Sociology and You Chapter 3 Culture Vocabulary (Glencoe McGraw-Hill) – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Culture
answer
Knowledge, values, customs, and physical objects that are shared by members of a society.
question
Society
answer
A specific territory inhabited by people who share a common culture.
question
Instincts
answer
Innate patterns of behavior.
question
Reflex
answer
An automatic response to physical stimulus.
question
Drive
answer
An impulse to reduce discomfort.
question
Sociobiology
answer
The study of the basis of human behavior.
question
Symbol
answer
A thing that stands for or represents something else.
question
Hypothesis of linguistic relativity
answer
A theory stating that our idea of reality depends largely on language.
question
Norms
answer
Rules defining appropriate and inappropriate behavior.
question
Folkways
answer
Norms that lack moral significance.
question
Mores
answer
Norms that have moral dimensions and that should be followed by members of a society.
question
Taboo
answer
A rule of behavior, the violation of which calls for strong punishment.
question
Law
answer
A norm that is formally defined and enforced by officials.
question
Sanctions
answer
Rewards and punishments used to encourage people to follow norms.
question
Formal sanctions
answer
Sanctions imposed by persons given special authority.
question
Informal sanctions
answer
Rewards or punishments used to encourage people to follow norms.
question
Values
answer
Broad ideas about what is good or desirable shared by people in a society.
question
Nonmaterial culture
answer
Ideas, knowledge, and beliefs that influence people's behavior.
question
Beliefs
answer
Ideas about the nature of society.
question
Material culture
answer
The concrete, tangible objects of a culture.
question
Ideal culture
answer
Cultural guidelines that group members claim to accept.
question
Real culture
answer
Actual behavior patterns of members of a group.
question
Social categories
answer
Groupings of people who share a social characteristic.
question
Subculture
answer
A group that is part of the dominant culture but that differs from it in some important respects.
question
Counter culture
answer
A subculture deliberately and consciously opposed to certain beliefs or attitudes of the dominant culture.
question
Ethnocentrism
answer
Judging others in terms of one's own cultural standards.
question
Cultural universals
answer
General cultural traits that exist in all cultures.
question
Cultural particulars
answer
The ways in which a culture expresses universal traits.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New