question

What effect did the agricultural revolution in Europe have on the transition to capitalism?

answer

It helped capitalism develop by increasing the efficiancy of production.

question

Jenny lives in a society in which there is a strong norm against mixing business with pleasure. Work and leisure activities are physically separate, occurring at different times, on different days, at different places, and often with different people. Jenny lives in a ____________ society.

answer

modern capitalist

question

According to the textbook, in a capitalist economic system, the price and distribution of goods and services are determined by what?

answer

competition

question

The dominant economic system before the agricultural revolution was:

answer

the feudal system.

question

At the end of the eighteenth century and the beginning of the nineteenth century, a massive transition was propelled by the development of new technologies, including:

answer

the power loom and steam engine.

question

The agricultural revolution was spurred on by new innovations such as:

answer

crop rotation.

question

Georg Simmel saw the development of monetary payment systems as part of a historical evolution leading to:

answer

depersonalization of exchange.

question

Marx described workers as being alienated from:

answer

other people. themselves. the process of production.

question

In contrast to Simmel, Karl Marx believed that friendship under capitalism is not possible because:

answer

all relationships become market relationships.

question

Which theorist claimed that modern capitalism would not have arisen without the Protestant Reformation, which created the necessary social conditions for capitalism by creating theological insecurity and instilling a doctrine of predestination?

answer

Max Weber

question

The "typical" American family today is:

answer

dual-income.

question

Lawyers who don't provide a tangible object to their clients work in the

answer

service sector

question

____________ are states that are usually totalitarian and ruled either by a single individual or by a small group of people.

answer

Dictatorships

question

The national government in the United State is an example of a(n) _________________ democracy.

answer

representative

question

Which of the following is a criticism of democracies according to your text?

answer

Voters are typically uninformed about political issues

question

Structural-functionalism answers the question "who rules America" with:

answer

pluralism

question

Elite pluralists take the position that:

answer

the competition for votes ensures that no one group retains political power indefinitely, even when the leaders are members of elite classes

question

The power elite theory states that power is:

answer

concentrated in a small number of people who control the major institutions of the state

question

Mahendra lives in the United States after living in India for most of his life. He still sees himself as Indian, speaks Hindi as his preferred language at home, and tells his children how wonderful life was in India. Mahendra is part of a(n) __________________________________.

answer

imagined community

question

When the Boko Haram group in Nigeria killed thousands of people and kidnapped 276 schoolgirls, these actions were considered:

answer

terrorism

question

The _______________ is the social system involved in the production and distribution of goods.

answer

economy

question

Post-Fordism is associated with ________________ when compared to Fordism.

answer

smaller production runs

question

Which country today leads many forms of mass production?

answer

China

question

A___________________ seeks to operate economic markets efficiently but also equitably.

answer

Welfare state

question

Many manufacturing plants in the Northeast, since the 1960s, have closed and many lost their jobs. This is an example of ___________________________.

answer

deindustrialization

question

When a few companies come to dominate the market, this is referred to as ______________________________.

answer

monopoly capitalism

question

A decline in U.S. labor unions began in the ______________.

answer

60s

question

Nina is a part-time college professor who tends bar at night and on weekends. She can be said to be

answer

underemployed

question

A characteristic of _____________________ is that money is increasingly liquid and flows around the world quite readily.

answer

macrofinance

question

Modernity is marked by __________, while post-modernity is marked by ____________.

answer

production and work; consumption

question

John studies the fertility and migration trends of countries around the world. John would be classified as a(n) _____________________.

answer

demographer

question

The baby boom took place between:

answer

1946 and 1960

question

Ahmad runs away from his home country of Afghanistan to escape religious persecution. He flees to Germany, where he applies for permission to reside permanently. He is an example of a(n) _________________.

answer

asylum seeker

question

The U.S. government labels a city of 50,000 residents or greater a(n) __________________.

answer

urban area

question

Suburban areas continue to push outward to encompass land and housing that is cheaper. These outlying areas are called:

answer

exurbia

question

What percentage of the population of the United States is urban?

answer

80%

question

The area between Boston, MA, and Washington, DC, in the United States is classified as a ___________________.

answer

megalopolis

question

Cliff is a researcher who is going to focus on the relationship between corporate policies and environmental issues and the way the____________ explains how everyone in the system depends on continuous growth.

answer

treadmill of production

question

The most notable deforestation in the world is taking place in ___________________________.

answer

the Amazon rain forest

question

_______________________ involves economic and environmental changes that meet the needs of the present, especially of the world's poor, without jeopardizing the needs of the future.

answer

Sustainable development

question

______________________ is the decline in the water supply as a result of the degradation and deterioration of soil and vegetation.

answer

Desertification

question

Today, there are many areas that are located near major highways that contain shopping centers and many restaurants and surround large cities. These areas are often referred to as _______________________.

answer

edge cities

question

During the process of gentrification, who is often forced out of the blighted areas in order to make way for new housing?

answer

the middle classes

question

The earth is presently at _______ parts per million of carbon-dioxide in the atmosphere.

answer

400

question

Last year, the Smith family visited Orlando, Florida for their summer vacation. Orlando, home to Disney World, places great emphasis on spectacle and being a site of entertainment. It can be classified as a(n) ____________ city.

answer

fantasy

question

______ involves variations over time in every aspect of the social world, ranging from changes affecting individuals to transformations having an impact on the glove as a whole

answer

Social Change

question

In Malcolm Gladwell's essay "Small Change: Why the Revolution Will Not Be Tweeted," the argument was made that social media are built on the basis of people who have ______ with one another

answer

both weak and strong ties

question

the first wave of the women's movement in the United States is traceable to the

answer

1840s

question

the defining characteristic of the third wave of the women's movement has been

answer

greater racial, ethnic, and sex and gender inclusivity

question

The ______ signaled a negative turning point for the history of gay and lesbian movements in the United States

answer

Lavender Scare

question

The key event in the history of the civil rights movement was

answer

The 1955 bus boycott in Alabama

question

The focus on what groups of people need to do in order to effectively bring about social change is referred to as the ________________ theory

answer

Resource mobilization

question

Which of the following is NOT a type of resource that is important in the mobilization of social movements

answer

Personal assets

question

Riots, crowds, and disasters are all examples of

answer

Collective behavior

question

The ____________ theory is based on the idea that new norms emerge in light of some precipitating event, and they guide the often nontraditional actions that characterize collective behavior

answer

Emergent norm

question

Many __________ are organized via the Internet and other social networking sites, oftens to rally for a certain cause

answer

Flash mobs

question

_______________ occured in Los Angeles in 1992 after police officers, charged with viciously beating black motorist Rodney King, were acquitted

answer

Race riots

question

Which of the following is NOT a factor int he emergence of a social movement?

answer

Absence of grievances

question

Hurricane Irma is an example of a natural __________

answer

Disaster

question

The World Social Forum, founded in 2001, was concerned mainly with ________________

answer

The lack of democracy in global economic and political affairs

question

The slogan of the World Social Forum has been coined

answer

Another world is possible

question

According to Ritzer, contemporary social change is particularly characteristic of which three areas

answer

Globalization, consumption, and the Internet

question

Prior to the current epoch of globalization, one of the things that characterized people, things, and information, among other things, was:

answer

They were more solid

question

Disasters are often natural in origin but can also be human caused. All the following are roles humans often play in bringing about and/or exacerbating the consequences of disasters, except:

answer

Ensuring that building and safety codes are carefully followed

question

According to Zygmunt Bauman, the perspective on globalization involves increasing

answer

Liquidity

question

In No Logo, ________________ is very critical of the role that branding plays in the world of consumption

answer

Naomi Klein

question

The Tea Party, attempting to appear as a grassroots movement, adopted a ________________ strategy

answer

Astroturf

question

The difference between collective action and deviance is:

answer

Whether you are acting alone or as part of a group

question

Group behavior has to violate social norms in order to be classified as "collective action" because:

answer

Collective action seeks to highlight the reasons social norms should be changed

question

An example of collective action would be:

answer

Everyone walking out on an exam

question

Ten thousand people writing the governor, asking him or her not to execute an individual is an example of:

answer

Mass collective action

question

A difference between crowd collective action and mass collective action is that:

answer

Crowd collective action involves face-to-face interactions with other group members, while mass collective action can use media to tie people together

question

Convergence theory doesn't necessarily require:

answer

planning

question

Participating in "the wave" at a baseball game is an example of ___________ theory

answer

Contagion

question

Presbyterian, Green Bay Packers fan, Republican, and Italian are all group associations that help define you as an

answer

Individual

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