question

The significance of a sociological imagination is that

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Sociologists attempt to understand personal events in social contexts

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According to the sociological perspective, people's behavior

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Is influenced by the social context

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What does the term sociological structure refer to?

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A social force that enable or constrains human behavior

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The norms, beliefs and values that we learn through socialization make _______________ possible?

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Social order

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Which of the following is the initial guide in influencing the direction of sociological research?

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Theory

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The study of everyday life and face-to-face interaction is called?

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Microsociology

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What did Emile Durkheim call aspects of social life that shape our individual actions?

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Social structure

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Which early theorist saw class conflict as a main source of social change?

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Karl Marx

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What played a fundamental role in developing the capitalistic outlook according to Max Weber?

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Religious values

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Which of the following is a good example of micro-sociology?

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Studying the social interactions in a coffee shop.

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Socialization is the lifelong process through which we learn all of the following EXCEPT:

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Our genetic potential

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According to Durkheim, social structure

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acts as a mechanism of soial constraint

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Analysis of large-scale and long-term processes is known as

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macro-sociology

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What is it called when we "think ourselves away" from the familiar routine to see things sociologically?

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A sociological imagination

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According to Durkheim, sociologists may study social facts, which are

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aspects of social life that influence our behavior

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According to Karl Marx, the modern era is shaped by

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capitalism

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Which sociologist showed that social factors influence suicidal behavior?

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Emile Durkheim

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According to Durkheim, society is

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greater than the sum of its parts

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Behavior that is oriented toward self-interest is often called

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instrumental or rational action

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Which theoretical perspective holds that grand narratives that give meaning to history in the past no longer make sense?

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postmodernism

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According to postmodern theory

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society is highly pluralistic and diverse

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What would a symbolic interactionist say is involved in nearly all social interactions?

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an exchange of symbols

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Which sociologist connected social analysis to social reform?

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W.E.B. DuBois

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This aspect of social organization can create problems for democratic participation according to Max Weber.

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bureaucracy

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According to Weber, economic factors are important to social change in society. Other factors involved in social change are

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ideas and values

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According to Marxian analysis, which social group makes up the largest component of society?

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wage workers

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According to Durkheim, organic solidarity is

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when the institutions of society function as a whole.

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According to Durkheim, the rapid process of social change gives rise to many social difficulties that he linked to

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anomie

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We can say that something is socially constructed when it is based on

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social context

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Which theorists examined society in terms of the history of class struggles?

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Karl Marx

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In his work on Suicide, Durkheim relied on which research method for his study?

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government demographic data

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Once a researcher has identified a social problem, then they should

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review the literature

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For a survey sample to accurately reflect the characteristics of the study population, it must be

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represetative

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If college students who live with their parents are less likely to binge drink than students who live in dormitories, what is the dependent variable in this hypothesis?

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binge drinking

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Which of these is a prerequisite to good sociological research?

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good sociological questions

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Which research method would be best suited if you wanted to learn how Mercer students feel about smoking?

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survey and interviews

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Any sociological research that involves human subjects poses an

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ethical dilemma and need for their consent

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The more education one has, the greater the earning potential. The proceeding sentence represents a

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correlation between two variables

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If one event or situation produces another, the two are said to have a

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casual relationship

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There are many different types of variables. A variable that produces an effect on an outcome variable is called

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independent variable

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The strongest sociological research begins with social problems that

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are puzzles; meaning a gap in our understanding

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Which research method is best if you wanted a large representative sample of people's attitude toward marriage?

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survey

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Developing a questionnaire to test a few subjects to find potential problems before conducting the full study is called

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a pilot study

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The main purpose of deriving a sample population is to

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select a set of people representative of the population

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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of scientific research?

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narrow range of appropriate topics

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All sociological research on human subjects impose an

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ethical dilemma of consent

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A researcher studying the homeless decides to live among them. This is an example of which type of research method?

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ethnography

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A limitation of ethnographic research is that

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findings are not generalizable

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Sociology is considered a legitimate science because it employs

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scientific method; goals of objectivity; empirical observations

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Jamal wants to study eating disorders and is presently interviewing subjects. What stage of the research process is he at?

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carry out the research

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Culture consists of

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values; norms; material goods

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Definite principles or rules of behavior that people are expected to observe are called

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norms

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helpful image that describes culture is that of

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a total way of life; a coping mechanism of practices; a tool kit

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The concept of culture as used by sociologists includes

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marriage customs and family life; higher life of the mind such as art and literature; social guidelines for behavior

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Human behavior and cultural beliefs

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vary widely from culture to culture

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Judging another culture by the standards of your own is known as

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ethnocentrism

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Features that are found in virtually all societies are called

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cultural universals

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All cultures of the world possess

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language; some form of family system; prohibitions against incest

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Smaller segments of the population with their own unique patterns of behavior are called

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subcultures

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Body piercings and tattoos are an expression of

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semiotics

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Define norms

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conforming to social expectations

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The physical objects a culture creates are known as

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material artifacts

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Society differs from culture in that society is

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a system of interconnected human relationships

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Socio-biologists believe that

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social life is rooted in genes and culture

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Calling an Amish farmer backward for tilling his field with a horse and plow is an example of

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ethnocentrism

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Which of the following constitute a sub-culture?

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high school students who hang out at malls; rock and roll musicians; motorcycle bikers who ride a Harley

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What are semiotics?

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the analysis of non-verbal cultural meanings

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The idea that you should wait your turn in line to pay your bill when shopping is an example of a

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norm

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Which of the following best explains why different groups of people create different cultures?

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people learn to adapt to their surroundings

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Which of the following is NOT associated with industrialization

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empires

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Children learn the ways of their elders; thereby perpetuating values, norms and practices. This process is

answer

socialization

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Jean Piaget's theory of child development is based on

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stages of cognitive development

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For humans to be socialized, children must have

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regular social interaction with adults

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Sociologists have developed alternative theories of child development; however, all theories of socialization hold that

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human contact is critically important

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Which of the following is an agent of socialization?

answer

Jackson Elementary School; parents and grandparents; MTV and Cartoon Network

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Which of the following is the most important agent of childhood socialization?

answer

the family

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Which type of television show shows the highest number of violent acts per episode?

answer

cartoons

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Why is it difficult for parents to raise their kids in a non-sexist way?

answer

traditional gender roles are reproduced in everyday life

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According to Carol Gilligan's research on gender roles, what motivates women to be successful?

answer

helping others and building relationships

question

Social reproduction

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is the process in which society's structures continue

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George Herbert Mead's analysis of child development emphasizes

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a sense of self

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According to Mead, the socialization process occurs in three stages: the "I" stage, the "me" stage, and the

answer

generalized other stage

question

The belief that individuals adopt social roles in which they are placed ignores the idea that

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social roles are negotiated and flexible

question

What is identity in the sociological sense

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understanding who we are and what is meaningful; a characteristics we share with others; a set of characteristics unique to us

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What is the difference between social and self-identity?

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social identity focuses on similarities while self-identity focuses on individual differences

question

Chodorow's theory of gender development suggests that women are more sensitive than men because

answer

women remain emotionally closer to their mother

question

According to Mead, children develop a sense of self by

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imitating other people

question

Sociologists often speak of two types of identity; they are

answer

social identity and self-identity

question

Nancy Chodrow's theory of gender development focuses on the emotional attachment of the child to his/her _______

answer

mother

question

Which of the following is NOT true of the stages of the life course which individuals pass through?

answer

stages are more psychological than sociological

Socio Exam 1 Quizzes

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