SOC 112 Exam 2 – Flashcards
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At what age does a woman's chance of getting pregnant begin to decline?
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27 years old
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What are the odds of getting pregnant each month for a 25-year-old?
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25%
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By what age are half of a woman's eggs are chromosomally abnormal?
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40 years old
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What are the odds of getting pregnant each month for a 35-year-old?
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8%
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What are the odds of getting pregnant each month for a 30-year-old?
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15%
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What are the odds of getting pregnant each month for a 15-year-old?
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22.5%
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By age 42, what percentage of a woman's eggs are abnormal?
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90%
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Which political point of view considers "family values" to mean getting—and staying—married, with parents displaying strong commitment to children?
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Conservative
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Critics of cohabitation contend that
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marriage, rather than cohabitation, provides a more stable setting in which to raise children.
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From which political point of view do people claim that divorce is harmful because it encourages a "me first" attitude that places individual needs and desires over obligations to others?
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Conservative
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In the United States, most mothers are
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women working for pay.
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In the United States, the divorce rate
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has declined since the late 1970s.
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Brad and Sharon are married and have three children. Sharon's parents live next door, and Brad's brother lives down the block. Together, these people (Brad, Sharon, their children, Sharon's parents, and Brad's brother) represent
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an extended family.
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Which nation leads the world in college enrollment?
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The United States of America
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The ability to read and write is referred to as
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literacy.
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Which concept refers to lifetime experiences and opportunities that enhance a student's ability to learn and succeed?
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Cultural capital
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What school policy assigns students to different educational programs?
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Tracking
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About 30 million men and women in the U.S. do not read and write or do basic arithmetic well enough to carry out daily responsibilities. These people are referred to as
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functionally illiterate.
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Which program says, in effect, "You are entitled to use your tax money to school your children wherever you want"?
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School vouchers
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A school that integrates students with disabilities into regular school programs is following a policy of
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mainstreaming.
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What policy mandates teaching non-English speakers in English?
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English immersion
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Which concept refers to a political system in which power is exercised by the people as a whole?
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Democracy
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In comparison with capitalist societies, such as the United States, socialist countries, such as China, Cuba, Laos, and Vietnam
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have far less economic inequality.
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In a socialist economy
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there is a collective orientation that teaches people to be motivated by serving the common good.
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The social institution that organizes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services is
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the economy.
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Countries such as Italy, France, and Sweden that have extensive government programs to provide child care, housing, and medical care to the entire population are called
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welfare capitalist.
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Which political position calls for reforms based on the claim that our political and economic systems benefit some more than others?
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Liberal
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According to the pluralist model
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almost all people and almost all organizations have at least some political voice.
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Which concept refers to political alliances of people interested in some economic or social issue?
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Special-interest group
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According to the conservative view, market economies
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provide the greatest good for the greatest number of people.
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In the United States, the manufacture of breakfast cereal is dominated by Kellogg's, General Mills, and General Foods, which together control 90 percent of all sales. This is an illustration of
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oligopoly
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Liberals and radicals on the left argue that low voter turnout reflects
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a widespread alienation from politics, stemming from people who are dissatisfied, but doubt that voting will make a difference.
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Capitalism is an economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are
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privately owned.
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Compared to 1960, today we find school segregation
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is about the same.
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A sociological perspective shows that dropping out of school is closely linked with
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social disadvantage.
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Which concept refers to the social institution by which society transmits knowledge to its members?
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Education
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Which theoretical approach explains how the family operates to benefit some and disadvantage others?
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Social-conflict approach
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Critics of tracking argue that
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tracking reflects social background so that it transforms the social advantage of well-off children into an educational advantage
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Which concept refers to one or two parents and their children?
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Nuclear family
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Which political system has a single family that rules from generation to generation?
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Monarchy
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Critics say that our system of campaign financing
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puts the US political system up for sale.
