question

The absence of an athletic trainer, it is essential that the coach understand the responsibilities of the athletic trainer to ensure that the coach acts in their appropriate duty a care intending to an injured participant.

answer

Athletic training

question

Will be presented with reference to the responsibilities of the coach, team physician, primary care physician, in the participant.

answer

Team approach to the delivery of healthcare

question

A broad and complex branch of healthcare, encompassing several disciplines.

answer

Sports medicine

question

True or False? No single profession can provide the expertise to carryout this enormous responsibility.

answer

True

question

NATA

answer

The National Athletic Trainers' Association

question

The professional organization responsible for about the certification of athletic trainers and defining the major performance domains of the athletic trainer.

answer

The board of certification for athletic trainer

question

Encompasses a broad spectrum of knowledge and skills that address the risks associated with participation in sports and physical activities.

answer

Prevention

question

Allows for a comprehensive prevention, assessment, and management of an injury or illness, as it taps the expertise of the individual specialist working in conjunction with one another and the patient.

answer

The team approach to the delivery of healthcare

question

By having healthcare professional from different disciplines work collaboratively, a venue is in place for addressing an injury from different perspectives.

answer

Benefits of having team approach

question

Is the final authority to determine the mental and physical fitness of athletes in organized programs. Should administer and review preseason physical examinations; preseason conditioning programs.

answer

Team physician

question

It is essential that coaches, physical educators, and other specialists responsible for the medical well-being of their players protect themselves with regard to liability, a legal responsibility for one's acts.

answer

Legal considerations

question

A minimum standard that requires an individual to act as a responsibly prudent person.

answer

Reasonable person standard of care

question

Requires an individual to use the knowledge, skills, and abilities that conform to the standard of care for their particular specialization.

answer

Professional standard of care

question

Encompasses a variety of responsibilities, such as teaching proper and appropriate techniques for any age group, providing appropriate supervision of activities, providing quality safety equipment, insuring a safe participation environment and taking proper actions when injuries sustained.

answer

Duty of care

question

A civil wrong done to an individual, whereby the injured party seeks a remedy for damages suffered.

answer

Tort

question

Can occur as a result of an action or lack of action by a professional who had a legal duty of care.

answer

Negligence

question

Occurs when an individual fails to perform a legal duty of care.

answer

Nonfeasance (Omission)

question

Occurs when an individual commits an act that is not their responsibility to perform.

answer

Malfeasance (Commission)

question

Occurs when an individual commits an act that is their legal responsibility to perform, but uses the wrong procedure or performs the correct procedure in an improper manner.

answer

Misfeasance

question

Four elements of negligence:

answer

-there was a duty of care owed to the injured person by the person responsible for the injury. -there was a breach of that duty. -there was harm. -the resulting harm was a direct cause of the breach of duty

question

Performed by a licensed physician as a requirement for participation in sports team or in the physical fitness program can be an effective strategy for ensuring an individualhealth and safety as it pertains to their participation in physical activity or sport.

answer

Preparticipation Examination

question

What is the focus of the PPE?

answer

Dependent on the specific age group

question

True or False? It is a responsibility of the coach to evaluate the status of participants prior to permitting them to engage in activity.

answer

True

question

True or False? It is imperative that the coach has an understanding of legal issues pertaining to injury care and management.

answer

True

question

The duties of the certified athletic trainer include which of the following: injury prevention injury rehabilitation injury assessment acute care of injury all of the above

answer

all of the above

question

True or False? Having been treated by an emergency room physician, a high school athlete reports to the coach with a written note from the physician stating that he should not participate in physical activity for 2 weeks. One week later, the athlete's parent calls the coach indicating that their son has improved significantly and grants permission for him to resume practice. If the coach allows the player to return to practice, a breach of duty has been committed.

answer

True

question

Which of the following tasks is the duty of the coach relative to injury prevention? developing and implementing appropriate conditioning programs administering basic first aid developing appropriate treatment programs diagnosing an acute injury taping the athletes before practice

answer

developing and implementing appropriate conditioning programs

question

During an afternoon football practice on a hot, humid day in August, a coach delayed a scheduled water break until the team performed a particular drill in an acceptable manner. The water break was only 15 minutes later than the scheduled time. During the water break, one of the athletes collapsed with signs of heat stroke. What type of legal liability could result from the coach's actions? delaying the water break was an acceptable action; there is no liability issue malfeasance misfeasance gross negligence

answer

misfeasance

question

The team approach to the delivery of health care to athletes includes all of the following individuals except the: team physician primary care physician athletic trainer coach athletic director

answer

athletic director

question

In an athletic program, the team physician should: A. review preseason conditioning programs B. administer preseason conditioning programs C. design preseason conditioning programs D. none of the above E. answers A & C only

answer

A. review preseason conditioning programs

question

True or False? The immediate care of an acute injury could range from the implementation of standard emergency care for a life threatening condition to administering standard immediate care.

answer

True

question

Which of the following is a written guarantee that a product is safe for use?

answer

Expressed Warranty

question

True or False? You are the coach of a high school soccer team. Following a game, a college coach comes to your office expressing interest in one of the players on the team. It is appropriate to give the college coach limited information regarding the athlete's health.

answer

False

question

An individual can be found negligent if: there was a duty of care there was a breach of duty of care there was harm that was directly caused by breach of duty of care any of the above are present all of the above must by present

answer

all of the above must by present

question

During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. The coach is at risk for: failure to warn negligence lack of product liability forseeability of harm

answer

negligence

question

Standard of care: requires an individual to use the knowledge, skills, and abilities that conform to the standard of care for their particular specialization refers to the ethical responsibilities that guide an individual's actions and promote standards of conduct is a legal obligation to protect individuals under one's care from unreasonable risks that could be harmful is the permission granted by the government for an individual to practice a professionrequires an individual to use the knowledge, skills, and abilities that conform to the standard of care for their particular specialization

answer

requires an individual to use the knowledge, skills, and abilities that conform to the standard of care for their particular specialization

question

True or False? The team approach to the delivery of healthcare allows for a comprehensive prevention, assessment, and management of an injury or illness as it utilizes the expertise of individual specialists working in conjunction with one another and the patient.

answer

True

question

True or False? Following an injury, the coach is responsible for the implementation of treatment, rehabilitation, and reconditioning programs as developed in consultation with a physician.

answer

False

question

True or False? Negligence can occur as a result of commission, but not as a result of omission.

answer

False

question

True or False? Risk management is the sole responsibility of the coach.

answer

False

question

True or False? In some settings, the areas of injury prevention and management are relegated to the coach regardless of the individual's background.

answer

True

question

Malfeasance is defined as: committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform committing an act that another minimally competent professional would do in the same circumstance committing an act that is your responsibility to perform, but you use the wrong procedure failing to perform your legal duty of care

answer

committing an act that is not your responsibility to perform

question

The sport/ physical activity participant is responsible for each of the following except: performing within the guidelines of an activity maintaining and wearing safety equipment providing appropriate supervision during activity reporting an injury

answer

providing appropriate supervision during activity

question

True or False? A conscious and medically competent individual has the right to refuse treatment.

answer

True

question

The risk of litigation can be reduced by all of the following except: establishing clear standing orders for providing immediate care requiring coaches to purchase insurance having a well-organized emergency plan providing proper supervision

answer

requiring coaches to purchase insurance

question

The final authority to clear an athlete for participation rests with the: athletic trainer coach supervising physician parent of the athlete

answer

supervising physician

question

In order to ensure appropriate healthcare to participants, a coach should be certified: A. in emergency cardiac care B. in emergency first aid C. as an athletic trainer D. all of the above E. answers A & B only

answer

E. answers A & B only

question

True or False? Good Samaritan Laws protect the employees of a fitness facility who render improper care to a client.

answer

False

question

True or False? If an individual signs an assumption of risk form, the coach/ fitness specialist is no longer liable for any injuries that may occur to that individual.

answer

False

question

Based on the individuals assumption of risk and is a release signed by the individual or parent of the individual under the age of 18 that releases the physician from liability of negligence.

answer

Exculpatory waiver

question

Coaches should inform potential participants of the risks for injury during sport and physical activity participation.

answer

Assumption of risk

question

Implies that an injured party has been reasonably informed of the needed treatment for the services that a coach may need to perform, possible alternative treatments, and advantages and disadvantages of each course of action.

answer

Informed consent

question

Any unfermented or intentional contact with another individual without their consent.

answer

Battery

question

A major concern affecting all healthcare providers is the individual's right to privacy.

answer

Confidentiality

question

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

answer

HIPAA

question

Includes laws that are intended to protect the privacy of patients.

answer

What does HIPAA do?

question

Exists when danger is apparent or should have being apparent, resulting in an unreasonably unsafe condition.

answer

Foreseeability of harm

question

Refers to the relative degree of negligence on the part of a professional (defendant) and the participant (plaintiff), with damages awarded on a basis proportionate to each person's carelessness.

answer

Comparative negligence

question

Manufacturers have a duty of care to design, manufacture, in package equipments that will not cause injury to an individual when used as intended.

answer

Implied warranty

question

Written guarantee that the product is safe for use.

answer

Expressed warranty

question

Developed to encourage bystanders to assist others in need of emergency care by granting them immunity from potential litigation.

answer

Good Samaritan laws

question

Specific Adaptation to Imposed Demands

answer

SAID Principle

question

That the body responds to a given demand with a specific and predictable adaptation.

answer

SAID principle states

question

Physiological improvements occur when an individual physically demands more of the body than is normally required.

answer

Overload

question

Refers to the number of exercise sessions per day or week.

answer

Frequency

question

Flexibility can be increased through ? or ? stretching techniques.

answer

Ballistic or static

question

Uses repetitive bouncing motions at the end of the available ROM.

answer

Ballistic stretching

question

Movement is slow and deliberate

answer

Static stretching

question

Cardiorespiratory exercise can be ? or ? depending upon the energy system being utilized?

answer

Aerobic or anaerobic

question

Requires oxygen to produce energy

answer

Aerobic exercise

question

Short, intense bursts of activity that last for less than several minutes.

answer

Anaerobic exercise

question

Refers to the ability to sustain prolonged exercise.

answer

Cardiorespiratory endurance

question

Normal heart rate for adults?

answer

60 to 100 bpm

question

Normal heart rate for children?

answer

120 to 140 bpm

question

Normal respiration for adults?

answer

10 to 20 breaths per minute

question

Normal respiration for children?

answer

20 to 25 breaths per minute

question

How to maintain and improve cardiovascular endurance?

answer

Influenced by an interaction of frequency, duration, and intensity.

question

Purpose of protective equipment?

answer

Can protect the participant from accidental or routine injuries associated with a particular sport or physical activity.

question

The body is erect, facing forward, with the arms at the side of the body, palms facing forward.

answer

Anatomic position

question

Towards the head or cranium.

answer

Superior Ex) the heart is superior to the abdomen.

question

Towards the lower part of the body.

answer

Inferior Ex) the pelvic cavity is in inferior to the thoracic cavity.

question

Towards the front of the body.

answer

Anterior Ex) the quadriceps muscles lie anterior to the femur.

question

Towards the back of the body.

answer

Posterior Ex) the buttock muscles lie posterior to the pelvis.

question

Closest to a reference point.

answer

Proximal Ex) the shoulder is proximal to the elbow

question

Farthest from a reference point.

answer

Distal Ex) the wrist is distal to the elbow

question

Towards or at the midline of the body.

answer

Medial Ex) the little finger is medial to the thumb

question

Away from the midline of the body.

answer

Lateral Ex) The thumb is lateral to the little finger

question

Pertaining to both sides of the outer body.

answer

Bilateral Ex) the ears are bilateral to the skull body.

question

Towards or at the body surface.

answer

Superficial Ex) the skin is superficial to the muscles

question

Away from the body surface.

answer

Deep Ex) the femur is deep to the skin.

question

Movement along the sagittal plane that decreases the angle of the joint. Ex) bending the knee

answer

Flexion

question

Movement along the sagittal plane that increases the angle of the joint. Ex) straightening a flexed knee

answer

Extension

question

Lifting the foot towards the shin is dorsiflexion. Depressing the foot away from the skin is called plantar flexion.

answer

Dorsiflexion and plantar flexion

question

Movement along the frontal plane whereby the limb moved away from the midline of the body. Ex) raising the arm

answer

Abduction

question

Movement along the frontal plane whereby the limb moves towards the midline of the body.

answer

Adduction Ex.) Lowering a raised arm to the side of the body

question

Limb moves in a circle

answer

Circumduction

question

Turning a bone around on its axis

answer

Rotation

question

Rotating of the forearm side to side. Ex) you can hold a cup of tea in your hand

answer

Supination

question

Rotating the forearm up-and-down Ex) Palm laying down on the table

answer

Pronation

question

Pushing your jaw out

answer

Protraction

question

Letting your jaw return to normal position

answer

Retraction

question

Lifting a body parts superiorly. Ex) shrugging your shoulders

answer

Elevation

question

Force acting along the long axis of a structure. Ex) body weight creates axial loads

answer

Axial force

question

Axial loading that produces a squeezing or crushing effect.

answer

Compressive force

question

Pulling force that stretches the object to which is it applied.

answer

Tensile force

question

Causes one part of the object to slide against, displace or shear with another part of the object

answer

Shear force

question

When a single force produces an injury.

answer

Acute injury

question

When repeated or chronic loading over time produces an injury.

answer

Chronic injury

question

When the skin is scraped with sufficient force, usually in one direction, against a rough surface such as a floor or the artificial playing service.

answer

Abrasions

question

Caused by a sharp, cutting object, such as broken glass.

answer

Incisions

question

An irregular tear in the skin that typically results from a combination of tension and shear. Edges are often jagged, leading to significant bleeding.

answer

Laceration

question

A severe laceration that results in complete separation of the skin from the underlying tissues.

answer

Avulsion

question

Formed when a sharp object, such as a shoe spike or nail, penetrates the skin and underlying tissues with tensile loading

answer

Puncture Wound

question

A painful involuntary contraction that may be clonic, with alternating contraction and relaxation.

answer

Cramp

question

An involuntary contraction of short duration caused by reflex action that can be biochemically derived or initiated by a mechanical blow to a nerve or muscle.

answer

Spasm

question

Inflammation of the tendons

answer

Tendinitis

question

Inflammation of the tendon sheath

answer

Tenosynovitis

question

Inflammation of the muscle

answer

Myositis

question

What is an important fact about pain?

answer

It has meaning!

question

Originates in the skin as well as internal structures in the musculoskeletal system.

answer

Somatic pain

question

Defuse or referred rather than localized to the problem site, originates from the internal organs.

answer

Visceral pain

question

Perceived at a location remote from the side of the tissues actually causing the pain.

answer

Referred pain

question

Three Phases of the healing process?

answer

Inflammatory Phase (0-6 days) The Proliferative Phase (3-21 days) The Maturation phase (3 weeks-1 yr)

question

What is the significance of vasoconstriction in the first phase of the healing process?

answer

It promotes increased blood viscosity or resistance to the flow, which further reduces blood loss from the wound.

question

What is the significance of the activation of the coagulation cascade in the first phase of the healing process?

answer

is to stop the blood loss from the wound area.

question

A plasma-like fluid that exudes out of tissues or its capillaries and is composed of protein and granular leukocytes (white blood cells).

answer

Exudate

question

What is phagocytosis?

answer

Leukocytes (neutrophils and macrophages) ingest the cellular debris; in doing so, prepares the area for repair.

question

An increase in blood flow

answer

Vasodilation

question

What concerns are associated with complete immobilization of a body part following a soft tissue injury? Why?

answer

Complete immobilization of the injury leads to atrophy, loss of strength, and decreased rate of healing in those tissues. Increased risk of re-injury exist as long as the affected tissues are below pre-injury strength.

question

1) Extent (size) of the injury 2) Extent (amount) of hemorrhage and edema 3) Muscle spasm 4) Inflammation 5) Infection

answer

Identify five local factors (not systemic) that can delay the healing of a soft tissue injury.

question

What is the best method of controlling bleeding?

answer

Direct pressure

question

What does elevation of an injured side due for the injury?

answer

Prevents pooling of the blood in the extremities.

question

Immobilization can lead to loss of muscle strength within:

answer

24 hours

question

An objective, measurable physical findings regarding an individual's condition.

answer

Sign

question

Information provided by the injured individual regarding their perception of the problem.

answer

Symptom

question

HOPS

answer

History Observation Palpation Special Tests

question

SOAP

answer

Subjective Objective Assessment Plan

question

Most important step in injury assessment?

answer

Identifying the history of the injury

question

What is information provided by the individual regarding their perception of the problem?

answer

Symptoms

question

Subjective information is gained through what part of the HOPS process?

answer

History

question

To identify and initiate management of any life threatening conditions.

answer

Primary Survey

question

Purpose of a secondary survey?

answer

To identify the type and extent of an injury, and the immediate disposition of the condition.

question

The amount of "give" within a joint supportive tissue is termed

answer

Laxity

question

Is performed voluntarily by the individual

answer

Active range of motion

question

When an injured individual is unable to perform the full motion.

answer

Passive range of motion

question

When an individual is able to perform the full and pain-free motion, the coach may want to resist range of motion to detect muscle strength.

answer

Resisted range of motion

question

When the individual has successfully completed active and resisted motion.

answer

Weight bearing

question

Information gathered during the assessment must be analyzed and decisions made based on the best interests of the injured individual.

answer

Disposition

question

What are the questions for mechanisms of injury?

answer

Who? What? When? Where? How?

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