Science observing the solar system quiz – Flashcards
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What was the main difference between geocentric and heliocentric models of planetary motion?
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the geocentric model is based on everything revolving around the earth and the heliocentric model is based on everything revolving around the sun
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How did the greek model of the universe and ptolemy's model differ?
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the greek model had a wall of stars and ptolemy's model had more plants in orbit
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How did Galileo's observations of Jupiter and Venus support Copernicus's model?
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Galileo saw the four moons of Jupiter in orbit around the planet and the phases of venus which proved its orbit around the sun.
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The sun centered system of the planets is developed by whom and what is it called?
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copernicus/heliocentric
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Who discovered that the orbit of each planet is an ellipse rather than a circle?
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Kepler
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who created the earth centered model of the universe and what was it called?
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ptolemy/geocentric
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Why are leap years necessary?
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it takes earth longer than 365 days to orbit the sun it takes the earth about 365.25 days to go around therefore leap years keep everything on track by adding an extra day to the year every four years
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What calendar do most countries use?
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Roman
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What did ancient cultures base their calendars on?
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observations of the sky different seasons
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How did the earliest astronomers learn what they knew about the universe?
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by observing the sky
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how long does it take the moon to orbit once around earth? earth to orbit around the sun? earth to rotate once on its axis?
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month year day
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How long did ptolemy's earth centered theory remain the popular theory for the structure of the universe?
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1,500 years
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Which planet did William Herschel discover in 1781?
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Uranus
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what us gravity?
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a type of force
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according to Sir Isaac Newton gravity depends on two factors. What are they?
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mass and distance
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how does the suns gravity compare the the earths gravity?
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the suns gravity is stronger
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Why is earth's gravity stronger than the moon's gravity?
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the earth is more massive than the moon.
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What theory did albert einstein introduce to challenge newtons laws?
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the theory of relativity
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According to Einstein what does gravity do?
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bends space and time
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What effect does the moons gravity have on the earth?
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it causes tides
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List 3 items that depend on gravity to work.
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satellites cars and a weight scale
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what is drag? in what situations might it act upon gravity?
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drag is like air resistance and it could act upon gravity when a feather or a piece of paper is dropped
