S13 standpipe test
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Deficiency
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A condition in which the application of the component is not within its designed limits or specifications.
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Fire Hose Outlet and Release Rack
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A water supply control valve intended to be operated by actuation of an automatic detection system that is installed in the same area as the discharge devices. Each deluge valve is intended to be capable of automatic and manual operation. Deluge systems are suitable for hazardous occupancies. This includes buildings in which flammable liquids or other hazardous materials are handled or stored.
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Discharge Device
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A device designed to discharge water or foam-water solution in a predetermined, fixed, or adjustable pattern. Examples include, but are not limited to, sprinklers, spray nozzles, and hose nozzles.
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Dry Standpipe
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A standpipe system designed to have piping contain water only when the system is being utilized (No automatic water supply.)
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Dunnage
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Rooftop dunnage involves designing a raised series of beams (usually steel) bearing on posts or bearing walls to support mechanical equipment (usually on a roof top).
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Fire Department Connection
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A connection , normally on the exterior of the building, through which the fire department can pump supplemental water into the sprinkler system, standpipe, or other system furnishing water for fire extinguishment to supplement existing water supplies. (Formerly know as Siamese connection.)
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Fire Hose
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A flexible conduit constructed with one or more reinforcements (Jackets), with or without a coating or covering but with an approved nonpermeable lining, or with an inner reinforcement between a protective cover and an approved nonpermeable lining.
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Fire Hydrant
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A valve connection on a water supply system having one or more outlets and that is used to supply hose and fire department pumps with water.
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Fire Pump
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A pump that is a provider of liquid flow and pressure dedicated to fire protection. A fire pump is a part of a fire standpipe system's water supply and can be powered by electric, diesel or steam. The pump intake is either connected to the public underground water supply piping or a static water source (e.g., tank, reservoir, lake). The pump provides water flow at higher pressure and volume to the standpipe system risers and hose standpipes.
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Fold
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A transverse bend (fold) occurring where the hose is lengthwise double over on itself, as on a pin rack.
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Gallons per minute (GPM)
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typically used to measure fluid flow rate (such as water) or pump capacity. Measurement of water flow rate for a pump or a fire standpipe or sprinkler system.
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Hose Connection
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a combination of equipment provided for connection of a hose to the standpipe system that includes a hose valve with a threaded outlet.
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Attack Hose
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Hose designed to be used by trained fire fighters and fire brigade members to combat fires beyond the incipient stage.
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Booster Hose
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A non-collapsible hose used under positive pressure having an elastomeric or thermoplastic tube, a braided or spiraled reinforcement, and an outer protective cover.
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Covered Hose
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A hose with a jacket covered and lined with a continuous synthetic rubber or plastic. The cover is usually thicker than a coating.
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Fire Hose
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A flexible conduit used to convey water.
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Hose Valve
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The valve to an individual hose connection
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Occupant Use Hose
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Fire hose designed to be used by the building's occupants to fight incipient fires prior to the arrival of trained fire fighters or fire brigade members.
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Unlined Hose
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A hose consisting of only a woven jacket that is usually of linen yarns and is of such quality that the yarn swells when wet, tending to seal the hose.
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Hose Size
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An expression of the internal diameter of the hose.
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Hose Station
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a combination of a hose rack, hose nozzle, hose, and hose connection.
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In Service
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The status of hose stored in a hose house, on a rack or reel, or on a fire apparatus that is available and ready for immediate use at an incident. This doesn't include hose in the storage where it is not readily available to be put into service at an incident.
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In Storage
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A hose that is not readily available for use because it is not at the scene of an incident and not loaded on a vehicle that can transport it to the scene.
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In Use
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Hose being used during fire suppression or during training.
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Impairment Coordinator
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The person responsible for ensuring that proper safety precautions are taken when a fire protection system is placed out of service. The building owner shall assign an impairment coordinator to comply with the requirements of this section. In the absence of a specific designee, the owner shall be considered the impairment coordinator.
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Labeled
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Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol or other identifying mark or an organization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains periodic inspection of production of labeled equipment or materials , and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates compliance with appropriate standard or performance in a specified manner.
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Listed Device
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A fire protection component that has been tested to perform under parameters specified for its use by a nationally recognized testing agency. Underwriter's Laboratory (UL) and Factory Mutual (FM) are the two most common once.
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Manual Standpipe
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Standpipe system that relies exclusively on the fire department connection to supply the system demand.
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Master Pressure Reducing Valve
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A pressure reducing valve installed to regulate pressures in an entire fire protection system and/or standpipe system zone.
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Main Drain
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The primary drain connection located on the system riser and also utilized as a flow test connection for the automatic sprinkler system.
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Nozzles
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A device for use in applications requiring special water discharge patterns, directional spray, or other unusual discharge characteristics.
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Occupant-Use Hose
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Fire Hose designed to be used by the building's occupants to fight incipient fires prior to the arrival of trained fire fighters or fire brigade members.
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Out of service system
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A fire protection system that is not fully functional; or whose operation is impaired or is otherwise not in good working order.
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Personal Supervision
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Supervision by the holder of a department certificate who is required to be personally present on the premises, or other proximate location acceptable to the department, while the duties for which the certificate is required is being performed.
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Pounds per square inch (PSI)
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a unit of pressure measuring force per unit area.
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Pressure Control Valve
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A pilot operated pressure reducing valve that may be used with a fire or booster pump designed for the purpose of preventing the incoming water supply pressure from dropping below a set pressure.
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Pressure Control Valve
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A pilot-operated pressure-reducing valve designed for the purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure to a specific value under both flowing (residual) and non flowing (static) conditions.
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Pressure-Reducing Valve
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A valve designed for the purpose of reducing the downstream water pressure under both flowing (residual) and non flowing (static) conditions.
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Pressure Regulating Device
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A device designed for the purpose of reducing, regulating controlling, or restricting water pressure. Example includes pressure reducing valve, pressure control valves, and pressure-restricting devices.
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Pressure Restricting Device
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A valve or device designed for the purpose of reducing of reducing the downstream water pressure under flowing (residual) conditions only.
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Pressure Relief Valve
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A valve designed for the purpose of releasing excess air or water pressure from the Fire Protection Piping System. Pressure relief valve is not a pressure reducing valve.
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Pressure Tank
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A tank using air pressure to supplying water for water-based fire protection systems. Tank contents to be maintained at one third air to two thirds water.
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Service Test
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Hydrostatic test conducted by users on all in-service hose to determine suitability for continued service.
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Standpipe System
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An arrangement of piping, valves, hose connections, and allied equipment installed in a building or structure, with the hose connections located in such a manner that water can be discharged in streams or spray patterns through attached hose and nozzles, for the purpose of extinguishing a fire, thereby protecting a building or structure and its contents in addition to protecting the occupants. Piping installed in a building or structure that serves to transfer water from a water supply to hose connections at one or more locations in a building or structure used for firefighting purposes.
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Combination Standpipe and Sprinkler System
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A system where the fire protection piping services both 21⁄2 in. (65 mm) outlets for fire department use and outlets for automatic sprinklers.
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Standpipe, Multi-Zone
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A standpipe system that is vertically subdivided as required by the construction codes, including the Building Code, into zones to limit the maximum operating pressure in the system. Each zone will have its own individual automatic water supply.
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Static Pressure
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The measurement of system pressure under non flow conditions
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Strainer
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A device capable of removing from the water all solids of sufficient size that are obstructing water spray nozzles.
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Supervisory signal
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signal indicating the need for action in connection with the supervision of guard tours, fire extinguishing systems or equipment, fire alarm systems or the maintenance features of related systems.
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Supervisory signal-initiating device
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an initiating device, such as a valve supervisory switch, water level indicator, or low-air pressure switch on a dry-pipe system, that triggers a supervisory signal.
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Testing
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A procedure used to determine the status of a system as intended by conducting periodic physical checks on water based fire protection systems such as water flow tests, fire pump tests, alarm tests, and trip tests of dry pipe or deluge valves. These tests follow the requirements for acceptance testing at intervals specified in the appropriate chapter of NFPA #25, 2002 edition.
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Unlined Hose
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A hose consisting of only a woven jacket that is usually of linen yarns and is of such quality that yarn swells when wet, tending to seal the hose.
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Water Hammer
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The surge in pressure when a high-velocity flow of water is abruptly shut off. The pressure exerted by the flowing water against a closed system can be seven or more times that of the static pressure
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Water Spray
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Water in a form having a predetermined pattern, particle size, velocity, and density discharge from specially designed nozzles or devices.
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Water Supply
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A source of water that provides the flows [gal/min (L/min)] and pressures [psi (bar)] required by the water-based fire protection system.
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Water Tank
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A tank supplying water for water-based fire protection systems.
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Wet Standpipe System
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A standpipe system having piping containing water at all times.
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Standpipe class I
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This system is designed to be used by professional fire fighters. For example, the system is used by Fire Department and Fire Brigade personnel. The fire hoses in these systems are 2 1/2 inches in diameter. The large hose diameter makes it difficult to control the stream of water from the hose.
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Standpipe class II
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This system is designed to be used by the occupants of a building. The hose and nozzle are connected to the standpipe. They are ready to be used by occupants in case of a fire. The hose is 1 1/2 inches in diameter. The hose stream is easier to control than the Class I hose.
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Standpipe class III
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This system may be used by either professional fire fighters or by occupants of the building. The hosing may be adjusted to either 1 1/2 or 2 1/2 inches in diameter. This is done by attaching special reducing valves to the hose line.
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Wet Standpipe System
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This system always has water in the piping. The water in the system is always under pressure. In some cases a fire pump may be used to increase the water pressure. The wet standpipe system is the most commonly used standpipe system. It is used in heated buildings where there is no danger of the water in the piping freezing. Any part of the standpipe system that is exposed to freezing temperatures should be insulated. It is very important that the water in the piping does not freeze. Frozen water may prevent the standpipe system from working.
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Dry Standpipe with an Automatic Dry Pipe Valve (Manual Standpipe)
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Dry Standpipe with a Manual Control Valve
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This system is supplied by a public water main. Under normal conditions this system has no water in the piping. The water is not allowed into the standpipe until a control valve is manually operated. The control valve remains closed until a fire occurs. The air in the piping is not under pressure. A pre-action valve prevents the water from entering the system. The valve is automatically opened when a fire detection system discovers that there is a fire. This system is usually used in a building that is not heated.
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Dry Standpipe with No Permanent Water Supply (Manual Standpipe)
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Quick Opening Devices
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In a dry pipe system there is a delay between the opening of a sprinkler head or a standpipe nozzle and the discharge of water. This delay may allow the fire to spread and more sprinkler heads to open. The delay is due to the time required for the air to leave the system's piping. This difficulty may be partly overcome by the installation of quick opening devices.
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Yard Systems
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A yard hydrant system is most often used in large private manufacturing plants or storage buildings. The yard system is often needed because the public water supply does not meet the needs of the fire protection system. The yard system usually has several private water sources supplying the total fire protection system. The total system may have a sprinkler system, hydrants, and a standpipe and hose system installed. The water supply sources are all connected together in the yard system. This allows the water to be directly supplied to any part of the system when needed. Water can be supplied even when one of the supply sources is not working. The combined sources of water keep the water pressure in the system at a high level. The picture below shows a detailed yard fire protection system.
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Public Waterworks Connection
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The street main supplies water using the water pressure in the public water works system. Sometimes a street main may not be connected to the system if it is located too far away from the building.
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Pressure Tank
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This tank may supply water to the yard system under pressure. The tank is filled with water and air. The air force
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Combination / Combined Systems
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It is not uncommon to find occupancies having a combination of systems for fire protection. Examples of combination systems are: a. Combination System (Wet standpipe and Dry standpipe) b. Combined System ( Wet standpipe system and Automatic Sprinkler System) - A standpipe system having piping that supplies both hose connections and automatic sprinklers. Each connection from a standpipe that is part of a combined system to a sprinkler system shall have an individual control valve and check valve of the same size as the connection.
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PREACTION STANDPIPE SYSTEMS
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Preaction systems are designed for situations where there is danger of serious water damage. Water damage is usually caused by damaged standpipe piping. Under normal conditions there is no water in the piping. The air in the piping may or may not be is under pressure. A preaction valve prevents the water from entering the system. The valve is automatically opened when an electrical or hydraulic release is manually activated.
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Roof Manifold
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Standpipe systems are used in buildings where it may be difficult for the Fire Department to pump water on the fire. For example, standpipe systems are required in buildings that are over six stories 75 feet in height. A standpipe system may be combined with an automatic fire protection system. For example, a standpipe system and a sprinkler
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Fire Department Connection
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Fire Department Connection
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Alarms and Supervisory Signal Devices
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Check Valves
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Swing Check Valves
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Alarm check Valves
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Gate Valves (Non-Rising Stem)
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OS & Y (Outside Screw and Yoke)
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Fire Hose including Couplings and Nozzles
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Fire Hose Outlet and Release Rack
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