Social Psychology Chapters 1-5 – Flashcards
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social psychology
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the scientific study of how individuals think feel and behave in a social context.
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interactionist perspective
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emphasized the dynamic interplay of internal and external factors
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social cognition
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the study of how we perceive, remember and interpret information about ourselves and others
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social neuroscience
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the study of the relationship between neural and social processes
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behavioral genetics
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a subfield of psychology that examines the role of genetic factors in behavior
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evolutionary psychology
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a subfield of psychology that uses the principles of evolution to understand human social behavior
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culture
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a system of enduring meanings, beliefs, values, assumptions, institutions and practices shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next
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cross-cultural research
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research designed to compare and contrast people of different cultures
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multicultural research
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research designed to examine racial and ethnic groups within cultures
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hypothesis
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a testable prediction about the conditions under which an event will occur
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theory
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an organized set of principles used to explain observed phenomena
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basic research
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research whose goal is to increase the understanding of human behavior, often by testing hypotheses based on a theory.
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applied research
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research whose goals are to enlarge the understanding of naturally occurring events and to find solutions to practical problems
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operational definition
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the specific procedures for manipulating or measuring a conceptual variable
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construct validity
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the extent to which the measures used in a study measure the variables they were designed to measure and the manipulations in an experiment manipulate the variables they were designed to manipulate
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bogus pipeline technique
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a procedure in which participants are led to believe that their responses will be verified by an infallible lie detector
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interrater reliability
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the degree to which different observes agree on their observations
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random sampling
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a method of selection in which everyone in a population has an equal chance of being selected for the sample.
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correlational research
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research designed to measure the association between variables that are not manipulated by the researcher
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experiment
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a form of research that can demonstrate causal relationships because 1 the experimenter has control over the events that occur and 2 participants are randomly assigned to conditions
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random assignment
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a method of assigning participants to the various conditions of an experiment so that each participant in the experiment has an equal chance of being in any of the conditions
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independent variable
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in an experiment a factor that experimenters manipulate to see if it affects the dependent variable
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dependent variable
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in an experiment a factor that experiments measure to see if it is affected by the independent variable
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subject variable
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a variable that exists with pre-exisiting differences among the participants in the study
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internal validity
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the degree to which there can be reasonable certainty that the independent variables in an experiment caused the effects obtained on the dependent variable
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experimenter expectancy effects
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the effects produced when an experimenter's expectations about the results of an experiment affect his or her behavior toward a participant and thereby influence the participants response.
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external validity
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the degree to which there can be reasonable confidence that the results of a study would be obtained for other people and in other situations
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mundane realism
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the degree to which the experimental situation resembles places and events in the real world
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experimental realism
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the degree to which experimental procedures are involving to participants and lead them to behave naturally and spontaneously
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deception
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in the context of research, the method that provides false information to participants
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confederate
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accomplice of an experimenter who in dealing with the real participants in an experiment, acts as if she or he is a participant as well
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meta analysis
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a set of statistical procedures used to review a body of evidence by combining the results of individual studies to measure the overall reliability and strength of particular effects
