Public Health: Test 2 – Flashcards

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The case of the greatest number of deaths annually in the United States is: A. Automobile accidents B. AIDS C. Smoking-related diseases D. Homicides
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C. Smoking-related diseases
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Cigarette smoking is known to be a major cause of death and disability from all of the following diseases except: A. Cancer B. Heart disease C. Low birthweight D. Alzheimer's disease
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D. Alzheimer's disease
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Which of the following statements is not true? A. The prevalence of cigarette smoking in the United States has increased since the 1960s B. College graduates are less likely to smoke than people with less education C. Joe Camel ads were most successful in raising consumption of Camel cigarettes among young people D. Environmental tobacco smoke causes many of the same harmful health effects as active smoking
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A. The prevalence of cigarette smoking in the United States has increased since the 1960s
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Which of the following interventions has proven most successful in reducing the prevalence o smoking among young people? A. Laws against selling tobacco to minors B. Raising cigarette taxes C. Bans on smoking indoors D. Doctors' recommendations
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B. Raising cigarette taxes
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Which of the following statements is not true? A. Congress has passed a law banning smoking in all public places B. The Food and Drug Administration has declared that nicotine is an addictive drug C. The tobacco industry has settled a lawsuit by the states by agreeing to pay them over $200 million D. Cigarette advertising on television and radio was banned in an agreement with the Federal Communications Commission
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A. Congress has passed a law banning smoking in all public places
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All of the following factors have contributed to governments' willingness to oppose tobacco companies except: A. Recognition that tobacco is addictive B. High cost of Medicare and Medicaid for treatment of tobacco-caused disease C. Moral disapproval of smoking D. Recognition that cigaret companies purposely manipulate nicotine levels
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C. Moral disapproval of smoking
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All of the following factors contributed to the increasing prevalence of smoking in the first half of the 20th century except: A. Mass marketing campaigns B. Distribution of free cigarettes to soldiers C. Fallacy of women's immunity D. Surgeon General's report
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D. Surgeon General's report
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Which of the following components of tobacco smoke keeps people addicted? A. Tar B. Nicotine C. Flavor D. Carbon monoxide
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B. Nicotine
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Which of the following statements about the prevalence of smoking is true? A. Prevalence among women is higher than men B. Prevalence among African Americans is higher than whites C. Prevalence among American Indians is higher than whites D. Prevalence among high school students is lower than adults
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C. Prevalence among American Indians is higher than whites
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All of the following factors have contributed to a reduction in the prevalence of smoking except: A. Taxes B. Tobacco companies' ads that smoking is an "adult" choice C. Evidence that tobacco companies use dishonest practices to hook new users D. Laws against smoking in indoor public places
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B. Tobacco companies' ads that smoking is an "adult" choice
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Which of the following statements is true? A. Nonsmoking spouses of smokers have an increased risk of lung cancer B. Filtered cigarettes are less harmful than unfiltered ones C. Smoking by teenagers won't damage their health because they can always quit later D. As a result of the MSA, tobacco companies have quit targeting ads to young people
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A. Nonsmoking spouses of smokers have an increased risk of lung cancer
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All of the following factors contributed to the tobacco industry's agreement to the Master Settlement Agreement except: A. Lawsuits by injured smokers B. Regulation by the FDA C. Lawsuit by state attorneys general D. Publication of tobacco industry internal documents
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B. Regulation by the FDA
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The Master Settlement Agreement included all of the following provisions except: A. Payment of $206 billion to 46 states over a 25 year period B. Restrictions on billboard advertising C. Creation of the American Legacy Foundation D. FDA regulation of nicotine in cigarettes
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D. FDA regulation of nicotine in cigarettes
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All of the following individuals played a role in forcing the tobacco industry to agree to the Master Settlement Agreement except: A. David Kessler B. Stanton Glantz C. R.J. Reynolds D. Michael Moore
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C. R.J. Reynolds
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The 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act permits all of the following actions by the FDA except: A. Ban on sale of all cigarettes B. Regulation of nicotine in cigarettes C. Restriction on advertising of cigarettes D. Requirement for disclosure of ingredients of cigarettes
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A. Ban on sale of all cigarettes
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The figure calculated by dividing the square of a person's weight in kilograms by the height in meters is called: A. Waist-to-hip ratio B. Body mass index C. Weight-to-height ratio D. Obesity
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B. Body mass index
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Obesity and inactivity have been shown to raise the risk of all of the following diseases except: A. Macular degeneration B. Cancer C. Cardiovascular disease D. Diabetes
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A. Macular degeneration
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Which of the following statements is false? A. The percentage of Americans who are overweight has increased over the past two decades B. The prevalence of obesity decreases with increasing education C. The prevalence of obesity in children follows a similar trend as that in adults D. Weight carried in the midsection is less harmful to health than extra weight in the hips
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D. Weight carried in the midsection is less harmful to health than extra weight in the hips
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Which of the following statements is true? A. Americans do not eat enough protein B. Americans should reduce the percentage of calories from carbohydrate C. Americans have increased the amount of soft drinks they consume D. Most Americans eat an average of five servings of fruits and vegetables per day
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C. Americans have increased the amount of soft drinks they consume
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Which of the following statements is false? A. The most effective way to lose weight is to combine diet and physical activity B. Vigorous exercise increases the risk of a hear attack C. Over one-third of American adults engage in no physical activity at all D. Obesity in children is associated with TV, computer, and video game time
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B. Vigorous exercise increases the risk of a hear attack
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Federal guidelines recommend that Americans eat more of all of the following foods except: A. Meat B. Fruits and vegetables C. Low fat milk products D. Whole grains
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A. Meat
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Federal guidelines recommend that Americans eat less of all of the following foods except: A. Meat B. Processed foods C. Whole grains D. Sweetened beverages
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C. Whole grains
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Which of the following food or drinks probably contributes the most to overweight in children? A. French fries B. Canned tomatoes C. Low fat milk products D. Soft drinks
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D. Soft drinks
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All of the following public health measures to combat obesity have been implemented in some places except: A. "5-a-Day" education campaigns B. Bans on marketing of food and beverages to children C. Requirements for food labeling D. Weight report cards
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B. Bans on marketing of food and beverages to children
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Lack of physical activity raises the risk of all of the following except: A. Death from cardiovascular disease B. High blood pressure C. Diabetes D. HDL
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D. HDL
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Which of the following statements is false? A. Exercise without calorie reduction is an efficient way to lose weight B. People who are physically active live longer C. Lean mass burns more calories than fat D. Health benefits can be achieved by brisk walking for 30 minutes a day
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A. Exercise without calorie reduction is an efficient way to lose weight
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Which of the following statements is false? A. Children and adolescents should be physically active at least 60 minutes per day B. Most high school students have daily physical education classes C. Children with a television in their bedroom are especially likely to be overweight D. Many children do not play outdoors because they live in unsafe neighborhoods
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B. Most high school students have daily physical education classes
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Which of the following statements regarding physical activity is false? A. Males are more active than females B. Whites are more active than African Americans C. Older adults are more active than younger ones D. People of higher SES are more active than those of low SES
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C. Older adults are more active than younger ones
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All of the following public health measures to increase physical activity have had success in some places except: A. Walking School Bus B. Aerobic dance programs in school C. Pedometers D. Requirements that primary care doctors counsel their patients
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D. Requirements that primary care doctors counsel their patients
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All of the following are examples of changing the social environment to combat obesity except: A. Constructing safe bike paths B. Well lit sidewalks C. Making highway medians a minimum of 3 feet wide D. Increasing the availability of nutritious food options
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C. Making highway medians a minimum of 3 feet wide
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Which of the following statements about injuries is false? A. Firearms are the leading cause of injury death in the U.S. B. Most injuries are not fatal C. Most fatal injuries are preventable D. Alcohol is a significant factor in about one-third of motor vehicle deaths
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A. Firearms are the leading cause of injury death in the U.S.
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All of the following are methods of primary prevention of motor vehicle injuries except: A. Laws that require annual inspection of automobile brakes B. Divided highways C. Laws against drunk driving D. Laws requiring seat belt use
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D. Laws requiring seat belt use
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Which of the following is a method of secondary prevention of motor vehicle injuries? A. Ambulances B. Laws against drunk driving C. Airbags D. Divided highways
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C. Airbags
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Which of the following statements is false? A. Homicide rates in the U.S. are among the highest in the developed world B. The only way to prevent firearms injuries is to ban guns C. One out of three American households possesses a firearm D. Use of guns accounts for the high rates of suicide among American adolescents
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B. The only way to prevent firearms injuries is to ban guns
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All of the following are public organizations are mandated to prevent injury except: A. CDC B. OSHA C. NRA D. NHTSA
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C. NRA
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Which of the following statements regarding injury rates and SES is false? A. Substandard housing increases the risk of house fires B. Homicides are more common in poor neighborhoods C. Poor people are more likely to have high-risk jobs D. Poor people are more likely to use cell phones while driving
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D. Poor people are more likely to use cell phones while driving
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Which of the following statemtns is false? A. Males have higher injury rates than females B. African Americans have higher injury rates than whites C. Old people have higher injury rates than young people D. Poor people have higher injury rates than rich people
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C. Old people have higher injury rates than young people
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Which of the following is not one of the three "E's" of injury prevention: A. Engineering B. Environment C. Education D. Enforcement
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B. Environment
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In attemtps to prevent motor vehicle injuries, which component of the analysis is most susceptible to education? A. Host B. Agent C. Environment D. Airbags
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A. Host
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All of the following contribute to motor vehicle injuries exceptL A. Alcohol B. Youth C. Cell phone use D. Motorcycle helmets
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D. Motorcycle helmets
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The second leading cause of injury death in the U.S. is: A. Motor vehicles B. Firearms C. Poisoning D. Falls
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C. Poisoning
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All of the following expressions are related to motor vehicle injury prevention except: A. Unsafe at Any Speed B. Children Can't Fly C. Boulevard of Death D. MADD
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B. Children Can't Fly
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The leading cause of occupational injury death is: A. Motor vehicle crashes B. Poisoning C. Falls D. Homicide
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A. Motor vehicle crashes
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Traumatic brain injuries are common in all of the following except: A. Boxers B. Football players C. Motor vehicle crashes D. Females
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D. Females
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Which of the following is the research agency for occupational health and safety? A. Occupational Safety and Health Administration B. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health C. National Research Agency for Occupational Health and safety D. Worker's Research Union
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B. National Institute for Occupational Safety and Healt
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Which of the following statements is false? A. Poverty is the number one risk factor for infant mortality B. The risk of infant mortality is higher for children of adolescent mothers than of older women C. The United States has among the lowest IMRs of developed countries worldwide D. The IMR in the United States has declined in the past two decades
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C. The United States has among the lowest IMRs of developed countries worldwide
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All of the following can prevent congenital anomalies except: A. Genetic screening B. Warning labels on alcoholic beverages C. Folic acid supplements D. Advising pregnant women to sleep on their backs
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D. Advising pregnant women to sleep on their backs
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The most important public health intervention for preventing infant mortality is: A. Intensive care nurseries B. Prenatal care C. Natural Childbirth D. In vitro fertilization
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B. Prenatal care
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Which of the following statements is true? A. Adolescents who have had comprehensive sex education in school initiate sex at an earlier age than those who have not B. The U.S. has a higher rate of adolescent pregnancies than other Western democracies C. The vast majority of unintended pregnancies occur in adolescents D. Teaching adolescents about the importance of abstinence will prevent most unintended pregnancies
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B. The U.S. has a higher rate of adolescent pregnancies than other Western democracies
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All of the following public health measures instituted by federal, state, or local governments are widespread and effective except: A. Preventative care to control asthma B. Immunization against measles C. Fluoridation of water supplies to prevent tooth decay D. Food stamps to prevent malnutrition
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A. Preventative care to control asthma
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All of the following factors contribute to preterm birth and low birth weight except: A. Adolescent pregnancy B. Maternal smoking C. Prenatal care D. Gum disease
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C. Prenatal care
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All of the following maternal exposures are known to cause congenital anomalies except: A. Accutane B. Alcohol C. Folic acid D. Reubella virus
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B. Alcohol
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Which of the following statements about SIDS is false? A. It is a diagnosis of exclusion B. It is more common in Australia and New Zealand than in the U.S. C. It is more common in African Americans than in whites D. The risk can bet greatly reduced by putting infants to sleep on their backs
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C. It is more common in African Americans than in whites
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All of the following are effective methods of birth control except: A. Spermicides B. IUDs C. Hormonal contraceptives D. Condoms
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A. Spermicides
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All of the following are governmental programs to provide nutrition to women and children except: A. WIC B. HPV C. School Meals Program D. SNAP
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B. HPV
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Which of the following statements regarding childhood immunization is false? A. Virtually all children are vaccinated against polio before they enter school B. Many preschool children are not immunized because ethic miss well-baby care C. Immunization rates are tracked by the CDC D.Virtually all children are vaccinated against asthma before ethic enter school
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D.Virtually all children are vaccinated against asthma before ethic enter school
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Which of the following is the number one cause of infant death in the United States? A. Adolescent pregnancies lead to healthier outcomes for both mother and child as compared to women in their 20s B. The "Back to Sleep" campaign was unsuccessful in reducing SIDS rates C. Over 95% of American women receive prenatal care D. Fortifying foods with folic acid reduces birth defects in a population
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D. Fortifying foods with folic acid reduces birth defects in a population
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All of the following have been linked to mental illness in children except: A. Malnutrition during pregnancy B. Exposure to folic acid during pregnancy C. Maternal depression D. Child abuse and neglect
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B. Exposure to folic acid during pregnancy
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What is the greatest barrier to reviewing mental health treatment? A. Lack of awareness B. Misdiagnosis C. Stigma D. Cost
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D. Cost
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______ is more likely to attempt suicide and ______ is more likely to commit suicide. A. Boys; boys B. Boys; girls C. Girls; girls D. Girls; boys
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D. Girls; boys
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Which of the following disorders has higher rates among males than females? A. Panic disorder B. ADHD C. Major depression D. Bipolar disorder
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B. ADHD
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Approximately ______ of all Americans will develop at least one mental illness in their lifetime. A. 10% B. 25% C. 50% D. 90%
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C. 50%
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Which of the following is the most prevalent type of mental illness? A. Anxiety disorders B. Mood disorders C. Substance disorders D. Impulse control disorders
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C. Substance disorders
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What population is most likely to experience impulse-control and substance disorders? A. Females B. Males C. Adults age 60 and over D. Northeasterners
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B. Males
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Bipolar disorder is considered which type of mental illness? A. Anxiety disorder B. Psychosis C. Mood disorder D. Disturbance of cognition
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C. Mood disorder
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Which of the following regarding mental health is true? A. Mental illness is difficult to track due to overlapping symptoms B. Mental illness does not tied to be associated with physical ailments C. Mental illness is relatively uncommon in the general population D. Older adults are most at risk for all types of mental illness
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A. Mental illness is difficult to track due to overlapping symptoms
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder is considered which type of mental illness? A. Psychosis B. Mood disorder C. Disturbance of cognition D. anxiety disorder
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D. anxiety disorder
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Nicotine is a carcinogen. A. True B. False
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B. False
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Cigarette advertising on television was banned in agreement with the Federal Communications Commission. A. True B. False
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A. True
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Cigarette companies purposefully manipulate nicotine levels in order to make cigarettes more addictive to consumers A. True B. False
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A. True
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The Body Mass Index is a standard measure used by health professionals to determine health risks associated with obesity A. True B. False
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A. True
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All children are required to get the HPV vaccine prior to entering middle school. A. True B. False
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B. False
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pregnant women are encouraged to use teratogens during their pregnancy. A. True B. False
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B. False
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Mental health disorders are influenced by both genetics and environmental factors. A. True B. False
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A. True
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