Social Context of Aging module 2 – Flashcards

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The _________ generation family is becoming common in the current population.
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3
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The baby boomers will be the first cohort in history that has less offspring than siblings.
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True
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In elderly women's friendship networks,
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the essential elements of friendship—understanding, affection, trust, and acceptance—endure over time.
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Religion is the fundamental motive for living of the intrinsically religious.
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False
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Bonds between ____________ tend to be second only to mother-child ties in intensity and complexity.
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siblings
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Marriages are likely to last 40 to 70 years.
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False
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The typical time for becoming a grandparent is old age.
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False
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Women are more likely than men to look forward to the role of grandparent.
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True
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Religiosity refers to
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interaction with organized religion.
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People age 65 or older are
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most likely of any age group to belong to church-affiliated organizations.
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A review of previous research on sibling contact reveals
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siblings generally maintain contact with each other.
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What are some of the factors that discourage remarriage in old age?
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all of these choices
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In terms of level of obligation within the family, sibling ties are more binding than that of marriage of parent to child.
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False
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Having more sisters in a family
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increases the level of care to the parents.
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Studies of convoys found
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some people drop out and others join the convoy after it has begun.
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Elders benefit from services of religious groups that minister to the needs of the sick, frail, disabled, and homebound.
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True
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Which statement is correct about senior centers?
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There will soon be one in every community.
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The femaleness principle refers to the
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more central roles of women in the network of unmarried people.
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Legal visitation rights between grandparents and grandchildren
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are generally permitted if provisions for visiting the grandparents were made prior to the divorce.
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Studies of grandparents whose children have divorced show
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about half were friendly with their child's former spouse.
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At any age which health problems interfere with sexual function?
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diabetes, alcoholism, and anxiety
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Lopata identified 4 stages of widowhood. Which of the following is not one of them?
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episodes of crying
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Greater knowledge about sexuality and later life is associated with more permissive sexual attitudes.
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True
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A friend is an achieved relationship.
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True
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In _______ of all married-couple households, at least one spouse had a previous marriage that ended in divorce or widowhood.
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1/3
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Research on sexuality shows
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sexuality is central to our lives even in chronic illness or death of a spouse.
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Research indicates which of the following regarding widowhood?
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Friends can offer useful support by not trying to speed recovery and a new identity for the recent widow.
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Which of the following illustrates gender differences upon the loss of a spouse?
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Males become more aware and appreciative of friends and relationships.
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A study of homosexual households found that
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same-sex couples have more effective conflict resolution skills
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Studies cited in your text showed that post-divorce and despair was greater the longer the marriage.
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True
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A study of body attitudes and self-esteem found
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Body image was unrelated to self-esteem.
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Studies show no elderly live together without being married.
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False
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Gender comparisons of marriage and widowhood statuses reveal
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two-thirds of women over age 75 are widows.
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The concept of ____________ refers to the need to be close to, part of, and familiar with another person.
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intimacy
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Which of the following widows are likely to suffer the most from the death of her spouse?
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a woman in a traditional marriage
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There has been a positive shift in attitude toward gay marriage since the 1950's.
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True
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Which of the following is an aspect of the process, in contrast to the structure, of friendship relationships?
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the activities conducted
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From his classic and landmark studies of sexuality, Kinsey concluded that
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rate of sexual activity gradually declines with age.
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Studies of caregiving for a spouse found
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caregiving of a spouse with cognitive impairment can demonstrate a gift of love that is deeply satisfying for both parties.
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A longitudinal study of widowhood found that
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both married elders and long term widowed men and women suffered more loneliness than married individuals.
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Leisure pursuits in the U.S.
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are becoming more accepted as worthwhile.
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Sixty-five became the age for retirement when
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the Social Security Act was passed in 1935.
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Women are said to be mainly segregated in which occupations?
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sales, service, and clerical
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The age category that has suffered the most from corporate downsizing is ages
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45 to 55.
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Trends in labor force participation from 1970 to 1995 show ______________ in labor force participation of the elderly.
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a precipitous drop
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A nationwide study that examined work choices of those who retired found
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retirees either return to work swiftly (within four years) or not at all.
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Under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act
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all early retirements must be voluntary.
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"Third-age retirement" is characterized by
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creative activities.
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"Outplacement companies"
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are programs that offer assistance to laid-off employees.
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In France, "third age" refers to the third stage of life in which the body begins to degenerate.
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False
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From 1950 to 1990, the median retirement age dropped from 67 to 63.
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True
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"The mommy track" refers to
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women entering the labor force and then leaving it upon the birth of a child.
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The Pew Research results showed that American workers were inclined to delay retirement
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the retirement income lost based on the recent recession.
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The most important factor in adjustment to retirement is
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financial condition and physical being.
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A study of beliefs about older workers found
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younger supervisors may have lower expectations of older workers.
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According to your text, labor force growth is due to
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more minority participation, middle aged workers, and older women in the workforce.
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A Gallop Poll in 1936 showed that there was a belief that wives of employed husbands shouldn't work.
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True
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Most baby boomers say they would like to retire at age
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55
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Layoffs are illegal when they are used to
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eliminate employees who are highly compensated.
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The following is true of income distribution in late life
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Hispanic women are less likely to live in poverty
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Many working women receive none of the money they paid into Social Security.
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True
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Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
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provides a minimum income for elders, the blind, and the disabled.
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It has been projected that by the year 2030, there will be _______ million individuals 65 and older in the United States.
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72
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In the early 1900s , elders tended to invest in saving accounts, bonds, and stocks, which were profitable until the recession hit and lowered the interest rates.
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True
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Which of the following is a factor that contributes to inadequate pension benefits?
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leaving a job before 30 years of service and job changes
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The major source of income of older adults include:
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Social Security, private pension, assets, and investments
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The United States was the first nation to introduce a major public system of social insurance against old-age dependence.
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False
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Medigap policies are
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policies sold by private companies to provide health care protection that Medicare does not provide.
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Compared to 401(k)s and Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), traditional company pensions
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guarantee retirees a specific income based on salary and length of employment.
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All of the following are changes that have been made to help restore the fiscal health of the Social Security system EXCEPT
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The earliest eligibility age (for early retirees) has been increased.
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In a reverse mortgage, the borrower
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increases indebtness while drawing down the equity in the home.
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Subjective feelings have allowed some individuals to be satisfied with low income, while others are dissatisfied with higher incomes.
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True
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Problems of unequal access of people in worsening health have been found in the _________ model of medical service.
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Health Maintenance Organization (HMO)
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______ of elderly blacks and elderly Hispanics were poor in 1996 compared to one of every 11 elderly whites.
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1/4
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Which statement is correct regarding older Americans in the 1900s?
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They were poor or near poor.
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Which of the following categories of elderly are LEAST likely to be in poverty?
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men
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Which of the following are covered by Medicare?
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acute hospital care
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Congress established Medicare to pay for
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a portion of medical expenses due to the most serious illnesses.
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The culture of poverty refers to
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the hopelessness and despair in poverty subcultures
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The proportion of men in the nation's homeless population is increasing.
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False
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In an AARP study, the most common reason older people gave for relocating was
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wanting to be closer to family.
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In 2006, over half of the people over age 65 in the US lived in
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9 States
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Migration studies of elders show that
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Florida is the state with the highest percentage of elders
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A study of homeless in the Bowery skid-row area of New York found
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about half had been living on the streets for 3 years
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The majority of nursing home residents have disabling mental health conditions.
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True
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An SRO hotel is a
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cheap, single-room occupancy hotel, apartment or rooming house
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When being forcibly relocated, the elderly must reinterpret feelings of
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All of these choices
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An adult day care center
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provides medical and social services.
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Older homeowners spend a larger percentage of their income on house maintenance.
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True
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Most nursing home residents come to the facility from
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a medical hospital
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Profits in nursing homes through padding the bills is possible on the reimbursement plan called
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cost plus.
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Among older Americans, single men have the poorest housing.
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True
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Compared with other industrialized nations, the United States has been quicker to acknowledge the housing needs of its older citizens and offer the needed housing options.
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False
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The National Older Adults Housing Survey (2005) found
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safety, convenience, and proximity to medical facilities were important in selecting housing
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"Gang visits" by doctors are most common in flat rate reimbursement plans for nursing homes.
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False
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A naturally occurring retirement community (NORC) refers to
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buildings or neighborhoods where the residents have aged over the years.
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The typical nursing home patient is
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a white, widowed female over age 80
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Generally speaking, the more dependent a new lifestyle for the elderly, the more difficult the adjustment.
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True
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A first move for the elderly typically occurs
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around retirement for the young-old
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