Pyschology chp 11 (32 ?’s) – Flashcards
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A failure to develop a typical theory of mind has been linked to the development of ____ (Gopnik, Capps, & Meltzoff, 2000). a) down syndrome b) depression c) language anomalies d) autism
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D) autism
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A spurt in myelination occurs between 6-13 years in parts of the brain associated with ____. a) visual acuity b) emotional functioning c) language and spatial relations d) memory
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C) language and spatial relations
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About the same time that infants begin to crawl, 6-8 months, they also begin to show separation anxiety. This indicates that they ____. a) now recognize who does & doesn't belong in their social world b) have not bonded w/ any particular person/s c) insecure form of attachment d) have an avoidant form of attachment
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A) now recognize who does and does not belong in their social world
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According to Erikson, one key to successful intimacy in adulthood is to ____. a) have established a solid identity in adolescence b) be among the majority in forms of intimacy c) have had many relationships as a teenager d) spend time with family as well as peers
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A) have established a solid identity in adolescence
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At the onset of puberty, ____. a) brain is fully adult b) risk of schizophrenia decreases c) there is gray matter growth d) brain development is virtually complete
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c) there is gray matter growth
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During adolescence, which of the following reach(es) adult levels? a) working memory and reaction time b) problem solving abilities c) ability to use executive processes d) analytical thinking
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a) working memory and reaction time
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Midlife is most often a time of ____. a) midlife crisis b) many challenges c) smooth sailing d) great joy
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b) many challenges
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Research suggests that African American ; Hispanic youth who identify with an ethnic group during adolescence and young adulthood have ____). a) higher grade point averages b) more encounters w. law enforcement c) higher overall self-esteem d) greater generative capacity
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a) higher grade point averages
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The starting point of late adulthood best described as: a) becoming eligible for Medicare b) retirement age c) vague d) between age 70 and 72
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c) vague
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The study of human development considers changes in behavior ____. a) due to genetic history b) that correlate with growth or maturation c) due to experience d) that correlate environmental factors
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b) that correlate with growth or maturation
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The vast majority of genetic abnormalities in an embryo will result in ____. a) premature birth b) spontaneous abortion or miscarriage c) an infant with birth anomalies d) a normal birth
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b) spontaneous abortion or miscarriage
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What is the pattern of infant-caregiver bonding that can take several different forms, but is generally characterized as less desirable for the child's outcomes than secure attachment? a) disorganized b) insecure c) anxious-ambivalent d) avoidant
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b) insecure attachment
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What term describes a developing organism between the 3-8 weeks following conception in humans? a) embryo b) fetus c) zygote d) endoderm
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a) embryo
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Which of following best describes the relationships of older adults? a) Older adults have more friendships than younger adults. b) Older adults are more likely to form new friendships. c) Older adults don't gain significant benefits from their friendships. d) Older adults often find their relationships with siblings especially meaningful.
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d) Older adults often find their relationships with siblings especially meaningful.
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Which of the following types of intelligence is most likely to change due to aging? a) crystallized intelligence b) emotional intelligence c) general intelligence d) fluid intelligence
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d) fluid intelligence
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During what time period does the human brain show rapid growth in gray matter? a) During the final trimester of the pregnancy b) In the latter months of pregnancy ; first 18 mon. of life c) birth to age 12 months d) first 18 months of life
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b) In the latter months of pregnancy ; first 18 mon. of life
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How can adolescence best be described? a) period of physical changes leading to sexual maturity b) period of social development ending in ones mid-20s c) A period of development begn. at puberty ; ending at young adulthood d) A period of increasing maturity ; assumption of adult responsibilities
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c) A period of development begn. at puberty ; ending at young adulthood
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According to research (Kessler et al., 2003), who is least likely to experience depression? a) 65-year-old male b) 65-year-old female c) 30-year-old male d) 30-year-old female
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a) 65-year-old male
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Newborns show an innate preference for looking at faces. This preference ____. a) is uniquely human b) lacks an adaptive advantage c) quickly recedes after the first month d) provides advan. in social behavior ; lang. learning
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d) provides advantages in social behavior ; language learning
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We produce many more synapses than we need ; retain only those that are used in a "use it or lose it" fashion. This demonstrates? a) discontinuous model of development b) universal approach to development c) dominance of nature over nurture d) important role of experience wiring the brain
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d) important role of experience in wiring the brain
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A period of physical changes leading to sexual maturity is called ____. a) adolescence b) secondary sex characteristics c) menarche d) puberty
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d) puberty
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Which organ provides the developing fetus w. nutrients ; oxygen, ; protects it from exposure to a variety of toxins ; disease-causing agents? a) placenta b) ovaries c) uterus d) mammary glands
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a) placenta
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During which stage do cells begin to differentiate into 3 types: the ectoderm, mesoderm, ; endoderm? a) gestational b) fetus c) zygote d) embryo
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c) zygote
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What is an important elaboration of Piaget's concept of egocentrism? a) naive theories b) the information processing model c) attachment theory d) theory of mind
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d) theory of mind
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What is the best description of the starting point for midlife? a) It begins w. certain physical changes. b) It begins at age 40. c) It does not have a reliable set of indicators. d) indicated by a growing sense of mortality.
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c) It does not have a reliable set of indicators.
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What term describes a developing organism between 8-40 weeks following conception in humans? a) zygote b) endoderm c) embryo d) fetus
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d) fetus
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According to research (Fox, Hershberger, & Bouchard) who is most likely to reach milestones in motor development at the same time? a) fraternal twins b) two brothers c) identical twins d) two sisters
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c) identical twins
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Babies cant talk. Which of following are ways which researchers directly rate sensory capacities of babies? a) measures of heart rate, facial expression, and head movements b) traditional hearing & vision exams c) interviews with parents d) sign language w. the baby
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a) measures of heart rate, facial expression, and head movements
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Development is believed to ____. a) proceed gradually and smoothly over time b) continuous in aspects & discontinuous in others c) discontinuous in underlying processes & continuous in their observable aspect d) proceed somewhat abruptly from one stage to the next
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b) continuous in aspects & discontinuous in others
