Test 3B – Chemistry – Flashcards
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| What is an Alditol? |
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| Carbonyl group is reduced to a hydroxyl group by a reducing agent |
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| How does an Alpha amino acid exist in solution? |
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| Zwitterion |
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| List BASIC amino acids. |
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| Arginine Histidine Lysine |
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| List Acidic Amino Acids. |
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| Aspartic Acid Glutamic Acid |
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| What is distinctive about a peptide bond? |
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| Carbon double bond to oxygen conntcted to Nitrogen bonded to hydrogen |
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| When can Chymotrypsin cleave a protein chain? |
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| After PHEnylanaline After TRYptophan After TYRosine |
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| Where does Trypsin cleave protein chains? |
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| After ARGinine After LYSine EXCEPT wehre followed by PROlein |
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| List 4 means of stabiliztion for a TERTIARY protein. |
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| Covalent bonds: S-S disulfide bonds Hydrogen bonding Salt bridge NH3+ C-O- Hydorphobic between non-polar side chains |
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| Describe a Fibrous protein. |
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| Linear Insoluble in water Folds so hydrophobic side chains are on the exterior Example is Keratin |
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| Describe a Globular Protein. |
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| Spherical soluble in water-colloid Hydrophilic side chains ar directed to exterior Example: Albumin |
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| Describe secondary structure protein |
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| Hydrogen bonding between amide linkages of main chain alpha helix-spiral clockwise coil held by H bonding between carbonyl of amide and N-H of other Side chain point outward Beta pleated sheets Random coil |
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| Can a secondary protein structure have Beta pleated sheets, alpha helix, and random coils? |
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| YES |
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| Name 2 teritary structure proteins |
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| Keratin-fibrous Albumin-Globular |
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| Describe Quaternary Structure |
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| 2 or more polypeptide chains Chains are SUBUNITS-identical or different Conjugated proteins-material other than amino chaines |
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| What structure are Glycoproteins? |
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| Quaternary sugars |
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| What structure are lipoproteins and hemoglobin? |
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| Quaternary |
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| What is a conjugated protein? |
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| Protein with a small organic molecule-Quatenary |
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| What is the small organic molecule of a conjugated protein called? |
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| Prosthetic group |
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| Vasopressin and Oxytocin are examples of which structure of proteins? |
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| Primary |
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| How many combinations are possible in a chain of "n" amino acids? |
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| 20 raised to the power of "n" |
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| Name amino acids with a phenyl ring. |
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| Phenylalanine Tyrosine |
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| Which amino acid contains a thiol? |
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| Cystein can form disulfide bonds |
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| List some ways to denature a protein |
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| Heat 6M aqueous Urea Detergent Reducing agent-mercaptoethanol Heavy metal ions Pb, Hg, Cd alcohols 70% ethanol |
