question

What do symbolic interactionists study?

answer

shared meaning

question

The author of your text states that the most age-segregated social institution in our society is a:

answer

four-year college

question

The functionalist paradigm went largely unchallenged in the United States until about the 1950s. C. Wright Mills criticized Talcott Parsons for:

answer

supporting the dominant class structure and the inequalities associated with it

question

Which area within the discipline of anthropology is most similar to sociology?

answer

cultural anthropology

question

According to Comte, positivism arose out of a need to make ____________ sense of the social order in a time of declining religious authority.

answer

moral

question

Robert Merton's modern sociological theory focused on attempting to predict how certain social institutions function between microsociology and macrosociology. This is known as:

answer

midrange theory

question

Karl Marx would argue that the types of social institutions in a society were the result of the economic makeup of that society. Max Weber, however, argued that:

answer

there are multiple influences (e.g., religion) on how social institutions are created.

question

Morris Company changed its name to Altria in an attempt to start a new:

answer

social identity

question

Which early U.S. sociologist told other sociologists in the Chicago School to "go out and get the seats of [their] pants dirty in real research"?

answer

Robert Park

question

Which of the following lists the individuals known as "the founding fathers of the sociological discipline"?

answer

Durkheim, Marx, and Weber

question

The examination of human behavior within a rational actor model is the focus of which of the following "cousins" of sociology?

answer

economics

question

After doing some sociological math, the net difference between the annual earnings of the average high school versus college graduate is about ____________ per year.

answer

$20,000

question

Which of the following focuses its analyses on face-to-face encounters and interactions?

answer

microsociology

question

Which of the following founders of sociology is known, in part, for his writings providing the theoretical foundation of Communism?

answer

Karl Marx

question

Two words that might describe the difference between conflict theory and functionalism are:

answer

competition versus consensus

question

The Division of Labor in Society was the first of many sociological contributions from:

answer

Émile Durkheim

question

Sociology is the study of:

answer

group-level dynamics and social structures

question

Max Weber would say we need to understand from their perspective, not from our own, why many generations of Chinese sleep together in rural China. He called this:

answer

Verstehen

question

A family, as a group of people living together and sharing individual stories, makes up a ____________ institution.

answer

social

question

Sociologists and economists have shown that the benefits of higher education include higher median incomes for college graduates. This is known as:

answer

the returns to schooling

question

American sociology in the United States began at which of the following universities?

answer

University of Chicago

question

Some postmodern sociologists work to show us how all "facts" are created arbitrarily by people with varying degrees of power. This is known as:

answer

deconstructing social phenomena

question

To Marx, conflict between a small number of capitalists and a large number of workers would divide society. He referred to this large number of workers as:

answer

proletariat

question

According to Randall Collins's (1979) research, the expansion of higher education is:

answer

a result of credentialism and expenditures on formal education

question

Erving Goffman used the language of theater to describe how people present themselves in everyday social life. This is known as:

answer

dramaturgical theroy

question

The social institution that comprises all colleges and universities would possibly be made up of a series of stories within these social networks (choose all that apply):

answer

the wage labor market standardized screening test services K-12 schooling the legal system

question

The chapter notes that Duke University has changed its name twice and yet remains the same institution, and that the tobacco company Philip Morris changed its name to Altria in order to remake itself into a different institution. These two examples explore the idea of social identity as

answer

a collection of individual stories told between individuals

question

Auguste Comte developed very early ideas about sociology at a time when concern for proper behavior was a dominant part of life. A major part of his approach revolved around the idea of a secular morality. What aspect of life at that time would likely have made acceptance of Comte's ideas difficult?

answer

the predominance of religion in daily life

question

How does sociology differ from other disciplines? Match the characteristic of the discipline on the right with the characteristics listed on the left.

answer

focus on the individual---psychology strong focus on casual mechanisms at the ultra-individual level---anthropology generally concerned with the uniqueness of phenomena---history assumes underlying rationality of human behavior---economics tends to focus on particular circumstances with a slightly narrower array of methods---biology strongly focused on power and power relations---political science

question

One of the difficult problems faced by many colleges and universities is the increase in binge drinking on campus. Pretend you are part of a group seeking to develop approaches to understanding and reducing this problem. Putting on your sociology hat, you suggest to the group that it would useful to understand the meaning placed on the binge-drinking parties, and thereby develop solutions based on an understanding of the experience itself. Your approach uses the methodology embodied in

answer

interpetive sociology

question

An interesting innovation created quite a stir in 2003. The Schipol airport in Amsterdam fitted the men's restrooms with urinals that had a detailed picture of a fly on the inner wall. The idea was to reduce the mess - and it worked. In order to understand how this could work, the company that made the urinals would have had to do some careful research - focus groups, interviews, and the like - and apply the methods of what kind of sociology?

answer

microsociology

question

Sociology is distinct from other academic disciplines in its attempt to

answer

detect patterns in how different societies respond to similar phenomena

question

Gender, a topic that will be covered in greater detail in the chapters ahead, frequently poses a challenge to many, even leading to violent reactions. Seeing someone dressed as a male who also has obvious, visible secondary sex characteristics such as breasts and yet insists on using the personal pronoun he is a good example of how meaning is subjective. This is an example of

answer

postmodernism

question

Another early sociological writer, Harriet Martineau, wrote a book in 1838 that examined the institution of marriage and the assumptions about women's inferiority. In this respect, Martineau adopted what kind of theoretical position in her writing?

answer

feminist

question

Using the sociological imagination helps sociologists

answer

develop the ability to see the connections between our own experience and the larger forces of history

question

Which of the following is an example of using one's sociological imagination?

answer

thinking about why people in a particular country greet each other in a certain way

question

The Chicago School of American Sociology emphasized the importance of

answer

the social environment in shaping people's behavior and personality

question

Examining the interactions between people with a focus on how the people talk, dress, and use body language is an example of which theory?

answer

symbolic interactionism

question

Match the early thinker with the idea. 1. Science is used to predict human behavior 2. Class conflict drives social change 3. The division of labor has social and moral consequences 4. Sociologists must understand the meaning people attach to their actions 5. This thinker translated the work of others and wrote the first book on sociological method 6. The sense of self and identity are influenced by 7. This thinker developed formal definitions for small and large groups

answer

. 1. Auguste Comte 2. W.E.B. DuBois 3. Karl Marx 4. Max Weber 5. Harriet Martineay 6. Emile Durkheim 7. Georg Simmel

question

Justin decides to conduct research for a class project by recording and assessing how public transit companies can persuade people to take a public bus to and from work. Which type of sociology is this?

answer

macrosociology

question

Which of the following American sociologists applied Émile Durkheim's theory of anomie to explain African American crime rates?

answer

W. E. B. DuBois

question

Which of the following is an example of an application of midrange theory?

answer

exploring the role of churches in rural areas

question

In her interview with Dalton Conley Julia Adams talks about the differences between sociology and history. As a self-identified historical comparative sociologist, Adams makes the point that sociologists are less concerned with uniqueness than they are with commonalities. Consider Henry the VIII of England during the mid-1500s. Henry's succession of marriages - six wives in all - is often seen as a unique case. Six wives is a lot, and by many European standards, it is a unique case. A sociologist, however, might well look at it by considering the ways in which Henry's marriages

answer

affected religious life in England then and now

question

Adekunle enters a clothing store and a security guard immediately notices him and follows his actions on a security monitor. Adekunle is aware of the security guard's actions and adjusts his own behavior to avoid a potential confrontation. This is an example of which sociological concept?

answer

double consciousness

question

Every four years, the United States elects a new president. The entire process of swearing in and recognition of the new office holder is an elaborate ceremony, with a great deal of symbol and pomp. Despite the enormous expenditure of time and resources, we continue to hold this ceremony, suggesting it has a crucial purpose in our society. A sociological examination of this particular American rite might well apply ideas from what branch of sociological theory?

answer

functionalism

question

Allison is concerned with the messages that her little sister receives from her elementary school teacher about suitable careers. For example, class lessons portray nurses and secretaries as female but doctors and engineers as male. Allison's concerns reflect her own outlook as a

answer

feminist

question

In an attempt to better understand the experience in college - that of the students as well as the teachers - you ask a professor for the chance to lead the class without her being in the room. Your professor grants your request. "Thinking sociologically," this follows the methodology proposed and developed by which of the following early sociologists?

answer

Max Weber

Sociology 111 chap 1 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards