Risk Assessment Analysis on Arcdem Engineering Essay Example

guarantees that the designed facilities are both safe and well-instructed. They also ensure that the facilities and equipment are kept in a safe operating condition while eliminating any injuries or illnesses related to facility, public works, and contracts.

The individuals involved in this undertaking are the Project Manager, Process Engineer, and Architect Demerit Z. Dijon Jar - who is also the General Manager. The second phase emphasizes safety policies and procedures that aim to safeguard all employees. These measures include training sessions, orientation programs, and written guidelines to reinforce the significance of ensuring safety and good health.

The executive secretary, under the direct orders of the general manager, is responsible for this phase. The third phase involves personnel training, which includes a comprehensive range of safety and health outreach programs. The plant operations supervisor, who possesses extensive knowledge of the operations, plays a crucial role in ensuring that all workers are well-informed about the company's risks and receive appropriate training.

The final stage is Disaster Drills, which involve exercises where people simulate the conditions of a disaster in order to practice their responses. These drills aim to uncover any weaknesses in their disaster response plan and familiarize people with the necessary steps to ensure an automatic response during a disaster. The drills take place once a year and involve practicing tasks such as evacuating the building and providing assistance to one another so that everyone knows what actions to take when a real alarm is activated.

The individuals responsible for organizing this include the supervisor and the executive secretary, who receive assistance from the Lass Pinatas Fire Department.

Risk Management Activities

Managing risks encompasses

the activities of identification, assessment, and mitigation. This involves strategically allocating resources to decrease, oversee, and control the likelihood and/or impact of adverse events or to optimize the advantages of positive events.

The company takes different actions to reduce risk. They provide personnel training to educate employees about workplace hazards and emergency procedures. Chemical Safety Assessments are also carried out to evaluate the potential negative impacts of chemicals. In addition, disaster drills are conducted to familiarize employees with necessary steps during specific disasters.

The purpose of personal protective equipment is to safeguard employees from chemical and physical agents in the fabrication environment. Furthermore, safe facility design aims to prevent incidents or minimize damage. Safety policies and procedures provide guidelines for preventing work-related injuries.

The primary objective of these activities is to reduce the risks linked with environmental, health, and safety hazards in the company, ensuring the well-being of all employees and preventing any work-related injuries.

Risk Management Program Risk Management Practices

The company lacks formal risk management programs and tools, but it does have measures in place for preventing, reducing, and treating risks.

The company focuses on preventing hazardous production material accidents and fires through safe facility design and construction. To achieve this, they implement measures such as admit estimative controls, engineering controls, and emergency response elements. Procedural administrative controls are also in place, which require appropriate training. Examples of these control requirements include the follows MGM.

• dissemination Of semiconductor safety handbook
• safety handbooks are available at the main office of the company.

The newly hired employees undergo an orientation where the key factors are discussed.

storage plans/hazardous materials inventory statements and separation of incompatible materials,

The following are examples of engineering control requirements:

• fire protection systems,
• the fire protection systems are fire drills that are being conducted and the availability of fire extinguishers and sprinklers
• ventilation and treatment systems,
• the ventilation systems are the exhaust fans located at each wall of every area
• detection and shut-off controls,
• detection and shut off controls are provided by having an emergency stop button and the circuit breaker which can be easily turned off whenever an emergency occurs
• use of non-combustible or fire-resistant materials of instruction.

Emergency response controls aim to quickly respond to and manage emergency incidents when administrative and engineering controls are unsuccessful. The company's emergency response controls comprise the following:

• fire access and water supply
• fire access and water supply are the fire extinguishers and the sprinklers.

• an emergency alarm is placed in one wall near the fabrication are which can be easily pulled once an emergency occurs
• emergency response equipment, and
• a first aid kit including a burn kit is located near the fire

extinguishers ND inside the comfort room for easy access in case of emergency.

Personal Protective Equipment (PEP)

The primary purpose of using personal protective equipment in the fabrication environment is to protect the employee from both chemical and physical agents. Additionally, it serves to isolate the worker from the wafer to maintain process cleanliness. Various examples of such equipment include:

• Safety shoes
• Goggles
• Chemical protective gloves
• Respiratory protection

• Emergency escape respirators

Disaster Drills

Training encompasses various aspects such as knowing the appropriate individuals and locations to contact, inspecting smoke detector batteries, operating a fire extinguisher, alerting others about a fire, safely evacuating from a burning house, determining the designated meeting point after evacuation, understanding when it is advisable to attempt extinguishing a fire or simply evacuate. Fire drills are conducted annually in March to coincide with fire prevention month. The Company collaborates with Lass Pinatas Fire Department for organizing these drills.

First Aid Drill

The training includes different aspects such as the placement and contents of the first aid kit, instructions on using each item, and basic first aid skills. First aid drills are conducted twice a year in June and December, with the executive secretary organizing the schedule for these drills under direct instructions from the General Manager.

Emergency Evacuation Drill

The training program covers various aspects, such as the contents of each person's disaster kit, the designated

evacuation vehicle, accessing and placing the kits in the vehicle efficiently, additional items to bring during an evacuation, and the methods to swiftly obtain them.

The emergency evacuation drill occurs in August every year, with a five-month interval after the fire drill. This provides ample time for the supervisor and executive secretary to make appropriate plans.

Natural Disaster Drill

The training provides guidance on different kinds of natural disasters, such as floods, earthquakes, and tornadoes. It encompasses the necessary steps to be taken prior to, during, and following the occurrence of these events. These actions include shutting down utilities like electricity, water, and gas. The Natural Disaster Drill is not held annually; it is only executed upon instruction from the General Manager, as mentioned by Ms. Freshened.

Personnel undergo training regarding the use of protective clothing and emergency response controls. They are taught about the risks associated with physical and chemical agents, as well as the necessary steps to take in case of emergencies through drills. Additionally, there are specialized on-site emergency response teams who promptly address hazards. The training of personnel includes the plant operations supervisor providing them with necessary training.

Chemical Safety Assessment

The company needed the help of an external party for its chemical safety assessment.

Exposure scenarios were conducted as the basis for chemical safety assessments. Each exposure scenario document includes an exposure estimation and risk characterization table to provide scientific context for the assumptions. All chemicals used by the company are listed in the Philippine Inventory of Chemicals Chemical Substances (EPICS) and have been evaluated by the Environment Management Bureau to ensure compliance with Philippine Environmental Laws.

The

company must submit annual reports on the chemicals and substances used in their production to monitor their impact on the environment and individuals, both internally and externally. To handle and measure these chemicals, professionals such as Chemical Analysts and Chemical Engineers are employed by the company each year. These professionals help assess the substances used in production and create reports.

The chemical safety assessment took into account the criteria listed in the forms below. An exposure scenario outlines the conditions under which a substance is used throughout its life cycle and specifies the control measures in place to minimize human and environmental exposure. It also includes risk assessment measures and operational conditions that ensure the appropriate control of all risks associated with the substance's use.

The completed exposure scenarios indicate that the risks associated with the sample substance are adequately controlled for both human health and the environment.

Failure Detection

Although the company does not keep records of the specific details of product failures, they have a process for detecting failures. This process includes preserving failed devices. In cases where failures are due to mechanical damage or environmental corrosion, photographs are taken to maintain the original condition of the device.

It is crucial to handle and store the sample with caution to prevent environmental (temperature and humidity), electrical, and mechanical damages to the device, in order to avoid any setbacks. The use of mounting gigs and fixtures is beneficial for handling small devices. Visual inspection of the device's external condition is an important step as it provides valuable information for further analysis. Initially, the device is visually inspected by experts to identify any variations

from good ones. Subsequently, detailed observations are made through microscopic inspections.

A stereoscope is used with a magnifying power ranging from 4 to 80. The sample is viewed with illumination from different angles to achieve the best view. In some cases, a regular microscope with higher magnification power of 50 to 2,000 is used to locate areas of failure. If further examination is needed to detect cracks in packaging, surface wear, particles, whiskers, disconsolation or migration, a scanning electron microscope (SEEM) is utilized. When elemental analysis is required and there is enough sample available, atomic absorption photometry is conducted.

If the failure is limited to a small area and it is difficult to obtain the substance in question, electron probe microanalysis (EMMA) should be used. Visual inspection should focus on the following items.

The presence of metal, metal oxide, or ash in the device indicates that it has been used in a severe environment like a steel mill or power plant. This can lead to characteristic deterioration.

(2) Small traces of water, oils, solder flux, or spray liquids (e. Insulating materials) can contaminate and cause poor connections or leakage.

(3) The leaders are typically coated with plating to enhance unity and protect against corrosion. Plating disconsolation frequently signifies oxidation caused by heat, assimilation, imperfections in the underlying material, insufficient pre-processing, or faulty plating.

(4) If copper-based alloys such as Can alloy and others are subjected to external stress or internal residual stress and exposed to ammonia, amines, moist air, and/or high temperature environment, stress corrosion may occur.

The SEEM technique is used to diagnose the presence of cracks and examine the morphology of

cracks and grain boundaries.

Mechanical lead damage arises from different factors like the lead's shape, load it bears, and surrounding environment. Various types of lead breakage exist, such as fatigue breakage, shock breakage, and creep breakage. Fatigue breakage results from repeated stress exposure on the lead, while creep breakage happens when stress persists for a prolonged duration. Brittle fractures and elongation breaks are also prevalent forms of lead damage; brittle fractures occur suddenly without plastic deformation.

The development of elongation breaks occurs gradually after plastic deformation. To determine the type of breakage, it is crucial to thoroughly analyze how the breakage occurred. In some cases, the cracked surface or the surface of the broken ends may display a wave pattern, indicating mechanical fatigue. A pattern resembling a disk or ratchet suggests a stress concentration at that particular point.

(6) The reason for leakage of moisture into the device is package cracking. It is easy to miss glass cracks in the hermetic seal. For small cracks, the use of penetrate dyes is an effective inspection method.

(7) Metallic Migration: When an electric field is applied under conditions of high temperature and high humidity, ions in the insulation material or on its surface migrate from the positive terminal to the negative terminal. At the negative terminal, the ions are reduced and deposited, potentially causing a short circuit between the two terminals. To study this phenomenon, metrological and electron probe micro analysis (ARM) techniques are employed.

In most cases, solder plating is applied to the lead pins, which can result in the generation of tin whiskers. This applies to both eutectic and lead-free solder.

Adding lead to conventional

eutectic solder plating suppresses the generation of whiskers. However, it is necessary to monitor lead-free solder plating for whisker generation using methods like SEEM. If any of the indicated defects are detected, the operator or quality inspector will proceed with electrical testing, internal analysis, Decca removal of package, locating the failed point, physical chip analysis, or estimating the failure mechanism, depending on the category of the failures.

The corrective action is the ultimate outcome of all these actions.

Problems in Implementing Risk Management Programs

The implementation of the informal risk management programs, which were identified earlier, has encountered a significant issue related to funding. Alongside the essential facilities and equipment required to prevent environmental, health, and safety hazards, the company has also had to employ more personnel for emergency response teams and trainings.

To evaluate the substances used in the company, it was necessary to seek help from a chemical assessment expert, which incurred extra costs. Additionally, some employees were resistant to changes, particularly those related to chemical safety assessment. Certain individuals lacked adaptability skills and were unwilling to participate in safety training sessions.

Furthermore, despite the implementation of the mentioned risk management programs, accidents are still unavoidable. However, their impacts are not as severe as those before the implementation of these programs.

Solutions Undertaken to Resolve Problems

To address the problems mentioned earlier, the company made changes to their manufacturing processes. These changes aimed to enhance yields and product performance while reducing costs. As a result, the company was able to allocate funds toward supporting current risk management programs and facilitating the adoption of future improved risk management programs.