question

Side Effect Of Steroidal Meds

answer

Bruising Moon Face Weight Gain

question

Cephalexin

answer

Keflex

question

Amoxcillin clavulanate

answer

Augmentin

question

Bacteriostatic

answer

prevents the growth of bacteria, but does not kill bacteria

question

Clozapine

answer

is an antipsychotic agent

question

Antoconvulsant agent

answer

Carbamazepine Clonazepam Phenytoin

question

Forms of Estradiol

answer

Climara Estrace Estraderm

question

Premarin

answer

contains conjugated estrogens

question

CMS

answer

sets regulations regarding standards for resident care as a result of OBRA 87

question

Pseudoephedrine

answer

is contraindicated for an individual with hyper tension

question

Amantadine ( Symmetrel)

answer

used as influenza A treatment

question

Acyclovir ( Zovirax)

answer

used to treat genital herpes

question

cidofovir(Vistide)

answer

is used to treat cytomegalvirus

question

Vidarabine (Vira A)

answer

opthalamic agent

question

Diuretics

answer

have a tendency to remove potassium from body

question

DUE

answer

is mandated under OBRA 90

question

0.96 liters or 1 liter

answer

1 qt

question

The maximum #of different Sched II drugsallowed on a form 222 is

answer

10

question

USP DI, Volume II

answer

provides info to assist the pharmacist in counseling patients

question

Drug Facts & comparisons

answer

provide info on brand, generic, orphanand investigational meds It also provides drug monograms and drug identifications and calculations

question

USP DI, Volume I

answer

provides info for labeled and unlabeled use of meds

question

USP DI Volume III

answer

contains state and federal requirements of meds

question

Cocaine is a sched II drug

answer

MAOIs and SSRIs must not be taken together

question

Digoxin Lanoxin

answer

is a cardiac glycoside

question

diltiazem

answer

cortiazem

question

verapamil

answer

Isoptin

question

nifedipine

answer

Procardia

question

Chemotherapy products

answer

should be prepared in a horizontal flow hood

question

What type of ointment base is hydrous lanolin?

answer

Water/oil emulsion base

question

fluvastatin

answer

LEscol

question

pravastatin

answer

Pravachol

question

simvastatin

answer

Mevacor

question

Drugs used to treat COPD

answer

Albuterol Ipratropium bromide Salmeterol

question

Guaifensin

answer

is an expectorant

question

THE CMS

answer

replaced HCFA

question

For whom is trazodone contraindicated?

answer

For young men

question

Aseptic technique

answer

is used in the preparation of intraveneous products

question

Synergistic effect

answer

When two or more drugs combine to previde a response that is greater than the sum of two individual drugs

question

Cascara Sagrada

answer

herbal product used as laxative

question

Inventory

answer

merchandise available for sale

question

Home infusion therapies include

answer

Pain management chemotherapy Antiinfective agents

question

In what multiples of whaat # should tablets or capsules be counted with a spatula?

answer

5

question

1 gr

answer

65 mg

question

APAP

answer

possesses analgesic and antipyretic activity

question

Zyban

answer

smoking cessation aid

question

disulfiram

answer

will produce an adverse effectif alcohol is consumed during course of therapy

question

horizontal

answer

front to back

question

DAW code 2

answer

should be used if the physician authorizes the use of a generic drug but the patient request the brand name drug

question

Avandia

answer

rosiglitazone

question

pioglitazone

answer

Actos

question

glimepiride

answer

Amaryl

question

laminar flow hoods

answer

should be cleaned at the beginning of every shift

question

TJC

answer

establishes standards of care for hospitals and long term care facilities

question

Capoten

answer

is a beta blocker

question

Avapro, Cozaar and Diovan

answer

are angiotensin II agonists

question

Pharmokinetics

answer

the study of drugs within the body, absorption , distribution, metabolism, excretion

question

Pharmocology

answer

the study of how drugs work( mechanism of action)

question

DEA Form 222

answer

is valid 60 days after being written

question

Heparin i

answer

is available only as injectable solution

question

Beta Blockers

answer

will not interact with oral contraceptives

question

Subcutaneous injections should have angle of insertion

answer

45 degrees

question

Intradermal injections

answer

should have 10- 15 degree angle

question

Intramuscular injections should have

answer

90 degree angle

question

Class A balance

answer

is used to weigh quantities less than 120 mg

question

Counter balances

answer

can weigh up to 5 kg

question

Sublingual tablets

answer

bypass digestive system

question

Alkylating agents, antimetabolites, and hormones

answer

are agents used as antineoplastics

question

Used to treat gastrointestinal problems

answer

Antacids H receptor antagonist Proton Pump inhibitors

question

Econazole ( Spectazole)

answer

is an antifungal agent

question

dextromethorphan

answer

Non opoid cough suppressant

question

Benzonatate

answer

Tessalon Perles- should not be chewed

question

Retrovir

answer

Zidovudine

question

Spansules

answer

contain small pellets or beads

question

Auralgan

answer

is used to treat swimmers ear

question

Used to treat Vertigo

answer

Antivert Dramamine Transderm scop

question

itis

answer

inflammation

question

malacia

answer

softening

question

pathy

answer

disease

question

Albuterol

answer

an oral inhalation agent to relieve bronchospasms that should be shaken before used

question

chondr

answer

cartilage

question

myel

answer

bone morrow

question

Medicare

answer

largest single medical benefits program in the US

question

Ipecac

answer

an emetic that enduces vomiting

question

Emetrol ondansetron promethazine

answer

are antiemetics

question

Antidote for an excess of warfarin

answer

Phytonadione ( Vitamin k)

question

cefuroxine (Cefin)

answer

is a second generation cephalosporin

question

Fillers

answer

are used to increase the physical size of a tablet

question

Inscription

answer

medication being prescribed to the patient

question

Signa

answer

directions to the patient

question

Oral routes of administration undergo

answer

first pass effect

question

fibromyalgia

answer

pain of the muscles

question

capsules

answer

can be prepared by punch method

question

Epilepsy

answer

disease of the nerves

question

Taking both nitrotest and sildenafil

answer

will result in hypotension

question

Hard rubber spatula

answer

used in handling iodine

question

Dipentum

answer

osalazine

question

Rowasa

answer

can be either suppository or enema

question

Asacol

answer

is a tablet

question

Pentase

answer

is a capsule

question

Depakote

answer

divalproex

question

gabapentin

answer

Neurontin

question

primidone

answer

Mysoline

question

valproic acid

answer

Depakene

question

Laminar flow hoods

answer

reduce the risk of contaminating when preparing IV admixtures

question

Dept Of Labor

answer

oversees OSHA

question

PDR

answer

is published yearly

question

DSHEA 1994

answer

classified herbal productsas dietary supplements rather than medications

question

A chemo spill kit

answer

is essential in handling cytotoxic durg spills

question

Metformin tablets

answer

must be placed in child resistant containers

question

PSA

answer

prostate specific antigen

question

DEA Form 41

answer

to destroy controlled substances

question

resperidone

answer

psychosis

question

imipramine

answer

Tofranil

question

sildenafil citrate

answer

erectile dysfunction

question

fluticasone propronate

answer

asthma

question

PSA

answer

prostate specific antigen

question

ketek

answer

telithromycin

question

tolterodine

answer

urinary incontinence

question

desogestrel/ethinyl estradiol

answer

Mircette

question

Prilosec

answer

omeprazole

question

Ginseng

answer

increase energy, decrease stress

question

levoflaxin

answer

bacterial infection

question

Accutane

answer

isoretinoin

question

Lotensin

answer

benazepril

question

insulin lispro

answer

humalog

question

ibandronate

answer

osteoporosis

question

valsartan

answer

hypertension

question

valproate

answer

epilepsy

question

cortaid

answer

hydrocortisone

question

Effexor XR

answer

VENLAFAXINE

question

Toporol XL

answer

metaprolol

question

alprazolam

answer

Xanax

question

Dyazide or Maxzide

answer

may cause photosensitivity

question

Lorabid

answer

macrolide antibiotic

question

Keflex, Suprax, Vantin

answer

cephalosporin

question

Colchicine

answer

is used in the treatment of gout

question

NSAIDS

answer

celecoxib Ibuprofen oxaprozin

question

insulin syringes do not come in sizes greater tan

answer

1 cc

question

Phenazopyridine (pyridium)

answer

my discolor urine orange

question

NPTA

answer

founded run and promoted by pharmacy techs

question

OBRA 90 mandated

answer

DUE

question

Itraconazole

answer

uses pulse dosing

question

Diuretic

answer

reduces total pheriperal resistance in treatment of hypertension

question

auxilliary label

answer

strip label

question

2 methods of pharmacy claims submission to third party payer?

answer

Electronic and hard copy

question

Folic acid

answer

is necessary in the production of red blood cells

question

Generically equivalent drugs

answer

Chemically identical in strength, concentration dosage form and route of admnistration

question

Cardura

answer

NSAIDS

question

Estrace Fentanyl Nitroglycerin

answer

avaiilable as transdermal patch

question

Protamine SUlfate

answer

antidote for heparin

question

how long are schedule II drug records kept for

answer

7 years

question

How long are all other records kept for

answer

2 years

question

how many control schedules are there

answer

5

question

Schedule 1

answer

Each drug has a high potential for abuse and no accepted medical use in the U.S

question

Schedule 2

answer

Has a high potential for abuse and may lead to physical or psychological dependence but also has a currently accepted medical use in the u.s. EX: Amphetamines,opium,cocaine, methadone

question

Schedule 3

answer

drugs potential for abuse is less than those in 1 and 2 and there is currently accepted medical use in U.S but abuse may lead to moderate or low physical dependence or high psychological dependence. EX: anabolic steroids, and various compounds containing limited quantities of narcotic substances such as codeine

question

Schedule 4

answer

Has a low potential for abuse relative to schedule 3 drugs and there is currently accepted medical use in the U.S but abuse may lead to limited physical dependence or psychological dependence EX: Phenobarbital, the sedative chloral hydrate, and the anesthetic methohexital

question

Schedule 5

answer

low potential for abuse relative to schedule 4 drugs. compounds contaning limited amounts of a narcotic such as codeine

question

Where are Schedule 2 drugs usually kept

answer

Generally stored in a locked, tamper-proof narcotics cabinate

question

What is DEA Form 222

answer

Used to order C-I and C-II substances

question

What is DEA Form 106

answer

report of theft or loss of controlled substances

question

What is MedWatch

answer

FDA maintained which encourages health care professionals to report adverse effects that occur from the use of and approved drug or other medical products

question

Adverse effect

answer

an unintended side effect of a medication that is negative in some way injurious to a patients health

question

recall

answer

the action taken to remove a drug from the market and have it returned to the manufacturer

question

how many classes of recalls are there and what is the most serious

answer

3 classes and class 1

question

Class 1 recall

answer

where there is a strong likelihood that the product will cause serious adverse effects or death

question

Class 2 recall

answer

the product may cause temporary but reversible adverse effects, or in which there is little likelihood of serious adverse effects

question

Class 3 recall

answer

Where a product is not likely to cause adverse effects

question

What is JCAHO

answer

an independent non-profit organization that establishes standards and monitors compliance for nearly twenty thousand health care programs in the U.S

question

Before a drug can be marketed

answer

It must be shown through testing that it is safe and effective for its intended use.

question

where dose digitalis come from and what is is most commonly used to treat

answer

The foxglove plant and treating heart disease

question

What is the Human Genome project

answer

an attempt to map the entire DNA sequence in the human genome.

question

Pharmacology

answer

The study of drugs-their properties, uses, application, and effects

question

Pharmacognosy

answer

the study of physical, chemical, biochemical, and biological properties of drugs as well as the search for new drugs from natural sources

question

pharmacopeia

answer

an authoritative listing of drugs and issues relating to their use

question

pharmaceutical

answer

of or about drugs; also, a drug product.

question

hormones

answer

chemical produced by the body that regulate body functions and proceses

question

1970 controlled substance act(CSA)

answer

The CSA classifies five levels of drugs (controlled substances) that have potential for abuse and therefore restricts their distribution

question

1970 poison prevention packaging act

answer

requires child-proof packaging on all controlled and most prescription drugs

question

1938 Food, Drug and cosmetic (FDC) Act

answer

in response to the fatal poisoning of 107 people. This comprehensive law requires new drug be shown to be safe before marketing

question

1951 Durham-Humphrey Amendment

answer

This law defines what drugs require a prescription by a licensed practitioner and require the legend on its label

question

Legend drug

answer

any drug which requires a prescription and either of these "legends" on the label: "Caution Federal law prohibits dispensing without a prescription," or "Rx only"

question

How many testing phases are there in humans

answer

3

question

Phase 1

answer

20-100 patients, time:several months, purpose:mainly safety

question

Phase 2

answer

up to several hundred patients, time:several months to two years, purpose:short-term safety but mainly effectiveness

question

Phase 3

answer

several hundred to several thousand patients, time: one to four years, purpose:safety, dosage, and effectiveness

question

How long is a drug patent in effect for

answer

17 years from the date of the drugs discovery (Book) or 20 years from date patent filed (Packet)

question

Hatch-Waxman Act of 1984

answer

To provide up to five year extensions of patent protection to the paten holders to make up for time lost while products went through the FDA approval process

question

Pharmaceutical equivalent

answer

drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredients in the same dosage form

question

therapeutic equivalent

answer

pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients

question

product labeling

answer

important associated information that is not on the label of a drug product itself, but is provided with the product in the form of an insert, brochure, or other document

question

Combat Methamphetamine Epidemic Act

answer

sets daily and monthly restrictions (3.6 grams per day and 7.5 grams per month)

question

What dose Each Set of NDC Numbers indicate

answer

First Set: Manufacturer Second set: Indicates the medication, its strength, and dosage form Third Set: indicated package size

question

minimum requirements on prescription labels for most drugs

answer

name and address of dispenser, prescription serial number, date of prescription or filing, expiration date, name of prescriber

question

Systolic phase

answer

the blood pressure as the heart is pumping blood into the cardiovascular system

question

diastolic phase

answer

the blood pressure after the heart has completed a pumping stroke

question

Alveoli

answer

a part of the lungs where gases are exchanged between blood and the air

question

nephron

answer

the functional unit of the kidney responsible for removing wastes from the blood and producing urine

question

extemporaneous compounding

answer

the on-demand preparation of a drug product according to a physicians prescription, formula, or recipe

question

local effect

answer

when drug activity is at the site of administration

question

systemic effect

answer

when a drug is introduced into the venous (circulatory) system and carried to the site of activity

question

enteral route

answer

refers to anything involving the alimentary tract i.e. from the mouth to the tectum

question

What are the 4 enteral routes of administration

answer

oral, sublingual, buccal, and rectal

question

parental administration

answer

refers to any sites of administration that are outside of or beside the alimentary tract

question

what are the 7 routes of parenteral administration

answer

intraocular, intranasal, inhalation, intravenous, intramuscular, intradermal, and dermal

question

disintegration

answer

the breaking apart of a tablet into smaller pieces

question

dissolution

answer

when the smaller pieces of a disintegrated tablet dissole in solution

question

Solutions

answer

a clear liquid made up of one or more ingredients dissolved in a solvent

question

solvent

answer

a liquid that can dissolve another substance to form a solution

question

emulsions

answer

mixture of two liquids that do not mix with each other in which one liquid is dispersed through the other by using a stabilizer called an emulsifier

question

Suspensions

answer

are formulations in which the drug dose not completely dissolve in the solvent

question

Sterile

answer

a sterile condition is one which is free of all microorganisms, both harmful and harmless

question

Buffer system

answer

ingredients in a formulation designed to control pH

question

diluent

answer

a solvent that dissolves a freeze dried powder or dilutes a solution

question

biocompatibility

answer

not irritating: does not promote infection or abscess

question

percutaneous absorption

answer

the absorption of drugs through the skin, often a systemic effect

question

Vaginal dosage forms

answer

(e.g. suppositories, tablets, solutions) most often used for local effect. however long term systemic effects can be achieved with IUD

question

Dermal Formulations

answer

vary from gels and lotions aerosols, ointments, and pastes. Transdermal patches are also common dosage form

question

Inhalation dosage forms

answer

deliver drugs to the lungs. MDI aerosols, dry powder inhalers, and nebulizers are common devises used to administer drugs through this route

question

Intranasal administration

answer

of some drugs produce blood concentrations similar to where the drug is intravenously administered

question

intradermal administration

answer

used for diagnostics, desensitization, and immunization

question

Subcutaneous route

answer

can be used for both short term and long term therapies. insulin is the most important drug routinely administered by this route

question

Intramuscular injections

answer

generally result in lower but longer lasting blood concentrations than with intravenous administration

question

aseptic techniques

answer

techniques or methods that maintain the sterile condition of products

question

pyrogens

answer

Chemicals produced by microorganisms that can cause pyretic(fever) reactions in patients

question

osmotic pressure

answer

a characteristic of a solution determined by the number of dissolved particles in it

question

isotonic

answer

when a solution has an osmolarity equivalent to that of blood

question

hypertonic

answer

solution has greater osmolarity than blood

question

hypotonic

answer

when a solution has a lesser osmolarity than blood

question

Large Volume Parental Solutions (LVP)

answer

are intravenous solutions packaged in containers holding 100ml or more

question

what are common uses of LVP solutions without aditives

answer

include correction of electrolyte and fluid balance disturbances, nutrition, and vehicles for a administering other drugs

question

Compound sterile preparation

answer

a compounded sterile parenteral dosage form that will be parenterally administered

question

Chapter

answer

provides guidelines for the development and implication of essential policies and procedures for the safe preparation of CSPs

question

Small volume parental solutions (SVP)

answer

are usually packaged products that are either directly administered to a patient or added to another parenteral formulation

question

additive

answer

a drug that is added to a parenteral solution

question

admixture

answer

the resulting solution when a drug is added to a parenteral solution

question

ready-to-mix

answer

a specially designed mini bag where a drug is put into the SVP just prior to administration.

question

Total parenteral nutrition solution (TPN)

answer

complex solutions with two base solutions (amino acids and dextrose) and additional micro-nutrients

question

Total nutrient admixture solution (TNA)

answer

a TPN solution that contains intravenous fat emulsion

question

Peritoneal dialysis solution

answer

a solution placed in and emptied from the peritoneal cavity to remove toxic substances

question

irrigation solution

answer

large volume splash solutions used during surgical or urologic procedures to bathe and moisten body tissue

question

osmosis

answer

the action in which a drug in a higher concentration solution passes through a permeable membrane to a lower concentration solution

question

dialysis

answer

movement of particles in a solution through permeable membranes

question

what are the parts of a needle

answer

hub, shaft, bevel, and lumen

question

hub

answer

the part of the needle that attaches to the syringe

question

shaft

answer

the stem of the needle that provides the overall length of the needle

question

bevel

answer

an angled surface at the tip of a needle

question

gauge

answer

a measurement with needles: the higher the gauge, the smaller the lumen

question

lumen

answer

the hollow center of a needle

question

depth filter

answer

a filter that can filter solutions being drawn into or expelled from a syringe but not both ways in the same precedure

question

membrane filter

answer

a filter that filters solution as the solution is expelled from the syringe

question

final filter

answer

a filter placed immediately before a solution enters a patients vein

question

flow rate

answer

the rate at which the solution is administered to the patient

question

piggybacks

answer

small volume solutions connected to an LVP

question

heparin lock

answer

an administration device used when a primary LVP solution is not available

question

USP/NF

answer

regulations require that every parenteral compounding facility to have a quality assurance program

question

Chapter

answer

regulations from USP/NF pertaining to the nonsterile compounding of formulations

question

Chapter

answer

regulations from USP/NF pertaining to the sterile compounding of formulations

question

formulation record

answer

formulas and procedures for what should happen when a formulation is compounded

question

compounding record

answer

a record of what actually happened when the formulation was compounded

question

expiration date

answer

required on commercially manufactured products and are determined after extensive study of products stability

question

Beyond-use dates

answer

used for compounded preparations only

question

What is the minimum weighable quantity a Class A balance can have

answer

120mg

question

What is the maximum weighable quantity a Class A balance can have

answer

60grams

question

aliquot

answer

a portion of a mixture

question

calibrate

answer

to set mark or check the graduations of a measuring devise

question

sensitivity

answer

the amount of weight that will move the balance pointer one division mark on the marker plate

question

what side should the material to be weighed be on

answer

the left pan

question

what side should the weights be placed on

answer

the right pan

question

what is the preferred pipet for compounding

answer

calibrated pipet

question

geometric dilution

answer

a technique for mixing two powders of unequal quantity

question

levigation

answer

triturating a powder drug with a solvent in which it is insoluble to reduce its particle size

question

flocculating agent

answer

electrolytes used in the preparation of suspensions to form particles that can be easily redispersed

question

thickening agent

answer

an ingredient used in the preparation of suspensions to increase the viscosity of the liquid

question

immiscible

answer

cannot be mixed

question

emulsifier

answer

a stabilizing agent in emulsions

question

water-in-oil emulsion

answer

an emulsion in which water is dispersed through an oil base

question

oil-in-water emulsion

answer

an emulsion in which oil is dispersed through a water base

question

hydrophilic emulsifier

answer

a stabilizing agent for water based dispersion mediums

question

lipophilic emulsifier

answer

a stabilizing agent for oil based dispersion mediums

question

what is the continental method

answer

one of the methods for preparing emulsions. also known as the Dry Gum Method

question

Primary Emulsion

answer

the initial emulsion to which ingredients are added to create the final product

question

Compression molding

answer

a method of making suppositories in which the ingredients are compressed in a mold

question

fusion molding

answer

a suppository preparation method in which the active ingredients are dispersed or dissolved in a melted suppository base

question

what is the objective of Drug Therapy

answer

to deliver the right drug in the right concentration to the right site of action, and at the right time to produce the desired effect

question

site of action

answer

the location where and administered drug produces and effect

question

receptor

answer

the cellular material located at the site of action that interacts with the drug

question

selective (action)

answer

the characteristic of a drug that makes its action specific to certain receptors and tissues

question

agonists

answer

drugs that activate receptors to accelerate or slow normal cellular function

question

antagonists

answer

drugs that bind with receptors but do not activate them. they block receptor action by preventing other drugs or substances from activating them

question

biopharmaceutics

answer

the study of the factors associated with drug products and physiological processes and the resulting systemic concentrations of drugs

question

minimum effective concentration (MEC)

answer

the blood concentration needed for a drug to produce a response

question

onset of action

answer

the time MEC is reached and the response occurs

question

therapeutic window

answer

a drugs blood concentration range between its MEC and MTC

question

minimum toxic concentration (MTC)

answer

the upper limit of the therapeutic window. Drug concentrations above the MTC increase the risk of undesired effects

question

duration of action

answer

the time drug concentration is above the MEC

question

What dose ADME stand for

answer

absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion

question

Half-life

answer

the amount of time it takes for the blood concentration of a drug to decline one-half an initial value

question

disposition

answer

a term sometimes used to refer to all of the ADME processes together

question

elimination

answer

the processes of metabolism and excretion

question

unionized drugs

answer

are more lipid soluble and penetrate biological membranes more easily than ionized drugs

question

ionized drugs

answer

associate with water molecules, creating larger particles with reduced penetrating capability

question

passive diffusion

answer

the movement of drugs from an area of higher concentration to lower concentration

question

active transport

answer

the movement of drugs from an area of lower concentration to an area of higher concentration

question

absorption

answer

the movement of a drug from the dosage formulation to the blood

question

gastric emptying time

answer

the time a drug will stay in the stomach before it is emptied into the small intestine

question

protein binding

answer

the attachment of a drug molecule to a plasma or tissue protein, effectively making the drug inactive but also keeping it within the body

question

metabolite

answer

the substance resulting from the bodies transformation of an administered drug

question

enzyme

answer

a complex protein that catalyzes chemical reactions

question

enzyme induction

answer

the increase in hepatic enzyme activity that results in greater metabolism of drugs

question

enzyme inhibition

answer

the decrease in hepatic enzyme activity that results in reduced metabolism of drugs

question

enterohepatic cycling

answer

the transfer of drugs and their metabolites from the liver to the bile in the gallbladder then into the intestine and then back into circulation

question

first-pass metabolism

answer

the substance degradation of an orally administered drug caused by enzyme metabolism in the liver before the drug reaches the systemic circulation

question

pharmaceutical equivalent

answer

drug products that contain identical amounts of the same active ingredient in the same dosage form

question

pharmaceutical alternative

answer

drug products that contain the same ACTIVE INGREDIENTS but not necessarily in the same salt form, amount, or dosage form

question

therapeutic equivalent

answer

pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients

question

bioavailability

answer

the relative amount of an administered dose that reaches the general circulation and the rate at which this occurs

question

bioequivalency

answer

the comparison of bioavailability btwn two dosage forms

question

pharmacogenetics

answer

a field of study which defines the hereditary basis of individual distribution metabolism and excretion

question

adverse drug reaction

answer

an unintended side effect of a medication that is negative or in some way injurous to a patients health

question

idiosyncrasy

answer

an unexpected reaction the first time a drug is taken generally due to genetic causes

question

complexation

answer

when two different molecules associate or attach to each other

question

displacement

answer

a drug that is bound to a plasma protein is removed when another drug of greater binding potential binds to the same protein

question

additive effects

answer

the summation in effect when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions are taken

question

synergism

answer

when two drugs with similar pharmacological actions produce greater effects than the sum of individual effects

question

potentiation

answer

when one drug with no inherent activity of its own increases the activity of another drug that produces an effect

question

primary literature

answer

original reports of clinical and other types of research projects and studies

question

secondary literature

answer

general reference works based upon primary literature sources

question

tertiary literature

answer

condensed works based on primary literature such as textbooks,monographs,etc

question

Drug Facts and Comparisons

answer

used to compare medications in the same therapeutic class

question

Martindale, The Complete Drug Reference

answer

Used to research foreign drugs

question

AHFS Drug Information

answer

Used when investigating off label medication indications

question

Handbook on Injectable Drugs

answer

includes info on preparation, storage, administration, compatibility, and drug stability of injectable drugs

question

Red Book

answer

provides the latest pricing information, including nationally recognized AWP's and suggested retail prices for OTC products

question

Orange Book

answer

the common name for the FDA's Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence

question

In the Orange Book what dose Code A stand for

answer

are considered equivalent

question

In the Orange Book what dose Code B stand for

answer

Documented as nonequivalent

question

American Drug Index

answer

Use this reference to find trade and generic names

question

Merk Index

answer

Use when information on chemical attributes of drugs is needed

question

Physicians Desk Reference

answer

the info is similar the pharmaceutical manufactures drug package inserts since manufactures prepare the essential drug info found in the PDR

question

How often is Remington published

answer

every 5 years

question

formulary

answer

a list of medications approved for use

question

open formulary

answer

a system that allows a pharmacy to use an prescribed medications

question

closed formulary

answer

a limited list of approved medications

question

therapeutic equivalent

answer

pharmaceutical equivalents that produce the same effects in patients

question

perpetual inventory

answer

a system that maintains a continuous record of every item in inventory so that it always shows the current amount of stock on hand

question

point of sale system

answer

an inventory system in which the item is deducted from inventory as it is sold or dispensed

question

reorder points

answer

minimum and maximum stock levels which determine when a reorder is placed and for how much

question

what is Backer Cells and example of

answer

an automated counting/filling device

question

what is Parata RDS

answer

robotic dispensing machine

question

what is Homerus and example of

answer

a centralized robotic unit dose dispensing device

question

Automated dispensing system

answer

a system in which medications are dispensed upon confirmation of an order communicated from a centralized computer system at their point-of-use

question

Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)

answer

OSHA required notices on hazardous substances which provide hazard handling clean-up, and first aid info

question

unit-dose packaging

answer

a package containing a single dose of a medication

question

what should the temperature of refrigeration usually be

answer

40-42 F

question

Room Temperature

answer

59-86 F

question

What dose each Unit-dose package contain

answer

name of the drug, strength, and the expiration date

question

Pharmacy benefit managers

answer

companies that administer drug benefit programs

question

online adjudication

answer

the resolution of prescription coverage through the communication of the pharmacy computer with the third party computer

question

co-insurance

answer

an agreement for cost-sharing btwn the insurer and the insured

question

co-pay

answer

the portion of the price of medication that the patient is required to pay

question

maximum allowable cost(MAC)

answer

the maximum price per tablet an insurer or PBM will pay for the given product

question

dual co-pay

answer

co-pays that have two prices: one for generic and one for brand medications

question

deductible

answer

a set amount that must be paid by the patient for each benefit period before the insurer will cover additional expences

question

prescription drug benefit cards

answer

cards that contain third party billing information for prescription drug purchases

question

tier

answer

categories of medications that are covered by third party plans

question

HMOs

answer

a network of providers for which costs are covered inside but not outside the network

question

POSs

answer

a network of providers where the patients primary care physician must be a member and costs outside the network may be partially reimbursed

question

PPOs

answer

a network of providers where costs outside the network may be partially reimbursed and the patients primary care physician need not be a member

question

patient assistance programs

answer

manufacturer sponsored prescription drug programs for the needy

question

Medicare Part A

answer

basically covers inpatient hospital expenses for patients who meet certain conditions

question

Medicare Part B

answer

Basically covers Drs services as well as some other medical services not covered by part A

question

Universal claim form

answer

a standard claim form accepted by many insurers

question

CMS-1500

answer

The standard form used by health care providers such as physicians to bill for services

question

CMS-10114 form

answer

The standard form used by health care providers to apply for a National Ptovider Identifier

question

Medication Therapy Management Services

answer

services provided to some medicare beneficiaries who are enrolled in Medicare Part D and who are taking multiple medications or have certain diseases

question

Prescription Drug Plans

answer

third party programs from Medicare Part D

question

Independent Pharmacies

answer

individually owned local pharmacies

question

chain pharmacies

answer

regional or national pharmacy chains such as CVS

question

Mass Merchandiser Pharmacies

answer

regional or national mass merchandise chains such as target

question

mark-up

answer

the difference btwn the retailers purchase price and their sale price

question

unit price

answer

the price of a unit of medication such as one ounce of a liquid cold remedy

question

in-patient pharmacy

answer

a pharmacy located in a hospital which services only those patients in the hospital and its ancillary areas

question

pharmacy satellite

answer

a branch of the in-patient pharmacy responsible for preparing dispensing and monitoring medication for specific patient areas

question

Central pharmacy

answer

the main in-patient pharmacy in a hospital that has pharmacy satellites it is the place where most of the hospitals medications are prepared and stored

question

outpatient pharmacy

answer

a pharmacy attached to a hospital which services patients who have left the hospital or who are visiting doctors in a hospital outpatient clinic

question

batching

answer

preparation of large quantities of unit-dose oral solutions/suspensions or small volume parenterals for future use

question

bulk compounding log

answer

a record of medications that are compounded in the pharmacy for non-specific patients. information must include a list of all the ingredients amounts used manufacturer lot numbers and expiration dates of each specific ingredient

question

reconstitute

answer

addition of water or other diluent to commercially made drug bottles or vials in order to make a solution or suspension from a pre-made powder form of the drug. this may include oral or parental products

question

extemporaneous compounds

answer

medications which must e prepared following a specific recipe or formula usually because they are not available commercially

question

unit dose

answer

a package containing the amount of a drug required for one dose

question

intravenous piggyback

answer

a small volume parenteral that will be added into or "piggybacked" into a large volume Parenteral

question

blocker

answer

another term for an antagonist drug because antagonists block the action of neurotransmitters

question

mimetic

answer

another term for agonist because agonists imitate or mimic the action of the neurotransmitter

question

anthelmintics

answer

drugs that destroy worms

question

protease inhibitor

answer

an antiviral used for HIV and Hepatitis C that blocks the enzyme responsible for viral replication

question

Beta blockers

answer

drugs that reduce the oxygen demands of the heart muscle -olol

question

Calcium channel blockers

answer

drugs that relax the heart by reducing heart conduction -pine

question

Diuretics

answer

decrease blood pressure by decreasing blood volume

question

Ace Inhibitors

answer

relax blood vessels -pril -sartan

question

Vasodilators

answer

relax and expand the blood vessels

question

Antianginals

answer

used to treat cardiac related chest pain resulting from ischemic heart disease

question

Antiarrhythmics

answer

used to treat irregular heart rhythms

question

Anthyperlipidemics

answer

used to lower high levels of cholesterol that can lead to blocked blood vessels

question

Antihypertensives

answer

used to reduce a sustained elevation in blood pressure

question

Thrombolytics

answer

dissolve blood clots

question

Anticoagulants

answer

prevent formation of blood clots

question

Vasopressors

answer

act to increase blood pressure

question

dissociation

answer

when a compound breaks down and separates into smaller components

question

electrolytes

answer

a substance that in solution forms ions that conduct an electrical current

question

extracellular fluid

answer

the fluid outside the bodys individual cells found in plasma and tissue fluid

question

Antiemetics

answer

Treat nausea and vomiting

question

hematopoietics

answer

drugs used to treat anemia

question

hemostatic drugs

answer

drugs the prevent excessive bleeding

question

topical hemostatics

answer

drugs used for minor bleeding when sutures are not apporpiate

question

gout

answer

a painful inflammatory condition in which excess uric acid accumulates in the joints

question

rheumatoid arthritis

answer

a chronic and often progressive inflammatory condition with symptoms that include swelling feelings of warmth and joint pain

question

osteoarthritis

answer

a disorder characterized by weight-bearing bone deterioration decreasing range of motion pain and deformity

question

uricosuric drugs

answer

drugs used to treat gout that increase the elimination of uric acid

question

What dose the first set of NDC numbers indicate?

answer

Manufacturer

question

What dose the Second set of NDC numbers indicate?

answer

The medication, its strength, and dosage form

question

What dose the third set of NDC numbers Indicate?

answer

Package size

question

How much NaCL dose normal saline contain?

answer

0.9%

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