SOC101 sux – Flashcards
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capacity to think systematically about how many things that we experience as personal problems are really social issues that are widely shared by others born in a similar time and social location as us
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sociological imagination
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People in our society tend to think of themselves in terms of their individuality, but we are also all products of our __________, such as the time and place we live and the family we were born into.
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social contexts
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large group of people who live in the same area and participate in a common culture
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society
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study of societies and the social worlds that individuals inhabit within them
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sociology
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2 key concepts to understanding social context
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social interaction, social structure
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overarching frameworks that suggest certain assumptions about how the world works
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social theories
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quantitative research relies on?
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stat analysis of data
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qualitative research relies on?
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words, observations, pictures
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when research questions have more to do with how people interact and less with how they say they interact, what research method is best?
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ethnographic observations
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an apparent relationship between two factors that has the appearance of linkage, but in reality, does not
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spurious relationship
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strangers ignore each other to an appropriate degree when their paths cross in public spaces
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civil inattention
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What part does the looking-glass self play in our determination of identity and self-worth?
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we see ourselves as we imagine others see us
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process by which we come to understand the expectations, rules, and norms of the society in which we live
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socialization
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positions in society
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status
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expected behaviors for those statuses
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roles
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processes through which we manage our settings, dress actions, and gestures to correspond with the impression we are trying to make
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impression management
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how quickly does social structure tend to change?
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slowly over time
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what 2 components make up social structure?
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social hierarchy, social institutions
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capacity of individuals to make free choices and exert free will
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agency
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T or F: social hierarchies in the US include race, class, gender, and sexual orientation
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true
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T or F: culture is relatively constant throughout time
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false
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culture is an aspect of social life different from biology
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true
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leads to incorrect assumptions about other cultures based on our own experience
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ethnocentrism
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the idea that cultural meanings and practices must be evaluated in their own social contexts
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cultural relativism
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symbols, language, rituals, norms, and values
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culture
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conflict is not necessary for power to exist; powerless embrace ideas of the powerful even when it is not in their interest to do so
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3d view of power
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one party prevents conflict
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2d view of power
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one party prevails because other party has few resources to win open conflicts
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1d view of power
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T or F: in comparison with other countries, US employers have fewer employment regulations to adhere to and relatively weaker labor unions with whom conditions of work have to be negotiated
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true
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the process by which similar organizations adopt similar rules and procedures
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organizational isomorphism
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A strong resistance to change.
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structural inertia
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T or F: a general critique of the urban ecology perspective is that it fails to consider the role of political and economic forces that affect the development of cities
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true
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key locations for leading industries, centers of production and centers of innovative financial services from which business and organization exercise global command and control
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global cities
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resources available to individuals through their relationships and networks
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social capital
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study of social inequality and the distribution of goods, resources, and power
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social stratification
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25% children in the US live in a household that receives food stamps
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food insecurity
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the federal poverty line is too high or low?
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too low
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A group of human beings distinguished by physical traits
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race
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Identity with a group of people that share cultural traditions.
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ethnicity
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race is a social phenomenon created by individuals and shaped by social forces
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social construct
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Adopting the traits of another culture. Often happens over time when one immigrates into a new country.
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assimilation
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The percentage of black men who have been incarcerated is ______ to their percentage representation in the pop at large
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disproportionate
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people whose gender identity or expression differs from that associated with their birth sex
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transgender
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treating heterosexual behaviors as the only "normal" or "correct" way to behave sexually. ignores/erases LGBTQ experiences
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heteronormativity
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A socially and culturally constructed set of distinctions between male and female sets of behaviors that is promoted and expected by society
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gender
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how males and females differ in terms of anatomy, chromosomes, and hormones
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sex
