Sociology Chapter 13 – Family & Religion – Flashcards

a social institution found in all societies that unites people in cooperative groups to care for one another, including any children

a social bond based on common ancestry, marriage, or adoption

a legal relationship, usually involving economic cooperation, sexual activity, and childbearing

a family composed of parents and children as well as other kin; also known as a consanguine family

a family composed of one or two parents and their children; also known as a conjugal family

marriage between people of the same social categories

marriage between people of different social categories

marriage that unites two partners.

marriage that unites a person with two or more spouses

One male, many females

One female, many males

A residential pattern where a married couple lives with or near the husband's family

A residential pattern in which a married couple lives with or near the wife's family

a residential pattern in which a married couple lives apart from both sets of parents - Greek for "New Place"

the system by which members of a society trace kinship over generations

a system of tracing descent through the father's side of the family

a system of tracing descent through the mother's side of the family

a system of tracing descent through both the mother's and father's sides of the family

This approach states that the family preforms many vital task. For this reason, the family is sometimes called the "backbone of society" 1 - Socialization 2 - Regulation of sexual activity 3 - Social Placement 4 - Material and emotional security This is also a Macro-Level view.

The family is the first and most important setting for child rearing.

Every culture regulates sexual activity in the interest of maintaining kinship organization and property rights.

A norm forbidding sexual relations or marriage between certain relatives

Families help maintain social organization. Parents at birth pass on their own social identity to their children. This includes race, ethnicity, religion, and social class.

Many view family as a "haven in a heartless world," offering physical protection, emotional support, and financial assistance.

This approach considers the family central to our way of life. But instead of focusing on ways that kinship benefits society, this approach points out how family perpetuates social inequality. This is also a Macro-Level view.

Friedrich Engles traced the origin of the family to men's need to identify heirs so they could hand down property to their sons. Thus they reproduce the class structure in each new generation.

Feminists link the family to patriarchy. Families therefore transform women into the sexual and economic property of men.

Racial and ethnic categories persist over generations only to the degree that people marry others like themselves. Endogamous marriage supports racial and ethnic inequality.

Both the structural-functional and social-conflict approaches view the family as a structural system. By Contrast, micro-level analysis explores how individuals shape and experience family life.

Family living offers and opportunity for intimacy. As family members share many activities and establish trust, they build emotional bonds.

Courtship and marriage is a form of negotiations. Dating allows each person to assess the advantages and disadvantages of a potential spouse. People "shop around" to make the "best deal" the can

Portion of silent and baby boom generations that is simultaneously caring for their own children and one or more elderly family members.

1. Individualism is on the rise 2. Romantic love fades 3. Women are less Dependant on men 4. Many of today's marriages are stressful 5. Divorce has become socially acceptable 6. Legally, a divorce is easier to get

included as an ordinary part of everyday life

set apart as extraordinary, inspiring awe and reverence

a social institution involving beliefs and practices based on recognizing the sacred

Three major functions of religion: 1 - Social Cohesion: It unites people through shared symbolism, values, and norms. 2 - Social control: Society uses religious ideas to promote conformity. Obey cultural norms. 3 - Providing meaning and purpose: Our lives serve some greater purpose. - Emily Durkheim

This view is that religion is socially constructed. People sharpen the distinction between sacred and the profane. Placing our small, brief lives within some "cosmic frame of reference" gives us the appearance of "Ultimate Security" - Peter Berger

This approach emphasizes the power of religion to support social inequality. Many world religions viewed the husband over the wife. or subjected women to mens rule. even the bible have scripture support this.

a religious organization that is well integrated into the larger society

a church formally linked to the state

a church, independent of the state, that recognizes religious pluralism

a religious organization that stands apart from the larger society

extraordinary personal qualities that can infuse people with emotion and turn them into followers

a religious organization that is largely outside a society's cultural traditions.

the importance of religion in a person's life

the historical decline in the importance of the supernatural and the sacred

a conservative religious doctrine that opposes intellectualism and worldly accommodation in favor of restoring traditional, otherworldly religion