which position should a citation be inserted?

Read the introduction to an argumentative essay. I'm going to tell you what I think about how Japanese Americans were put in camps in World War II. It was done for the wrong reasons, and it hurt a lot of people for a long time. Which best describes the voice in these statements?

When writing an argumentative essay, what is the most important reason authors conduct research?

When authors revise the voice in a draft, they focus on

When writing an argumentative essay, what is the most important reason authors conduct research?

Which sentence would be the best thesis statement for an argumentative essay supporting American use of the atomic bomb?

When revising an argumentative essay, authors must ensure that they have

When authors revise the voice in a draft, they focus on

Read the sentence. (As Carl Becker [1] pointed out during) In which position should a citation be inserted?

Which citation is correct MLA format?

Read a paragraph from an essay supporting Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb against Japan during World War II. ([1] Many people have argued that nothing could justify the) Which sentence states a counterclaim?

The thesis statement of an argumentative essay should

The introduction to an argumentative essay begins with

Which best describes the thesis statement of an argumentative essay?

The purpose of a(n) _________ is to allow the writer to express a viewpoint that opposes a stated opinion on a topic.

The purpose of adding transitional phrases during the revision phase of writing is mainly to

Which is the best rebuttal to address the counterclaim? CLAIM: "Animal testing is unnecessary in this century and should be banned." COUNTERCLAIM: "Animal testing has led to important medical breakthroughs."

An effective argumentative essay must contain a claim that is supported by

To improve the logic and flow of the essay, the writer should revise sentence 5 by

One reason a strong argumentative essay includes a counterclaim is that

Is sentence 6 effective in developing the claim?

When writers use ________ in a claim, they use language that persuades the reader.

Which is the best claim for an argumentative essay that supports the sale of unlabeled genetically modified food?

Structure for an argumentative essay

To establish a strong claim

Types of evidence

Which factor helps you determine how to structure your argumentative essay?

Where does a rebuttal appear in both types of argumentative essay structures?

Which statements would most logically follow this claim in an introductory paragraph? Check all that apply. Claim: It is ethical to promote sugary drinks and energy bars as food that will improve athletic performance.

Which sentence contains ineffective evidence and should be eliminated from this paragraph? (3) However, no reasonable person thinks he or she can run or jump like an athlete just by eating an energy bar. (4) In fact, in one study, only 21% of respondents thought that advertisements were truthful. (5) Furthermore, one expert says that energy bars "can be a helpful part of your diet."

Which statement is the strongest rebuttal to the counterclaim? Counterclaim: The high sugar content of energy foods overrides any benefits of their healthy ingredients.

Which is the most likely counterclaim that the opposition will use? CLAIM "Citizens of the United States should be required by law to vote in every election."

Which statement correctly analyzes the rebuttal? REBUTTAL "People who play golf do some walking, but the US Supreme Court said that walking is not essential to playing golf."

What is the most effective way to address the counterclaim? COUNTERCLAIM "According to a study by the American Enterprise Institute, raising the minimum wage will result in employers cutting their employees' hours and cutting some jobs altogether."

In an argumentative essay, where should the writer present the counterclaim?

Which revision is the best way to strengthen the argument? (1) Universal health care should be adopted by every country around the world. (2) Over 100 million people become poor every year because of healthcare bills. (3) Imagine how it feels to be afraid to go to the doctor for fear of plunging into debt. (4) That is a really terrible thing, and governments need to act. (5) The World Health Organization (WHO) says that universal health care is achievable, even in poor countries. (6) The WHO recommends spreading the costs of health care across the population, so no one is overly burdened. (7) If a responsible organization like the WHO says it is possible, then worldwide governments should implement universal healthcare immediately.

Which questions should a writer ask when revising an argumentative essay to make sure it is in a formal style? Check all that apply.

Which phrase in sentence 2 should be revised to maintain a formal style? (2) Textbooks were effective in the pre-digital age, but now we live in a technology-based society, so schools need to get with the program and adopt a modern approach to learning.

A statement that seems to be contradictory but proves to be true in some sense is a(n)

How can the writer revise the rebuttal to make it stronger? On the contrary, being forced to focus on testing stresses students and limits the amount of knowledge they can gain.

Sentence 2 develops the claim by (2) Over 100 million people become poor every year because of healthcare bills.

What is the best revision of sentence 6 to maintain a formal style? (6) Not to mention the pluses of having the latest and greatest info!

To critique society is to examine it in order to

Which steps should a writer take to establish a strong claim? Check all that apply.

Mary Kay Ash wanted to write a book about women in business. Instead, what transpired was a business plan for Mary Kay, Inc., a cosmetics company. In a free enterprise system, people like Mary Kay Ash have the opportunity to make their own economic decisions and create their own influential businesses.

While revising an argumentative essay, a writer should

A free enterprise system provides individuals the opportunity to make their own economic decisions without restrictions from the government. It allows the supply and demand of consumers to determine the success or failure of an economic endeavor. It also requires entrepreneurs to rise or fall on their own without government support. Do you believe this type of economic system is more or less helpful, and why? Write an argumentative essay that explains your position.

During the revision phase for an argumentative essay, a writer should

The flow chart shows some of the steps to writing an argumentative essay. which writing process phase does this show?

Which statement could be added to the outline as supporting evidence for the claim?

Which statement is an example of an effective claim for an argumentative essay?

The ___ of an argumentative essay must include a statement that describes what the essay will discuss.

Which question can most help a writer revise an argumentative essay?

The underlined sentence in the outline is the

Which question can help a writer analyze a prompt and develop a claim for an argumentative essay?

What is the last step in creating an argumentative essay?

The underlined sentence in the outline is the

Which describes the purpose of body paragraphs in an argumentative essay? Check all that apply.

What are reputable sources for an argumentative essay about the free enterprise system? Check all that apply.

Which statement best describes the conclusion of an argumentative essay?

The introduction of an argumentative essay must include

What is the last step to creating an argumentative essay?

To create the proper tone for an argumentative essay, writers should

Which statement is an example of an effective claim for an argumentative essay?

To create the proper style for an argumentative essay, writers should

Read this introduction to an argumentative essay about government. An effective system of government protects its citizens. The purpose of government is to ensure the safety of the nation and its residents. While other concerns such as economic growth are important, a government's primary duty is to keep its people safe. Without the concern of defense or self-protection, individuals are able to live in security. Which sentence states the main argument of the essay?

Read this outline for an argumentative essay about government. 1. People have different ideas about the role of government. A. The primary purpose of government is to protect its citizens. 2. Government should protect citizens from foreign and domestic threats. A. The country faces threats from other nations, terrorists, and criminals. B. The military can provide a strong defense at home and abroad. C. The police and other government agencies keep citizens safe locally. D. Some people believe social services are more important than defense, but citizens cannot survive without protection and security. 3. Government's main role is to provide protection via the military and other agencies. The underlined sentence in the outline is the

How does a counterclaim help support a position in an argumentative essay?

An effective claim for an argumentative essay is

Which statement best describes the conclusion of an argumentative essay?

Read this excerpt from the body paragraph of an argumentative essay. Jefferson offers the best description of the purpose of government. It exists to aid in the well-being of both the nation and its citizens. Why is this excerpt an example of a strong argument?

Read this outline for an argumentative essay about government. 1. People have different ideas about the role of government. A. The primary purpose of government is to provide social services. 2. Government should provide services for people who are poor or elderly. A. Government can effectively provide the services that poor and elderly people need. B. Food stamps keep people from going hungry. C. Medicare and Medicaid provide health care. D. Some people believe social services are an entitlement and not a right, but many people could not survive without them. 3. Government's main role is provide to social services, such as food stamps. The underlined sentence in the outline is the

Read the introduction to a student's essay about space exploration. (1) Space: the final frontier! (2) Many people see space as a true frontier. (3) They are excited by both the exploration of space and the potential of space. (4) Not everyone agrees with this. (5) Some people think that the money would be better spent solving Earth's problems. (6) However, the truth is that the money spent on space exploration is critical to solving our problems on Earth. Which of the following is the thesis statement?

Read the paragraph. Some districts and states are embracing online learning as a so-called "disruptive innovation," in which difficult circumstances force organizations to use tactics that go against traditional approaches or transform them. In the Detroit area, for instance, a local district with a high dropout rate and declining enrollment opened a cyber high school, which is aimed at helping lure dropouts and at-risk students into the district to get them back on track to graduate. The new virtual program has helped draw in new students, increasing enrollment and state funding. Which statement is supported by the paragraph and reinforces an argument for online learning?

The only way to avoid plagiarism in an argumentative essay is to

Read the sentence from an argumentative essay on employment in the United States. Even today, many foreigners continue to emigrate to the United States in hopes of finding new job opportunities. Which edit corrects the error in the sentence?

Read the paragraph. Students attending schools with mandatory uniform policies experience less pressure than do students who must choose their wardrobes. This is because school uniforms allow students and their parents to save money and time. The financial investment in uniforms at the beginning of the school year is far more economical than the purchase of an entire wardrobe of designer clothes and trendy styles. Students who do not have to deliberate what to wear each morning are able to invest their time in more productive ways, such as studying for tests or finishing homework. Uniforms may stifle students' self-expression, but there are many other ways for them to reveal their individuality at school. Which fact best supports the author's position?

Read the sentence taken from an argumentative essay on space exploration. Space exploration would cost a ton of money, but I would probably learn a lot of new things, so it's probably worth it. Which of the following is the best revision of this sentence?

Read the introduction paragraph to a student's essay about online learning. (1) The benefits and drawbacks to online learning have been heavily debated. (2) Most people agree that in school settings, instruction should be tailored to meet students' goals at their desired pace of learning. (3) One option for achieving this ideal is online learning systems, which generally include diagnostic assessments and individualized feedback. (4) Once students demonstrate mastery of a certain topic or skill, they can move on to a new area. (5) This is a more efficient way to teach and learn, although it requires changing the way schools think about academics. (6) While interventions such as online learning require a fundamental rethinking of our educational system, they promise opportunities to help students more fully reach their potentials. Which of the following sentences contains thesis statement of the paragraph?

Read this excerpt from an argumentative essay. Students participating in school athletics should be required to maintain a 2.0 in all academic courses. Most of Douglas High's varsity athletes prioritize their schoolwork; but, there are a few who ignore their responsibilities. Which transition word would best replace the underlined word?

Read this excerpt from an argumentative essay. Community service must be added to the graduation requirements for our high school students. This will instill our youth a sense of duty that in-class lectures fail to convey. Students will be required to serve; and, they will recognize the needs of our county. Which transition word would best replace the underlined word?

Read the following paragraph. Students attending schools with mandatory uniform policies experience less pressure than do students who must choose their wardrobes. This is because school uniforms allow students and their parents to save money and time. The financial investment in uniforms at the beginning of the school year is far more economical than the purchase of an entire wardrobe of designer clothes and trendy styles. Students who do not have to deliberate what to wear each morning are able to invest their time in more productive ways, such as studying for tests or finishing homework. Uniforms may stifle students' self-expression, but there are many other ways to reveal one's individuality at school. Which of the following statements best supports the author's claim?

Which statement best describes the introduction of an argumentative essay?

Read this outline for an argumentative essay about the free enterprise system. The underlined sentence in the outline is the

Read the excerpt from the body paragraph of an argumentative essay about entrepreneurs and free enterprise. Why is this excerpt an example of a strong argument?

Read this prompt for an argumentative essay. What will be the topic of the essay?

Read this excerpt from an argumentative essay. The excerpt has an effective style and tone because it is

The flow chart shows some of the steps to writing an argumentative essay. Which writing process does this flow chart show?

Which describes the purpose of body paragraphs in an argumentative essay? Check all that apply.

Read this outline for an argumentative essay about the free enterprise system. Which statement could be added to the outline as supporting evidence for the claim?

Read the excerpt from the body paragraph of an argumentative essay about entrepreneurs and free enterprise. Why is this excerpt an example of a strong argument?

During the revision phase for an argumentative essay, a writer should

Which statement best describes the introduction of an argumentative essay?

A(n) ... essay expresses and defends an opinion or position.

Which question can most help a writer revise an argumentative essay?

Which question can help a writer analyze a prompt and develop a claim for an argumentative essay?

Read this prompt for an argumentative essay. What will be the topic of the essay?

What we write and speak in our everyday intercourse.

Pertaining to sound from speech.

Imaginary narrative; the information or events are created by the author.

Writing that delivers factual events and observations.

Literary form that ridicules human vices or shortcomings.

A board literary method not tied to one specific form or genre, such as irony or satire.

Fact or reality that transcends genres.

An extended fictional narrative written in prose that includes characters, plot, and setting.

From the French "novel with a key." A narrative that depicts historical figures and events in the form of fiction.

Longer prose narrative, originally associated with the legendary, imaginative, and poetic.

Delivering subject from third-person objective point of view with no added interpretation or elaboration.

An artistic and literary movement originating in the second half of the 18th century in Europe, emphasizing emotions, idealism, adventure, and chivalry.

Subjective or personal literary style that relies on associations; style adapted to writing from 19th century school of painters, including Monet and Renoir.

Subjective depiction of the real world through imagination, the abstract, and symbols.

Literary movement that depicts life as accurately as possible, illustrating transformation in society through environment and hereditary.

A style of prose and poetry from the 17th and 18th centuries, reviving a classical style from Greek and Roman cultures.

The story, the narrative, the plot and subplots.

First stage in plot in which the author establishes the situation and shares background information.

The author's explanation of background information about characters and setting at the beginning of the plot; writing with a primary purpose of informing, clarifying, or explaining.

Element introduced into the plot to alter its course.

Introduction of conflict into the plot, bringing tension that continues throughout the storyline.

Turning point in a story; the point where the main character experiences a change, and the action stops building and begins falling.

Moment following the climax where the conflict between the protagonist and the antagonist is resolved.

The conclusion of a story; includes the events between the falling action and the last scene of a narrative or drama.

Final division of a discourse or literary work that brings the work to a close; fifth part of plot structure.

The characters in the story.

Do not change in significant ways.

Personally changes over the course of a narrative or who has the ability for such change.

Struggles TOWARD of for someone or something.

Struggles AGAINST someone or something.

Exist because the plot demands it.

Popularly held belief about a specific group or type of individuals.

Character(s) who highlight through contrast opposite characteristics in another character.

A narrative that is an extended metaphor; the elements of the narrative carry significance on a literal and a figurative level.

Statement summarizing the message or big idea of a story.

Phrase stating subject or theme of a work or speech.

An object, concept, or structure repeated in a literary work, literary work, thereby giving it symbolic significance in the story.

The setting of the story.

The time of the story.

Author's style incorporating choices in diction, syntax, POV, description, narration, and dialogue.

The perspective or vantage point from which the author chooses to tell the story.

Latin root, it looks at ideas; explores ideas rather than explains them.

To present a point and provide evidence, which may be factual or anecdotal (not reliable), and to support it.

May recount an incident or a series of incidents and is almost always autobiographical in order to make a point.

Explains and clarifies ideas.

The speaker. In non-fiction, the author; in fiction, the narrator; may also refer to the style chosen by the writer, such as formal or informal.

Individual who tells or speaks the story.

Writer's attitude toward a subject.

How an author writes; incorporates diction, syntax, use of narration and dialogue, choice of point of view, an description.

Organization of a literary work.

Idea the essayist is conveying.

Discrepancy between what is said or done and what is meant.

A work that mocks an original work; character, or style through humorous imitation.

Doing or saying the opposite or unexpected; used in irony.

Exaggeration or overstatement.

Expression of an idea with less force or strength than expected for the sake of humor.

Harsh or biting verbal irony.

Intellectual humor; in poetry, this works through word play to emphasize concepts.

Writing that attacks a person or idea through emotional language.