Sociology Exam 1- Rodgers HU – Flashcards
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The _____ perspective emphasizes the social contexts in which people live.
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Sociological perspective
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The corners in life that people occupy because of their place in a society are referred to as
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social location
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Auguste Comte is credited as being the founder of
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sociology
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The phrase "survival of the fittest" was coined by
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Herbert Spencer
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Karl Marx believed that the engine of human history is
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class conflict
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Durkheim's concept of _____ refers to the degree to which people are tied to their social groups.
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social integration
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According to Max Weber, the central force in social change is
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religion
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Early sociologist and social reformer Jane Addams
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won the Nobel Prize for Peace.
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In _____, symbols are the key to understanding how we look at the world and communicate with one another.
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symbolic interactionism
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In the eyes of _____, society is a whole unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together.
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George Herbert Mead
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Who was the founder of conflict theory?
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Karl Marx
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The language, beliefs, values, norms, and behaviors passed from one generation to the next make up a group's
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culture
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Nonmaterial culture refers to a group's
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ways of thinking and doing.
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One thing that can be said about material culture is that
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there is nothing "natural" about it.
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To try to understand a culture on its own terms is called
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cultural relativism.
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An advantage of knowing a culture's gestures is
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being able to communicate with simplicity.
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The main way people communicate is through
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language.
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The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis states that
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language has ways of looking at the world embedded within it.
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People's _____ are their ideas of what is desirable in life.
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values
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A term for rules of behavior is
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norms.
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Even just the thought of the violation of a _____ fills us with revulsion.
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taboo
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A world within the larger world of the dominant culture is a
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subculture.
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A _____ exists between the value of group superiority and the values of freedom, democracy, and equality.
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value contradiction
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According to reports of _____ children, they walked on all fours, growled, and showed no sensitivity to cold.
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feral
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The term _____ was coined by Charles Cooley.
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looking-glass self
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Apparently, having a reasonable level of _____ depends on early, close relations with other people.
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intelligence
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_____ studied the natural process that children go through to develop their ability to reason.
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Piaget
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The first of Piaget's developmental stages is the _____ stage.
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sensorimotor
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The _____, as viewed by Freud, is the balancing force in our personality.
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ego
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In Freud's terms, culture within us is represented by the
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superego.
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Little Jo got dolls and jewelry for presents. Her brother, Joe, got action figures and toy guns. Such a division in toys and play give children _____ lessons.
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gender
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Individuals and groups that influence our orientations to life are called
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anticipatory socialization.
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_____ refers to learning new norms, values, attitudes, and behaviors to match a new situation in life.
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Resocialization `
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An attempt to remake the self by stripping away an individual's current identity and stamping a new one in its place is
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a degradation ceremony.
