Quiz 2 and 3 Practice Questions – Flashcards
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a neuron is best described as a...
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cell
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natural opiate-like neurotransmitters linked to pain control are called...
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endorphins
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drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of serotonin molecules in the...
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synaptic gaps
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Botox injections smooth facial wrinkles because botulin is a...
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ACh antagonist
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which hormone enables contractions associated with birthing and milk flow during nursing...
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Oxytocin
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While listening to operatic solos, musicians process the lyrics and tunes in separate brain areas. This most clearly illustrates the functioning of different...
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neural networks
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the endocrine system consists of...
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glands
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which of the following would be the most useful for detecting the brain areas that are most active as a person preforms mathematical equations...
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A PET scan
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which region of the brain appears to have the oldest evolutionary history...
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brainstem
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after suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. She has probably suffered a damage to her...
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cerebellum
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the limbic system structure that regulates hunger is called the...
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hypothalamus
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which region of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans and formulating moral judgements...
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frontal lobes
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the regions of the parietal lobes that are involved in mathematical and spatial reasoning are known as...
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the association areas
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the successful functioning of children who have experienced the surgical removal of an entire cerebral hemisphere best illustrates the value of...
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plasticity
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Speech is processed primarily in the right hemisphere by the ________ of those who are left-handed and by the ________ of those who are right-handed.
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minority, minority.
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An axon transmits messages ________ the cell body and a dendrite transmits messages ________ the cell body.
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away from; toward
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To excite or inhibit an action potential in a receiving neuron, a neurotransmitter must cross the
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synaptic gap
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Depressed mood states are linked to ________ levels of serotonin and ________ levels of norepinephrine.
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low; low
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Botulin blocks the release of ACH. Botulin is best described as a(n)
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antagonist
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The peripheral nervous system consists of
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sensory and motor neurons
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The autonomic nervous system most directly controls
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bladder contractions
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Although Ron has no genital sensations, he is capable of an erection if his genitals are stimulated. Ron's experience is most indicative of a
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severed spinal cord
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. The release of epinephrine and norepinephrine ________ blood pressure and _______ blood sugar levels.
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raises; raises
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To monitor the electrical activity in the brain that is triggered by hearing one's own name, researchers would make use of a(n)
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EEG
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Research has suggested that a reward deficiency syndrome may contribute to
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alcohol dependence
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Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in speaking?
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frontal
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The visual cortex is located in the
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occipital lobes
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Following massive damage to his frontal lobes, Phineas Gage was most strikingly debilitated by
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irritability
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Brain scans indicate that well-practiced pianists have a larger-than-usual auditory cortex area that encodes piano sounds. This best illustrates
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plasticity
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Research with split-brain patients suggests that the ________ typically constructs the theories people offer to explain their own behaviors.
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left cerebral hemisphere
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The simultaneous processing of information on many parallel tracks is most closely associated with...
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unconscious mental activity
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a teenager texting while crossing the street is not likely to notice a car rounding the corner and about to cross her path. This best illustrates the impact of...
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selective attention
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staying up especially late on the weekends is most likely to have an influence on...
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the circadian rhythm
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a recurring sleep stage during which most vivid dreams commonly occur is known as ______ sleep.
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REM
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Sleep deprivation increases the levels of hunger-arousing hormone...
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ghrelin
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narcolepsy is associated with a relative absence of a hypothalamic neural center that produces...
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orexin
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which of the following sleep disorders is most strongly associated with obesity....?
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sleep apnea
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sleep walking is most likely to be associated with...
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NREM-3
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the distinction between manifest content and latent content is central to ________ theory of dreams
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Freud's wish-fulfillment
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dissociation has been used as an explanation for...
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hypnotic pain relief
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as drug users experience neuroadaptation, the demonstrate signs of...
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tolerance.
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alcohol consumption disrupts the processing of recent experiences into long term memory by....
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decreasing REM sleep
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Nicotine triggers a(n) ________ in anxiety and a(n) ________ in mental alertness.
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decrease; increase
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The experience of vivid geometric images and dreamlike scenes is most likely to be triggered by
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LSD
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To prevent or reduce marijuana use, young people should be educated about
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the long-term costs of regular marijuana use.
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A car driver's ability to navigate a familiar route while carrying on an animated conversation with passengers best illustrates the importance of
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dual-processing
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Selective attention is best illustrated by
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choice blindness
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bright lights inhibits our feelings of sleepiness by influencing the production of..
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melatonin
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People who claim to have been abducted by space aliens—often shortly after going to bed—commonly recall being floated off their beds. It is most likely that they have incorporated ________ into their memories.
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hypnagogic sensations
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The large, slow brain waves associated with NREM-3 sleep are called
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delta waves
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which of the following is a stress hormone that stimulates the body to make fat?
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cortisol
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Chronic sleep deprivation is most likely to contribute to
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suppression of the immune system
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Those who complain of insomnia typically _______ how long it actually takes them to fall asleep and ________ how long they actually slept.
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overestimate; underestimate
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which sleep disorder is most likely to be accompanied by sleepwalking and sleeptalking?
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night terrors
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The neural activation theory provides a physiological explanation for...
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dreaming.
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In an experiment, hypnotized subjects are told to scratch their ear if they hear the word psychology mentioned later. The fact that they do so only if they think the experiment is still under way most clearly supports the theory that hypnosis involves
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role playing.
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The experience of physical pain following discontinued use of a psychoactive drug best illustrates
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withdrawal
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Which of the following psychoactive drugs produces the quickest and most powerful rush of euphoria?
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cocaine
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Hallucinations similar to those that accompany the near-death experience can be produced by
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Oxygen deprivation
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Dr. Brooks seeks to account for the substance abuse of her therapy clients in terms of their abusive home environments, their limited sense of life purpose, and the altered functioning of their neurotransmitter systems. Dr. Brooks is most clearly using a(n) ________ approach to understanding addictive behaviors.
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biopsychosocial
