question

Congress cannot summarily declare an American citizen guilty of a crime because of the Constitution's ban on___

answer

Bills of attainder

question

Which of the following statements about the Bill of Rights is MOST accurate?

answer

The authors of the Constitution rejected the inclusion of a Bill of Rights during the deliberation and drafting process.

question

When it was ratified, which of the following rights did the Constitution explicitly protect?

answer

the right to demand a writ of habeas corpus

question

Federalist leader _______was the person who drafted the amendments that became known as the Bill of Rights.

answer

James Madison

question

According to the Supreme Court's ruling in the case of Barron v. Baltimore (1833), the Bill of Rights protected citizens' liberties

answer

only from intrusion by the national government.

question

Which amendment is most responsible for protecting citizens' liberties from intrusion by state governments?

answer

Fourteenth

question

The principle of selective incorporation has been used to guarantee all of the following rights from intrusion by state governments, EXCEPT

answer

the right to a jury trial in civil cases.

question

Based on the Supreme Court's current understanding of the First Amendment, American citizens are free to

answer

believe any religious doctrine they choose.

question

Which of the following statements about religious freedom in the United States today is LEAST accurate?

answer

Congress can ban unpopular religious practices as long as it directs that ban against a specific religious group.

question

The Supreme Court uses the Lemon test primarily to decide on matters related to

answer

the relationship between church and state.

question

Most of the founders of the American republic probably had accommodationist views regarding the relationship between church and state, meaning that they believed that

answer

the government should be permitted to support religion generally but not a particular religion specifically

question

Most establishment clause controversies in recent times have dealt with the issue of religion in

answer

schools

question

What decision was made by the Supreme Court in a landmark 2002 case on the issue of school vouchers?

answer

Providing government vouchers to attend religious schools was ruled constitutional.

question

In the Supreme Court case involving Charles Schenck, which tested the constitutionality of the Espionage Act, the Supreme Court decided that

answer

freedom of speech could be curtailed if the words produced a "clear and present danger."

question

Which of the following statements about campaign speech is most accurate?

answer

In recent years, the Supreme Court has loosening the limits on campaign speech based on interpretations of the First Amendment

question

The Court applies the Miller test to determine if speech is?

answer

obscene

question

In order for a work to be deemed obscene, an average person must reasonably conclude that the work

answer

lacks any redeeming quality, is predominantly prurient, and is offensive

question

What differentiates slander from libel?

answer

Slander is oral, whereas libel is written

question

Which of the following is one of the two conditions that satisfy the definition of malice under the Sullivan rule?

answer

knowledge that the statements were false

question

In the case of New York Times v. Sullivan, the Supreme Court decided that

answer

the press cannot be found guilty of slandering a public official unless it can be proven that the press published falsehoods maliciously

question

As a rule, the government can place the most restrictions over which form of media?

answer

radio

question

Recent Supreme Court cases have protected freedom of the press in all of the following instances EXCEPT

answer

allowing newspapers to preserve the anonymity of their confidential sources if the government can demonstrate a compelling reason to request them.

question

Which of the following special rights of the media is currently recognized by the courts?

answer

the right to attend trials

question

Which of the following forms of protests receives the most protection from the Supreme Court?

answer

the right to protest in front of a state capitol

question

Under what single circumstance or set of circumstances can government officials conduct searches without a warrant?

answer

Warrant-less searches are permissible in all of these situations: searching the immediate area when arresting a suspect; when there is reasonable suspicion that an individual has committed or is about to commit a crime; and when pursuing a dangerous suspect who is likely to destroy evidence.

question

Of the following countries, which one has the highest incarceration rate?

answer

United States

question

By informing suspects of their right against self-incrimination, the Miranda warning protects their ...

answer

Fifth Amendment rights.

question

Courts use the exclusionary rule to

answer

dismiss evidence that has been illegally obtained.

question

In a major death penalty case in April of 2008, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that

answer

execution by lethal injection is constitutional.

question

Which of the following statements about abortion rights in the United States is LEAST accurate?

answer

When the Court legalized abortion in 1973, the practice was already legal in all but thirteen states.

question

The 1967 Supreme Court decision that declared Virginia's anti-interracial marriage bill unconstitutional

answer

was based on violation of the equal protection clause and the due process clause.

question

By 2011, public support for marriage between whites and blacks was about ___ percent.

answer

85

question

In the Dred Scott decision of 1857, the Court decided all of the following EXCEPT that

answer

Congress could ban slavery from a territory but not from a state

question

In the case of Plessy v. Ferguson (1896), the Supreme Court ruled that

answer

segregated facilities were not inherently unconstitutional, as long as they were equal.

question

The landmark Supreme Court case of Brown v. Board of Education was significant because it

answer

overturned the doctrine of "separate but equal."

question

Rosa Parks most important contribution to the Civil Rights movement was

answer

inspiring a bus boycott when she chose to be arrested rather than give up her seat.

question

The landmark Civil Rights Act of 1964 and Voting Rights Act of 1965 were pushed through Congress by which president?

answer

Lyndon Johnson

question

Which section of the Constitution provides the chief basis for Supreme Court rulings on equality?

answer

Fourteenth Amendment

question

In deciding a case involving a law that allegedly discriminated against gay citizens, the Supreme Court would most likely apply the

answer

rational basis test.

question

If an elderly woman sued a state government over a law requiring her to retire from a certain job at a certain age, the Supreme Court would most likely decide the case on the basis of the

answer

rational basis test.

question

If lower-income citizens sued a state government over a voting registration law that required them to present a driver's license or pay for an alternative state identification card in order to vote, the Supreme Court would most likely decide the case on the basis of the

answer

rational basis test

question

In the case of Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), the Supreme Court ruled that

answer

universities could consider race as a factor in student admissions, but racial quotas were unconstitutional.

question

Which of the following statements about Native Americans' struggle for civil rights is LEAST accurate?

answer

Since the founding of the American republic, Native Americans have formed formal political and social movements to protest their mistreatment.

question

Currently, the largest ethnic minority group in the United States is

answer

Hispanic Americans.

question

The civil rights leader César Chávez is best known for his efforts on behalf of

answer

migrant farm workers.

question

In the case of Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court decided that

answer

the summary internment of Japanese Americans was a constitutional measure.

question

Based on current understandings of the Americans with Disabilities Act, public schools would have to make special accommodations for all of the following students EXCEPT

answer

a student with poor, but functional, eyesight.

question

Regarding attitudes towards gay and lesbian rights, there is the greatest public support for

answer

equal rights for gays and lesbians in employment.

question

In Lawrence v. Texas (2003), the Supreme Court decided that

answer

consenting adults have the constitutional right to engage in homosexual acts in the privacy of their homes.

question

Women's struggle for equality differs from other civil rights struggles primarily because women

answer

are not a minority.

question

From 1890 to 1920, the women's rights movement focused its energies primarily on

answer

securing the right to vote

question

All of the following contributed to the modern feminist movement EXCEPT

answer

the ratification of the Equal Rights Amendment.

question

In recent years the Supreme Court has ruled that

answer

statutory rape laws that apply only to female victims are constitutional.

question

Which of the following statements about women's participation in the military is LEAST accurate?

answer

Women were not allowed to serve in the military before the Vietnam War.

question

Which of the following BEST characterizes Tea Party supporters?

answer

older, white, lean Republican

question

Which of the following statements BEST captures the Framers' attitude towards public opinion?

answer

Public opinion was potentially dangerous, but must not be ignored.

question

Straw polls from the turn of the twentieth century drew their information primarily from

answer

lists of experts, journalists, or subscribers to particular newspapers or consumer services

question

The key polling innovation introduced by George Gallup beginning in the 1930s and absent from the straw polls conducted by the Literary Digest in the 1920s was?

answer

marketing research techniques.

question

Over the course of the history of the American republic, political polling has grown more ...

answer

scientific

question

Which of the following cases BEST exemplifies the political concept of a life cycle effect?

answer

a married couple that, after purchasing a house and giving birth to a child, begins to develop a more economically conservative viewpoint from what it had previously espoused

question

Which of the following examples BEST illustrates the political concept of a "cohort"?

answer

young adults whose political beliefs have more in common with those of other people their own age than with those of their parents

question

Among the various agents of political socialization, which one usually has the most significant and lasting impact on individual citizens?

answer

families

question

When they become adults, children who were raised in politically-active households

answer

are more likely to volunteer their time for political causes than are most other citizens.

question

Members of which of the following religious groups are most likely to vote for Republican candidates?

answer

Mormons

question

Which of the following statements about religion and American politics is LEAST accurate?

answer

With regard to race, churches are among the most highly integrated institutions in the country.

question

Which of the following is LEAST likely to vote Democrat?

answer

a Mormon

question

Which of the following statements about the impact of education on American political beliefs is MOST accurate?

answer

Generally speaking, the American education system is designed with the hope of enacting the nation's ideals of egalitarianism.

question

Which of the following religious groups is MOST likely to vote for the Democratic Party?

answer

Jewish

question

Which of the following agents of political socialization generally have the least, or the least clear, influence on developing citizens' political views?

answer

the media and voluntary organizations

question

Which of the following statements about the relationship between media and political beliefs is MOST accurate?

answer

Television entertainment and television news both tend to portray government and political officials in a negative light.

question

The political views of which ethnic groups have received the LEAST attention from political scientists?

answer

Native Americans and Asian Americans

question

The average African American voter would be LEAST likely to support which of the following measures?

answer

a flat tax system

question

Generally speaking, female citizens...

answer

back government-based social welfare programs more strongly than male citizens.

question

The most appropriate term for the political culture of a state that values established moral principles and accepts a limited role for government in protecting them is

answer

traditionalistic.

question

Men are more likely than women to

answer

favor the death penalty for murderers.

question

Women exhibit less interest in and engagement with politics than their male counterparts; the exception to this pattern occurs

answer

in states having a female U.S. senator or a female governor.

question

The most appropriate term for the political culture of a state in which an active citizenry works together with the government in pursuit of the communal good is

answer

moralistic.

question

The citizens of which of the following states would be most likely to express strong admiration for American military leaders?

answer

Georgia

question

In studying the dimensions of public opinion, what does the term "direction" refer to?

answer

an individual's preference with respect to a particular issue

question

Which of the following tools is less a means of gauging public opinion than a negative campaigning technique?

answer

push polls

question

In the field of political polling, the relative importance that an individual ascribes to a particular issue is known as

answer

salience

question

Which of the following statements about trust and confidence among Americans is most accurate?

answer

Declines in trust and confidence in government seem to have contributed to a decline in volunteerism.

question

Which of the following is true of the American decline in trust in government or trust in general?

answer

Declining trust in government cuts across all demographic groups and ages.

question

Overall, Americans...

answer

have less confidence in Congress than they do in the presidency.

question

Conservative personalities are characterized by

answer

a.) suspicion of out-groups (e.g.immigrants). b.) a preference for strong leadership. c.) a desire for clear moral and behavioral codes. d.) support for swift & severe punishment for violation of moral & behavioral codes. e.) All these answers are correct.

question

Liberal personalities are characterized by

answer

an inherently optimistic view of human nature.

question

Ideologically, a person who stresses economic liberty and progressive social views is considered to be a

answer

libertarian.

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