Richard Nixon Presidency Facts
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Haldeman
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chief of staff. controlled Nixon's schedule and people's access to him
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Kissinger
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national security adviser, later secretary of state
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Erlichman
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domestic affairs adviser
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Dean
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special counsel, close adviser on W.H. staff
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Mitchell
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attorney general and long time friend of Nixon
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Agnew
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VP
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The Enemy
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anyone that did not support Nixon
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Eisenhower
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Nixon ran with Eisenhower as his VP, won
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Mao Zedong
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Chinese Chairman Nixon met and made peace with and visited to improve relations between the US and China
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Leonid Brezhnev
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leader of the Soviet Union Nixon met with to discuss nuclear weapon tensions between them, resulting in a deal that improved relations between the US and Soviet Union
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The Plumbers
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Hunt, Liddy, and McCord. did Nixon's dirty work; originally put together to stop leaks to the media after the Pentagon Paper issue
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Nixon's early life
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-middle class Quaker -worked in family grocery store as a kid -adored his mom -known for being serious -born/raised in Whittier, CA -bad at sports -went to Whittier College instead of Harvard; graduated third in class from Duke Law School -\"Red Hunter\" on HUAC -senate in 1950, VP in 1952, lost to JFK in 1960, president in 1968
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Nixon's abuses of power as president
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used CIA, IRA and FBI to cover up stuff, harass people he didn't like (screw with taxes, etc.), get information on \"enemies\"
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Stagflation, how dealt with by Nixon
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-high inflation and high unemployment -partly caused by oil embargo by OPEC -led to massive layoffs and increasing prices -Nixon tried to fight it by raising taxes/cutting spending (which was blocked by Congress); raise interest rates (fail.); and freezing wages, prices, fees in US for 90 days (also fail.)
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EPA, OSHA, EEOC
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-EPA: Environmental Protection Agency. created to preserve the US and keep it clean, protect nature -OSHA: Occupational Safety and Health Administration. created to increase work safety and such -EEOC: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. created to enforce discrimination laws and prevent issues based on sex, race, etc.
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Vietnamization
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President Richard Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in the vietnam war, involving a gradual withdrawl of American troops and replacement of them with South Vietnamese forces
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Detente
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relaxation of tensions between the United States and its two major Communist rivals, the Soviet Union and China
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Realpolitik
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practical politics, use any means to reach goals
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SALT I
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treaty signed in 1972 between the U.S. and the USSR. limited the number of missiles in each nation and led to the SALT II discussions and a slowdown of the arms race between the two countries
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OPEC
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an organization of countries formed in 1961 to agree on a common policy for the production and sale of petroleum
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Revenue Sharing
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allowed state/local governments to use federal money as they saw fit
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New Federalism
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gave more power to state/local governments
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mentality of Nixon White House
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secretive; above the law; anything is okay as long as you win; \"us vs them\"
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People in Watergate Scandal
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-Ford (Nixon's VP after Agnew quit) -Cox (led Ervin Committee in investigating Watergate) -Mitchell (leader of CREEP) -Woodward and Bernstein (Washington Post reporters investigating Watergate) -Liddy (plumber in CREEP, one of the ones who broke into Watergate and came up with the idea) -McCord (ran CREEP's security) -McGovern (who Nixon ran against in 1972 election) -Deep Throat/Mark Felt (FBI agent who gave Woodward and Bernstein information for their investigation)
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CREEP
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Nixon's committee for re-electing the president. Found to have been engaged in a \"dirty tricks\" campaign against the democrats in 1972. They raised tens of millions of dollars in campaign funds using unethical means. They were involved in the infamous Watergate cover-up
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Ervin Committee
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committee that investigated the Watergate Scandal. led by Archie Cox
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Why Agnew resigned
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was caught for connections to Watergate, so he resigned before he could be inpeached
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Why Nixon wouldn't give up the tapes
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-executive privilege -would threaten national security
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Nixon's public statement on the break-in
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he had no knowledge or connection and would fully cooperate with investigations
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What Nixon gave instead of the tapes
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transcripts
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US vs Nixon ruling
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Nixon had to give up the actual tapes
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\"national security\"
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Nixon's main reason to withhold the tapes, as they had recordings of meetings regarding nation issues with security, etc.
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Executive privilege
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right of the president to withhold info from Congress/ refuse to testify; limited by U.S. v. Nixon
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Why Nixon was to be impeached
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-obstruction of justice -abuse of power -failure to abide by House subpoenas
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How Nixon avoided punishment for Watergate and such
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was pardoned by Ford after he became president
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Watergate and checks and balances
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Watergate proved the system worked, due to each branch trying and catching Nixon and crew
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Effects of Watergate on US opinion of gov't
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made people trust it even less, after Nam and Pentagon Papers got out
