sociology test 4 – Flashcards

religion

monotheism

Karl Marx

the diminished influence and power of religion in society

In cities

urbanization

plentiful number of good-paying, skilled jobs

a housekeeper paid "under the table" (not reported for tax purposes) in suburban communities

75 percent

Christianity, Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, Sikhism, Bahai

A-are due to our genetic makeup. B-are a consequences of our personal choices C- are due to whether one can afford resources such as a healthy diet, medicine and health insurance D-all of the above<

9-10 billion

India

all of the above the social functions that schools provide the relationship between education and social inequality the school as a socializing agent

reinforce the cultural advantages of upper- and middle-class families

All of the above.* blue-collar children are often uncomfortable in a middle-class school environment, so they rebel and are thereby limited to blue-collar jobs when they leave school middle-class children are more accepting of the rules in school than their blue-collar peers and are therefore more apt to succeed working-class children increasingly see the school as not operating in their best interests; therefore, they are eager to get to work and earn money rather than continuing with schooling in many ways, working-class children have a more perceptive attitude toward the organization of the school than do middle-class children, but the latter group sees the school as a vehicle for upward mobility

teaching students to respect authority

Traits of behavior or attitudes that are learned at school but not included in the formal curriculum- for example, gender differences

The advantages that well-to- do parents usually provide their children.

Dividing students into groups that receive different instruction on the basis of assumed similarities in ability or attianment

A set of beliefs adhered to by the members of a community, incorporating symbols regarded with a sense of awe or wonder together with ritual practices. Religions do not universally involve a belief in supernatural entities.

Belief in a single God.

decline of religion

That sense that our own abilities as human beings are taken over by other entities. The term was originally used by Marx to refer to the projection of human powers onto gods. Subsequently he used the term to refer to the loss of workers' control over the nature and products of their labor.

That which inspires attitudes of awe or reverence among believers in a given set of religious ideas

Describing that which belongs to the mundane, everyday world

A field that focuses on how our bodies are affected by social influences. Health and illness, for instance, are determined by social and cultural influences

A term associated with the functionalist Talcott Parsons to describe the patterns of behavior that a sick person adopts in order to minimize the disruptive impact of his illness on others.

Excessive body weight indicated by a body mass index (BMI) over 30

The study of the distribution and incidence of disease and illness within a population

The development of towns and cities

amount of people in a certain area

the system of production and exchange that provides for the material needs of individuals living in a given society.

Economic transactions carried on outside the sphere of orthodox paid employment

A process of urban

The process or act of migrating

The development of social and economic relationships stretching worldwide.

Altercation in basic structures of a social groups or society

The belief that society is no longer governed by history or progress