Social Structure & Personality
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Sociology
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Is the study of society.
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Sociologist
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Look at society using both macro- and micro- levels of analysis.
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Breaching experiment
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Experiments that violate the established social order to assess how people construct social reality.
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Culture
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A society's set of unique patterns of behaviors and beliefs.
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Ethnomethodology
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A method of studying society through observation of peoples typical day to day interactions.
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Group processes
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A perspective within sociological social psychology that examines how basic social processes operate in group context.
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Macrosociology
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The study of large scale social processes
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Microsociology
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The study of the effects of society on social psychological processes and the ways in which individuals participate in the construction and maintenance of society.
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Organizations
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Groups that share a common purpose and contain a formal set of rules and authority structure.
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Psychology
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The study of human thought processes and behaviors
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Roles
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A set of expectations about how to behave, think, or feel
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Social institutions
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Patterns of interactions in which behavior within a large group is guided by a common set of norms and roles.
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Social norms
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The rules that regulate our behavior
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Social psychology
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The systematic study of peoples thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in social context.
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Social structure
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Persistent patterns of behavior and interaction between people within identified social positions.
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Social structure and personality
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A perspective within sociological social psychology that focuses on the connection between larger societal conditions and the individual.
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Sociological imagination
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The ability to see personal lives in the context of the lather society- it's history, culture, and social structure.
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Sociology
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The systematic study of society.
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Status
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A persons position in a group of society that is associated with varying levels of prestige and respect.
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Symbolic interactionism
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A perspective within sociological social psychology that emphasizes the study of how people negotiate the meaning of social life during their interactions with other people.
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Values
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Deeply held ideals and beliefs
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What do psychologist and sociological social psychologist study?
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Both psychological and sociological social psychologist study the social contexts of human thought, feelings, and behaviors.
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Sociologist also apply....
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the perspectives and methods of the field of sociology to the study of social psychology.
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History of sociology...
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Sociology 1st defined in 1838 by the French social philosopher Auguste Comte, who applied the principles of the scientific method of society.
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Founders of sociological social psychology
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George Herbert Mead, W. E. B. Dubois, William Thomas, Charles Horton Cooley, and George Simmel.
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3 major perspectives in sociological social psychology:
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Symbolic interactionism, social structure and personality, and group processes.
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Agency
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the ability to act and think independent from the constraints imposed by social conditions.
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Chicago school of symbolic interactionism
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a perspective within symbolic interactionism that focuses on understanding the social processes involved in a given situation rather than trying to quantify and predict peoples thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
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cognitive sociology
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the study of the effects of society on our thinking processes.
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collective behavior
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the action or behavior of people in groups or crowds.
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components principle
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within the social structure and personality perspective, the ability to identify the elements or components of society most likely to affect a given attitude or behavior.
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dyad
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a 2 person group
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framing
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the process by which individuals transform the meaning of a situation using basic cognitive structures provided by society.
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group
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interactions that involve more than one person
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Iowa and Indiana schools of symbolic interactionism
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a perspective within symbolic interactionism that focuses on the quantitative study of social interaction processes because of the stable nature of social life and the self.
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Justice
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perceptions that a social arrangement or distraction is fair.
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language
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a series of symbols that can be combined in various ways to create new meanings.
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legitimacy
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the perception that a social arrangement or position is the way that things should be.
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power
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the ability to obtain what we desire in a group despite resistance.
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primacy group
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people we are close to and interact with regularly
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proximity principle
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element of the social structure and personality perspective referring to how people are affected by social structure through their immediate social environment.
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psychology principle
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element of the social structure and personality perspective referring to how individuals internalize proximal experiences.
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reference groups
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people we look to as a source of standards and identity
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secondary groups
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people we affiliate with to achieve common goals or meet common needs.
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small groups
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2 or more persons (generally, not more than 20) engaged in or capable of face to face interaction.
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social construction of reality
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the process by which we use symbols and language to give meaning and value to objects and people.
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social forces
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any way in which society compels individuals to act in accordance with an external norm, rule, or demand.
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social networks
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a series of relationships among individuals and groups.
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social scripts
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the appropriate thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that should be displayed in a particular social frame.
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society
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in symbolic interactionism, the network of interaction between people.
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status
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a position in a group based on esteem or respect
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symbol
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anything that has a similar meaning for 2 or more individuals.
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thomas theorem
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theorem stating that when people define situations as real, the consequences of those situations become real.
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triad
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a 3 person group.
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symbolic interactionism
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the study of how people negotiate meaning during their interactions with others.
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social structure and personality perspective
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emphasizes how social structure affects individuals within a society.
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structural forces include
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status, roles, and social networks
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group processes perspective
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focuses on interactions that occur within groups, characteristics of groups, and relationships among groups.
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Processes studied by those in group processes perspective
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power, status, justice, and legitimacy
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a groups behavior is influenced by
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structural conditions, including its size and its function.
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group research focuses on
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structure or on other aspects of group processes, such as the relationship between groups and the behavior of larger groups of people, called collective behavior.
