Test 3 – Flashcard
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George Murdock discovered that only a few jobs were consistently male-dominated in his study of 324 societies around the world. He considered all of the following as male-dominated jobs EXCEPT for ________.
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taking care of cattle
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What activity did Marvin Harris link to the emergence of sex discrimination and men gaining the upper hand?
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warfare and hand-to-hand combat
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In what society were women and men often considered social equals?
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hunting and gathering
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According to sociologists, why do men and women typically perform different types of work?
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It is a product of socialization and social control.
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Which wave of feminism was characterized by broad goals ranging from an increase in women's pay to an antiviolence campaign?
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the second wave
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In which profession have women made the greatest change in earning professional degrees compared to the number of degrees conferred to men?
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dentistry
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What act did members of the National Women's Party engage in to gain the right to vote in 1917?
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They picketed the White House.
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Which statement best summarizes the relationship between killers and their victims?
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Men outnumber women as both victims and killers.
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Which wave of the women's movement focused on the problems of women in the Least Industrialized Nations?
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the third wave
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By the 1970s, women began to perceive unwanted sexual advances at work and school as part of a _______ problem.
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structural
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What conclusion did George Murdock make following his study of 324 societies?
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Every society associates certain activities with one sex or the other.
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________ was the first to propose that we might need affirmative action for men.
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Judith Kleinfield
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The age range of women most likely to be victims of rape is ________.
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16 to 19
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Sexual harassment was not recognized as being a social problem until the ________.
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1970s
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In what society were women and men often considered social equals?
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hunting and gathering
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Joan and Jim were both hired to do the same work at the Acme Tool Company, although Jim's title is slightly different from Joan's. Jim has received a higher starting salary. What do sociologists call this form of employment discrimination?
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the testosterone bonus
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Why do sociologists classify females as a minority group?
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Women are discriminated against because of their physical characteristics.
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Who proposed the concept that women are better prepared biologically for "mothering" than men, which is overlaid in culture?
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Alice Rossi
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Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
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Gender differences are based on social factors
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Marketing, sales, and production positions are considered _________ that lead(s) to the top of a company.
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pipelines
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What has the Supreme Court ruled regarding the treatment of homosexuals in the workplace and sexual harassment?
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Sexual harassment laws apply to homosexuals who are harassed by heterosexuals or other homosexuals on the job.
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By the 1970s, women began to perceive unwanted sexual advances at work and school as part of a _______ problem.
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structural
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What sport did anthropologist Douglas Foley and sociologist Donna Eder examine to illustrate the devaluation of females as a method of motivating men?
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football
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When many students graduate from college, they are able to earn an extra $1,435 a month between the ages of 25 and 65. These students manage to earn this bonus by ________.
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being born male
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What is the term for gender discrimination against women who miss the work experience while they care for children at home?
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the child penalty
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Why do sociologists classify females as a minority group?
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Women are discriminated against because of their physical characteristics.
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What term describes the invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels of a corporation?
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the glass ceiling
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What is the normal chromosome configuration for a male?
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XY
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Which of the following statements best describes how feminists view sexual harassment?
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It is based on the structural problems imbedded in society.
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What is the practice of suttee?
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burning the living widow with the body of her dead husband
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The first wave of the women's movement had a radical branch and a conservative branch. What was the goal of the radical branch of the movement?
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reforming all the institutions of society
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George Murdock discovered that only a few jobs were consistently male-dominated in his study of 324 societies around the world. He considered all of the following as male-dominated jobs EXCEPT for ________.
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taking care of cattle
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Which wave of the women's movement focused on the problems of women in the Least Industrialized Nations?
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the third wave
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The term for the unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on a person's sex is ________.
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gender stratification
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Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?
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a uterus in women
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In politics, what distinction does Carol Brown hold?
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She was the first African American woman elected to the U.S. Senate.
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Sexual harassment was not recognized as being a social problem until the ________.
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1970s
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Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
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Gender differences are based on social factors
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Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?
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a uterus in women
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What is the philosophy that biology is not destiny, especially with regard to justifying gender stratification?
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feminism
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In which profession have women made the greatest change in earning professional degrees compared to the number of degrees conferred to men?
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dentistry
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When many students graduate from college, they are able to earn an extra $1,435 a month between the ages of 25 and 65. These students manage to earn this bonus by ________.
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being born male
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According to __________ patriarchy could have had different origins in different places.
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Gerda Lerner
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The fact that nearly 80 percent of engineering degrees are awarded to men while 90 percent of library science degrees are awarded to women illustrates the phenomenon of ________.
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gender tracking
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Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
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Gender differences are based on social factors
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What term describes the invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels of a corporation?
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the glass ceiling
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The term for the unequal access to power, prestige, and property based on a person's sex is ________.
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gender stratification
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What act did members of the National Women's Party engage in to gain the right to vote in 1917?
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They picketed the White House.
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What term describes the invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels of a corporation?
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the glass ceiling
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Which statement best summarizes the relationship between killers and their victims?
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Men outnumber women as both victims and killers.
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Sociologically, why is gender especially significant?
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It is a master status cutting across all aspects of life.
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Dominance behavior, such as winning a game, produce higher levels of __________.
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testosterone
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While the notion of gender refers to sociological characteristics, the concept of sex refers to ________ characteristics.
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biological
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The fact that nearly 80 percent of engineering degrees are awarded to men while 90 percent of library science degrees are awarded to women illustrates the phenomenon of ________.
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gender tracking
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Which statement is least accurate regarding sex and gender?
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The terms "sex" and "gender" are sociologically and biologically interchangeable
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The age range of women most likely to be victims of rape is _______
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16 to 19
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Agatha has worked for ten years in the public relations department of a large firm. She has been promoted to several higher paying managerial positions, but never to an executive position, even though she has directed several successful projects for the firm. Her lack of promotion most likely illustrates ________.
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the "glass ceiling"
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Which of the following statements best describes how most sociologists believe behavioral gender differences develop between men and women?
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Gender differences are based on social factors
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Which of the following is a primary sex characteristic?
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a uterus in women
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What classification or terminology do sociologists apply to women that describe their inability to gain equal access to power, property, and prestige?
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minority group
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What activity did Marvin Harris link to the emergence of sex discrimination and men gaining the upper hand?
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warfare and hand-to-hand combat
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Of the nation's top 500 corporations, referred to as the "Fortune 500," ________ are headed by women.
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eighteen
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What term describes the invisible barrier that keeps women from advancing to the top levels of a corporation?
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the glass ceiling
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Why do most acquaintance rapes go unreported to authorities?
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The victim feels partially responsible because she knows the perpetrator.
