Spalding Academy Geography 2011 – Flashcards
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teno-, tendino-
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tendon
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Spanish for “high plain,” a region in Peru and Bolivia encircled by the Andes peaks
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Altiplano
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Farm workers; generally, people who live and work in rural areas
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Campesino
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Spanish term for “conqueror,” referring to soldiers who conquered Native Americans in Latin America
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Conquistador
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Parallel chains or ranges of mountains
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Cordillera
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Local form of a language used in a particular place or by a certain group
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Dialect
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Steep cliff or slope between a higher and lower land surface
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Escarpment
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An area where the tide meets a river current
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Estuary
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The cowhands of Argentina and Uruguay
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Gaucho
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Picture writing carved in stone
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Glyph
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Native to a place
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Indigenous
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Fertile plains in inland areas of Colombia and Venezuela
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Llano
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Grassy, treeless plains of southern South America
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Pampas
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Dialects that blend elements of indigenous, European, African, and Asian languages
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Patois
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A city that dominates a country’s economy, culture, and government and in which population is concentrated
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Primate city
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Knotted cords of various lengths and colors used by Incas to keep financial records
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Quipu
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Makeshift communities on the edges of cities
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Shantytown
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Which country has the highest population?
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Brazil 176,500,000
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Which country has the lowest?
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St. Kitts and Nevis 50,000
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Which country is the largest?
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Brazil 3 million sq mi
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Which country is the smallest?
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Grenada 131 sq mi
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Which country has the highest literacy rate?
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Barbados, Cuba 99%
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Which country has the lowest literacy rate?
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Haiti 52%
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Name the major issue of two different countries
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Brazil firearms, Colombia drugs
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How do Latin America’s physical features affect everyday life?
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Mountains are rich in natural resources but block movement/trade, isolate regions, people
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Describe a tropical rainforest
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hot temps, high rainfall, dense forest
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Name a country that has a tropical rainforest climate
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Brazil
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Describe a tropical savanna
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hot, temps, high rainfall, long dry season, grasslands
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Name a country that has a tropical savanna climate
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Brazil
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Describe a steppe
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hot summers, cool winters, light rainfall
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Name a country that has a steppe climate
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Argentina
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Describe a desert
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dry, little rain, sparse vegetation
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Name a country that has a desert climate
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Argentina, Mexico
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Where do most peoples in South America live?
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Along the “populated rim”
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Why do people all live in this one area?
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Good climate, fertile land, easy access to transportation
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In what country did the Inca live?
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Peru
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Name one thing the Inca are known for.
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Quipu, llamas
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Where did the Aztecs live?
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Mexico
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Name one thing the Aztecs are known for.
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Cacao beans, human sacrifice
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Where did the Maya live?
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Mexico
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Name one thing the Maya are known for
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pyramid temples, glyphs, astronomy
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Explain why the people in South America wanted independence
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Rich-European colonists: self-rule, Poor Europeans: more rights, NA and Africans: freedom from slavery
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Compare/contrast the latifundia and minifundia systems.
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latifundia: large, mechanized commercial estates; Minifundia: small subsistence farms; both owned by wealthy landowners
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>What are some challenges that South America faces in managing their natural resources properly? Be sure to mention what causes the challenge, where it occurs, and what South America can do to fix it. (8 sentences)
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Overcrowding cities, too many people in cities, not enough resources, disease, develop smaller cities
