SOC Chapter 8 – Flashcards
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Majority (dominant) Groups
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one that is advantaged and has superior resources and rights in society.
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Minority (subordinate) Groups
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group of people that has unequal access of things in society; usually targets of prejudice and discrimination.
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Ethnic Groups
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culturally distinctive characteristics based on race, religion, or national origin.
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Environmental Racism
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the disproportionate exposure of some racial groups to toxic substances.
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Scapegoating
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blaming an innocent person or a group for one's own troubles.
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Racial Profiling
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singling out an individual as a suspect due to appearance of ethnicity.
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Deficiency Theories
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Explanations that view the secondary status of minorities as the result of their own behaviors and cultural traits.
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Structural Discrimination Theories
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Explanations that focus on the institutionalized patterns of discrimination as the sources of the secondary status of minorities.
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De Facto
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existing in fact whether with lawful authority or not.
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De Jure
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by law.
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Racial Stratification
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system of inequality in which race is a major criterion for rank and rewards.
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Individual Racism
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Overt acts by individuals that harm members of another race.
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Institutional Racism
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Established and customary social arrangements that exclude on the basis of race.
