Analytical Essay Flashcards, test questions and answers

Read the sentence. The advertisement is good because it shows a picture of a car accident to warn against the dangers of speeding. Which is the most accurate and precise replacement for the underlined word? A. refreshing B. entertaining C. acceptable D. compelling

Niko is analyzing a cereal advertisement that suggests a rival cereal brand uses artificial ingredients and an excess amount of sugar. What persuasive technique is being used? A. name-calling B. plain folks C. nostalgia D. glittering generalities

Which persuasive technique is used in this poster? A. glittering generalities B. simple solution C. positive association D. name-calling

Spreading information with the purpose of supporting a cause is best described as

  What technique does this advertisement use to achieve its purpose? A. It presents the positive association that everyone who purchases the radio will have years of happiness. B. It indicates that celebrities who own the radio have achieved years of happiness—and the viewer can have the same. C. It uses the bandwagon technique by expressing to the viewer that others who own the radio have achieved years of happiness. D. It reminds them of the past by highlighting the ways in which the radio gives people years of happiness.

  What technique does the advertisement use to achieve its purpose? A. It encourages people to join the rest of society in buying a new car. B. It presents a type of car as a new and exciting purchase. C. It makes positive generalizations about people who buy cars. D. It shows a car that will appeal to viewers' sense of nostalgia.

Jamie is analyzing an advertisement that suggests people will impress their friends by wearing a certain brand of clothing. What persuasive technique is being used? A. simple solution B. nostalgia C. positive association D. beautiful people

  How does this advertisement achieve its purpose? A. by indicating that everyone except the viewer is enjoying riding on a new type of train B. by contrasting the image of a sleek, modern train with old-fashioned forms of transportation C. by evoking a sense of nostalgia with drawings of old-fashioned forms of transportation D. by highlighting the idea that some forms of transportation are too modern for the average viewer

To evaluate a piece of media means to A. express the main idea in a clear and specific way. B. disseminate the contents to a wide audience. C. judge the purpose and message in a thoughtful way. D. communicate the information to a group of people.

Read the sentence. The poster includes bright, pretty colors to catch the viewer's attention and evoke a sense of joy. Which is the most accurate and precise replacement for the underlined word? A. vibrant B. jarring C. understated D. nice

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address and the poster below it. As spokesmen for the United States Government, you and I take off our hats to those responsible for our American production—to the owners, managers, and supervisors, to the draftsmen and the engineers, and to the workers—men and women—in factories and arsenals and shipyards and mines and mills and forests—and railroads and on highways. http://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-20-image1.png The speech connects factory work to the war by thanking workers in various American industries, whereas the poster relies heavily on

Look at the poster. http://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-15-image1.png The contrast of the white print on the red background is most designed to

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address. We take off our hats to the farmers who have faced an unprecedented task of feeding not only a great Nation but a great part of the world.

Look at the poster. http://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-11-image1.png What is the effect of the rhetorical language that appears in this poster?

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address and the poster below it. As spokesmen for the United States Government, you and I take off our hats to those responsible for our American production—to the owners, managers, and supervisors, to the draftsmen and the engineers, and to the workers—men and women—in factories and arsenals and shipyards and mines and mills and forests—and railroads and on highways. http://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-21-image1.png What is a similarity between the speech and the poster?

What are President Roosevelt's primary purposes in his State of the Union address? Check all that apply.

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address. We must appraise the events of 1942 according to their relative importance; we must exercise a sense of proportion. How does repetition of the phrase "we must" help Roosevelt achieve his purpose?

Read the excerpt from President Roosevelt's State of the Union address. I cannot prophesy. I cannot tell you when or where the United Nations are going to strike next in Europe. But we are going to strike—and strike hard. The primary purpose behind Roosevelt's words in this excerpt is to

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address. Fortunately, there are only a few Americans who place appetite above patriotism. The overwhelming majority realize that the food we send abroad is for essential military purposes, for our own and Allied fighting forces, and for necessary help in areas that we occupy. How does the phrase "appetite above patriotism" help Roosevelt achieve his purpose?

Read the excerpt from President Roosevelt's State of the Union address. But, as we face that continuing task, we may know that the state of this Nation is good—the heart of this Nation is sound—the spirit of this Nation is strong—the faith of this Nation is eternal. Roosevelt's primary purpose in this part of the speech is to the audience.

During World War II, the WAVES (Women Accepted for Volunteer Emergency Service) program was created. Based on the image and the rhetorical language used, this poster was designed to

Read the excerpt from President Roosevelt's State of the Union address. I cannot prophesy. I cannot tell you when or where the United Nations are going to strike next in Europe. But we are going to strike—and strike hard. . . . Of course, there have been disturbances and inconveniences—and even hardships. And there will be many, many more before we finally win. Yes, 1943 will not be an easy year for us on the home front. We shall feel in many ways in our daily lives the sharp pinch of total war. The repeated use of the word reinforces the strength and power of the United Nations

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address and the poster below it. Fortunately, there are only a few Americans who place appetite above patriotism. The overwhelming majority realize that the food we send abroad is for essential military purposes, for our own and Allied fighting forces, and for necessary help in areas that we occupy. https://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-18-image1.png Both the speech and the poster use

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address and the poster below it. Fortunately, there are only a few Americans who place appetite above patriotism. The overwhelming majority realize that the food we send abroad is for essential military purposes, for our own and Allied fighting forces, and for necessary help in areas that we occupy. https://media.education2020.com/evresources/3012/3012-09/3012-09-03/3012-09-03-assessment/3012-09-03-19-image1.png Which is a difference between the speech and the poster?

Read the excerpt from Roosevelt's State of the Union address. We take off our hats to the farmers who have faced an unprecedented task of feeding not only a great Nation but a great part of the world. What is the effect of repeating the word great in this excerpt?

_______________________________ focuses on identifying your main points and developing your supporting points, plus considering useful ways to arrange those points and connect them in your speech.

_____________________ are the central claims that support your thesis statement; speeches generally have three or four of them, but may have more or less. ○ They should be arranged in such a way that your audience is drawn to the conclusion you wish them to make. ○ Each should include only one major idea to avoid overwhelming your audience.

________________ provide support for the main points and utilize your research. ○ Each main point should have the same number of ________________. ○ Each of these should carry the same weight and all should support the thesis statement and main purpose.

○ _______________________ patterns arrange main points in a systematic, time-related manner. ○ _________________ patterns arrange main points into categories, including ascending or descending order, or the primacy-recency effect. ○ ______________ patterns arrange main points in terms of physical proximity to or position in relation to each other. ○ _____________________ patterns present a problem and narrow solutions to the one you recommend.

○ _____________________ patterns arrange points in a cause-to-effect or effect-to-cause relationship. ○ ___________________ patterns present main points in a story pattern with characters, plot, settings, and imagery. ○ _____________________________ patterns, first developed by Alan Monroe, consist of the following five steps, which are based on the psychological elements of advertising: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action.

○ ____________________ connect points to one another seamlessly so they flow naturally from one to the next. ○ __________________ are key words or phrases, such as "next" or similarly," that signal transitions between points. ○ ______________________ let the audience know what's coming and work best with internal summaries, which allow the speaker to reiterate points.

○ ___________________ means repeating key phrases or words to help your audience remember them. ○ _________________ indirectly reference someone or something else to give deeper meaning to the message. ○ _____________ use "like" or "as" to create comparisons between like things. ○__________________ compare unlike things and are stated as fact but are not to be taken literally.

○ ____________________ outlines contain the full text of your speech. ○ _______________ outlines use phrases to serve as reminders for each point and subpoint. ○ __________________ outlines use key words to jog the speaker's memory about specifics for the speech ○ __________________ outlines (working outlines) firm up the content of your speech. ○ _______________ outlines (delivery outlines) contain delivery cues (brief reminders about important information related to the delivery of your speech) and notes about presentational aids. -should contain notes about citing your sources orally (oral citations). -should generally not be sentence outlines. It is better to switch to a phrase or key-word outline to maintain spontaneity in speaking.

○ ________________________ anxiety is the nervousness people feel when they have to communicate publicly to an audience and may include physical symptoms. ○ ______________________________ is a more general fear or anxiety associated with either real or anticipated communication with another person or persons.

▪ Speaking from ______________________ ○ This kind of speaking has you read your speech word for word from a script; this is useful in situations where accuracy is critical. ○ This method is time consuming and can limit your ability to communicate nonverbally using movement, facial expressions, and gestures. ▪ Speaking from _________________ ○ Also referred to as oratory, this method requires you to commit your words to memory. ○ This method is both time consuming and risky. ○ Speaking from memory can seem like more of a performance than a communication situation in which the speaker is engaging with the audience.

▪ Speaking _________________________ ○ Impromptu speaking is speaking to an audience without warning and preparation. ○ For impromptu speaking, you need to be able to think on your feet, choose a format for responding, and listen to what others have been saying about the subject. ▪ Speaking _____________________________ ○ This is speaking on planned content in a calm and collected manner. ○ Preparation tips include preparing well in advance, creating a key-word or phrase outline, and practicing.

What are ways to have effective vocal delivery?

What are ways to have effective visual delivery?

What are ways to connect with your audience?

▪ The Function of ________________________ is to supplement a speech, not substitute for it. They should accomplish the following: ○ Help listeners to retain and process information ○ Help promote listeners' interest and motivation about your topic ○ Convey information clearly and concisely, allowing more time for the speaker's interpretation and elaboration

○ __________ (objects) and ________________ (scaled objects) help you describe things that may be difficult to describe with only words; however, they require preplanning to consider safety and logistics. ○ _________________ and ________________ provide illustrations to illustrate things that are difficult to describe with only words; however, they require equipment and infrastructure. ○ ________________ and _______________ assist you in delivering data to your audience ○ _______________ and _____________________ that are well done can help show complex information; they must be legible to the audience and they require equipment to display. ○ ___________________ and ____________________ invite audience participation but should not distract the audience. ○ __________________________, such as Microsoft PowerPoint, Apple Keynote, and Google Docs, can be helpful but, if done poorly, can overwhelm or dominate your presentation.

Practicing Your Speech reviews four important points to consider when preparing to give your speech.

The Goals of __________________________ examines ways to increase an audience's understanding and knowledge throughout every phase of speech development and delivery. -increases the audience's understanding or knowledge about a topic. -intended to be objective, presenting facts and information in a straightforward and evenhanded way, free of influence from the speaker's personal thoughts or opinions. -This contrasts a subjective speech, which presents facts from a particular point of view.

▪ Meeting the Audience's Informational Needs requires the following:

▪ ____________________ presentations paint a mental picture for your audience, allowing the speaker to portray places, events, persons, objects, or processes clearly and vividly. ▪ ___________________ speeches answer "how" questions by showing an audience the way something works, using a clear purpose statement and very straightforward organizational pattern. ▪ __________________ speeches answer "what" questions that incorporate the following: operational definitions, definition by negation, definition by example, definitions by synonym, or definitions by etymology (origin of a word or phrase). ▪ ____________________ speeches answer "why" or "what does that mean" questions. They can clarify concepts by elucidating explanations, quasi-scientific explanations, and transformative explanations.

▪ Persuasive speaking uses the process of persuasion to influence beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors. It differs from coercion, which uses manipulation, threats, intimidation, or violence to gain compliance. ▪ __________________ are general evaluations of people, ideas, objects, or events. ▪ ______________ are ways in which people perceive reality. ▪ _________________ is the manner in which we act or function.

• Developing a Persuasive Topic and Thesis examines 3 types of propositions, or thesis statements that are often given about a viewpoint or position on an issue in a persuasive speech. ▪ ________________________ make a claim of what is or what is not and commonly involve issues that are open to some interpretation and on which there are conflicting evidence or beliefs, with the goal being to align the audience's perception or opinion of the fact with your own. ▪ ____________________________ make a claim about something's worth by seeking to convince an audience that something meets or does not meet a specific standard of goodness or quality or right or wrong. ▪ __________________________ make a claim about what a goal, policy, or course of action should be by persuading the audience that a current policy is not working or that a new policy is needed.

○ _____________________________ argues that persuasion depends on the audience's current attitudes or disposition toward your topic. ○ A __________________ audience agrees with your viewpoints and your message and is likely to respond favorably to your speech. ○ A _______________ audience is one that opposes your message or you personally and is the hardest to persuade. ○ A ______________ audience falls between the other two, with its members neither supporting nor opposing you. Their neutrality may stem from disinterest or lack of information ○ How listeners react depends on their _____________________________—what is acceptable and unacceptable to them based on how they initially felt about the topic, or their anchor position.

○ Examine your audience through __________________________________, which argues that the most basic needs must be met before an individual can become concerned with needs farther up in the hierarchy. ○ These include the following needs: ▫ Physiological/survival ▫ Safety ▫ Belongings/social ▫ Esteem/ego-status ▫ Self-actualization

○ The ______________________________ (ELM) is based on the belief that listeners process persuasive messages by one of two routes, depending on how important or relevant the message is to them. ▫ _______________ processing happens when people think critically about the speaker's message. ▫ ___________________ processing happens when motivation is lacking.

▪ __________________ ○ The effect of the speaker's credibility, character, and goodwill on a presentation. ○ Speakers also create this through homophily, that is, how much they perceive the audience to be "like them." ▪ ______________ refers to the persuasive appeals directed at the audience's reasoning on a topic. ○ Reasoning is the line of thought we use to make judgments based on facts and inferences from all around us. -__________________ reasoning occurs when you draw general conclusions based on specific evidence. -__________________ reasoning occurs when you begin with a general argument and apply it to specific cases. This is often done with a syllogism, a three-line deductive argument that draws a specific conclusion from two general premises. ▪ _________________ involves appealing to the listener's emotions. ○ Typically this is most effective when used with logos and ethos. ○ ________________________ are typically only effective if the speaker can get the audience to see the threat as serious, is likely to happen to them, and that there is a specific action they can take to avoid the threat.

____________________________ are invalid or deceptive forms of reasoning. Examples include the following: ○ __________________ fallacy is accepting a statement as true because it is popular. It may persuade passive audience members who assume that an argument must be correct if others accept it. ○ _______________________ is pushing an argument beyond its logical limits. ○ ____________________ fallacy refers to relying on irrelevant information for an argument, thus diverting the direction of the argument. ○ ________________________ (ad hominem fallacy) are directed at the person, not the argument. ○ ____________________________ involves presenting arguments that no one can verify; also called a circular argument. ○ _______________ fallacy involves presenting only two options and failing to acknowledge alternatives; also called a false dilemma fallacy. ○ _______________________ uses tradition as proof in an argument. ○ ____________________ fallacy asserts one event occurs as a result of another without proof.

• Organizing Patterns in Persuasive Speaking ▪ _______________________________ ○ The speaker establishes the existence of a problem and then presents a solution. ○ This type of format works well when you are presenting a proposition of policy. ▪ ________________________________ ○ This pattern involves presenting main points opposed to your position and then following them with main points that support your position. ○ This format can help build credibility with a hostile audience. ▪ __________________________________ ○ This pattern shows that one viewpoint is superior to other viewpoints. ○ This pattern works well when listeners already agree there is a problem. ▪ _____________________________________ ○ This is a variant of the problem-solution pattern and includes five steps: attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, and action. ○ This is effective when you want your audience to take some kind of action.

A hook, link, and thesis statement/claim

the last sentence in your introduction that states what your essay is about

explaining WHY the evidence matters

The first sentence or question in an essay to grab the reader's attention

The sentence at the beginning of a paragraph that tells the point of the whole paragraph. It has to match support your thesis statement.

words that connect ideas together such as to start, to begin with, in conclusion, also, finally

when you use similes, hyperbole or a metaphor in your essay to prove your point

restate (using different words) the thesis statement and then say deep things about the writing prompt and what people can learn from the texts

this tells you what to write about in your essay. Watch for key words like Why, How, In what ways

an elaboration strategy where you define a word that someone needs to know to understand your essay or writing

an elaboration strategy where you show how things are similar or different in your essay or writing

an elaboration strategy where you say how things are different in your essay or writing

this is a transition word that means for example

this is when you write a sentence with commas, transition words and big vocabulary.

any kind of writing should be called this.

you should these around titles when you quote or copy from a text

this is the 1st paragraph after the introduction paragraph and it tells you the first thing that you are going to talk about in your essay

this is the 2nd paragraph after the introduction paragraph and the 1st body paragraph and it tells you the second thing that you are going to talk about in your essay

this is the 3rd paragraph after the introduction paragraph and the 1st and 2nd body paragraph and it tells you the third thing that you are going to talk about in your essay

when you disagree with the claim or argument and say why it's wrong

the "thesis statement" of an argumentative essay in which you state which side of the argument you are writing about.

(Yeah, but) Your answer to the counterclaim. It explains why your reasons are stronger than the other side.

this is how we can create our controlling idea/claim for our essay.

The type of evidence that uses facts to support a point/controlling idea/claim.

The type of evidence that uses a short narrative (story) or experience to support a point/controlling idea/claim.

when the author of an essay restates information in their own words.

the last statement the author can make to reach out to the reader about the essay topic.

the type of essay in which you argue one side of an argument over another.

the type of essay in which you inform the reader of a topic, or explain something.

the strategy used to dissect the writing prompt to get a better understanding of the task.

A key reason for seeking a peer review is to

__ is a series of steps that leads you from your basic concept to a finished document

Invention should be thought of as

__ uses time-tested strategies that help you ask good questions about your topic and figure out what type of information is needed to support your claims and statements

Presentation software, such as Microsoft Powerpoint, can be used as a method of __

A good introduction should

A topic sentence __

Which form of thesis statement includes an assertion and backing?

The topic sentence of a paragraph

A writer's __ defines what genre the writer most likely will follow

This form of thesis statement is not stated directly. Instead, the writer moves the reader, through thoughtful reflection, to get the message

Mary has written a paper describing her first year in college. Her description of the year is the __ of her paper

The writer's __ indicates what he/she wants to achieve in the document

A paper's topic and angle determine what the author writes about. The purpose explains __

__ tells a story that demonstrates your expertise

Writers should consider using __ to enhance and reinforce the words on the page

Genres help __

A good way to improve your writing skills is to:

What is the purpose of a memoir

A description of how genres may be used

Five elements of the rhetorical situation

The fire crackled in the fireplace. This is an example of__

Which one of the following statements is an example of a multiple cause and effect

When you have figured out your research question, you should turn it into a __ that will guide your research

What are three important pieces of information included in a parenthetical citation

When including an in-text citation from an article or journal in APA format, which in formation should appear first

Which of the following references is written in the correct APA format for a parenthetical reference?

When you have created an archive, what is the next step in portfolio development

What is the main purpose of a learning portfolio?

In which of the following steps of creating a portfolio should you review the materials in your porfolio

Which of the following elements is included in archiving your work for a specific course

When starting a report, which is the most important task?

Monica wrote her initial research topic, thesis and hypothesis in week 2 of her composition course. As she collected information on her topic, she realized that the facts, ideas and events she discovered through her research changed her views of the topic. What should Monica do?

Which ways are suitable for a researcher to verify the information in a source

Maria is researching the mating habits of the Bengal tiger, and she comes across a good quote from an expert on the behavior of big cats. Maria wants to use the 50-word, 7-line quote effectively. Maria uses a block quote to present the information. what is the best next step for Maria?

Descriptions of people, places or objects __

An analogy may explain something unfamiliar __

In which of the following genres can narratives be used to summarize or describe what you are analyzing

Etymology is the historical exploration of __

The rhetorical pattern typically used to explore similarities and differences is called

3 basic steps that use classification to organize a paragraph or section

What is the purpose of a rhetorical analysis

When preparing to write a rhetorical analysis, the first thing you need to do is __

To give your readers and understanding of the past impact of the text you are analyzing, give them some __ on it

Mary wants to start drafting her rhetorical analysis. What is her first step?

Authors tend to use three types of proofs to persuade you. What are they?

If a writer states, \"I may not know much about Z, but I do know that X is true and Y is not.\" He/she is using __ as proof to persuade you.

Mary wants to use an appropriate style in her rhetorical analysis. Some correct ideas are

Mary wants to use visuals in her rhetorical analysis. What can she use?

Expressing anger or pain highlights the use of __ as a method of persuasion in rhetorical analysis.