science ch 3 pt 2 – Flashcards
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crest; trough
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The amplitude of a wave is the height of a wave as measured from the highest point on the wave________ to the lowest point on the wave ________.
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AL: move to obtain food PL: use the sun to obtain food FL: use spores to obtain food
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compare how animal-like, plant-like, and fungus-like protists obtain food
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asexual: when there is adequate moistures, and food they can reproduce sexual: when growing conditions become unfavorable
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describe asexual and sexual reproduction in fungi
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a lichen and a beetle the lichen gets bacteria for food the beetles bacteria is out
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explain how the 2 organisms that make up lichen both benefits from the relationship
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eukaryotes live in moist conditions can be classified as plants, animals or fungi
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what 3 characteristics all shared by all protists
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algae blooms in saltwater
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what are red tides
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when the toxins that algae produce become concentrated in bodies of organisms that consume the alge
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why are red tides dangerous
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sacrodines
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which group of animal like protists captures food using pseudopods
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the bacteria suck out all air that leave the animals to die
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during freshwater algal bloom, why do pond animals die
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they only have one animal like characteristic: they can be heterotrophs
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what make euglenoids different from other algae
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unicellular protists with pretty glass like cell walls
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what is a diatom
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they make food they recycle they make cheese
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name 3 ways that fungi are beneficial to other organisms
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an animal like protist
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what is a protozoan
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moist, dense, fresh water soil
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where do animals like protist live, what kind of conditons
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heterotrophs: have to make their own food
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are animal like protist autotrophs or heterotrophs? what does this mean?
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pseudopods, cilia, parasites, flagella
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what are the four categories protozoans can be grouped into?
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temporary bulges of the cell that helps move and eat
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what is a pseudopod
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a structure that collects the extra water and expels it into the cell
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what is a contractile vacuole
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hairlike projections from cells that move with a wavelike motioncilliates
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what are cilia? who has cilia in their structure?
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to obtain food and move
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what does a paramecium use cilia for?
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to move and feed
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what do amoeba use their pseudopod for
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contractile vacuole, nucleus
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a paramecium has two of what two things that a amoeba only has one?
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symbiosis: relationship where two partners benefit from each other mutualism: relationship where only one benefits
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what is symbiosis and mutualism?
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long whip like structure that helps protists-move
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what is a flagella?
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some have flagella, some depend on hosts or a layer of slime
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how do protozoans that are parasites move?
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algae
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what are plantlike protists called
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autotrophs: makes food on their own using sun energy
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are algae autotrophs or heterotrophs? what does that mean?
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chemical that produces color
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what is pigment?
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green algae that can be found in fresh water
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what are euglenoids?
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they are all autotrophs
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in what ways are diatoms, dinoflagellates and other plantlike protist similar to plants?
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use spores
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what do funguslike protists use to reproduce?
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process in which nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus build up in a lake or pond over time, causing an increase in algae or growth
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what is eutrophication?
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they trigger series of events: first they create a layer of algae that prevents sunlight from getting to plants. those organisms die and sink. then bacteria breaks down the dead organisms. soon the bacteria uses up oxygen that kills the rest
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what are the effects of eutrophication?
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it kills them
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how would an algal bloom affect organisms living in a lake? ocean?
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nutrients increase
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what might cause an algal bloom to occur in a ocean or lake?
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branching, thread like tubes that make up the body of a multicellular fungi
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what are hyphae?
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heterotrophs, eukaryotes, able to absorb food, reproduce by spores
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what are the characteristics do all fungi share?
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moist, warm conditions with food
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what kind of environment do fungi need to grow?
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if the hyphae are totally bond together it would form stalk
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explain: what a fungus looks like depends on how its hyphae are arranged
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form of asexual reproduction that commonly occurs in yeats
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what is budding
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adequate moisture, food
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what kind of environment do fungi need to reproduce asexually
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were spores are reproduce
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what are fruiting bodied
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when conditions are unfavorable
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when do fungi reproduce sexually
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sac, zygote, and club
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what are the three categories do we categorize fungi into
