question

During the middle ages, mental disorders were thought to be caused by _____.

answer

spirit possession

question

The term that refers to the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which the person with the disorder was nurtured in order to correctly diagnose and treat the disorder is _____.

answer

cultural relativity

question

There are _____ different categories of recognized types of personality disorders in the DSM-IV-TR.

answer

three

question

_____ is the most commonly diagnosed mood disorder.

answer

major depression

question

Personality disorders are diagnosed in _____ of the DSM-IV-TR.

answer

axis II

question

_____ is a mood disorder that is caused by the body's reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months.

answer

seasonal affective disorder

question

The study of abnormal behavior is called _____.

answer

psychopathology

question

The frequency of _____ personality disorder in women is nearly 2-3 times greater than in men, leading researchers to believe that hormonal influences, childhood experiences with incest or drug abuse, and a poor mother-infant relationship can cause the disorder.

answer

borderline

question

_____ disorders involve a break in consciousness, memory, or a person's sense of identity.

answer

dissociative

question

Anorexia nervosa is a condition in which a person reduces eating to the point that a weight loss of _____ below expected body weight occurs.

answer

15%

question

Severe depression that comes on suddenly and seems to have no external causal factor is called _____.

answer

major depression

question

The term _____ means that the person is unable to distinguish between reality and fantasy and has disturbances in thinking, emotion, and behavior.

answer

psychotic

question

An irrational and often persistent fear of an object, situation, or activity is called _____.

answer

a phobia

question

The DSM-IV-TR contains a checklist of criteria to be met for the diagnosis of each disorder, the path of the progression of each disorder, a description of the symptoms of each disorder but does not contain _____.

answer

a description of how to perform such procedures as trepanning to treat the disorders

question

A man with a paralyzing fear of heights has become unable to go upstairs or ride in an elevator, is an example of _____.

answer

subjective discomfort

question

Matthew a psychology major, is worried that he and his family have the mental disorders he is reading about. Matthew is experiencing _____.

answer

psychology student syndrome

question

Maria is a college student and is generally anxious. She can not identify any one thing in particular that is bothersome but feels anxious most of the time. Maria is exhibiting _____.

answer

free-floating anxiety

question

Bill is extremely vain and winds up steering all conversations toward himself. When evaluating situations, he can only see how they affect him. Bill may have _____ personality disorder.

answer

narcissistic

question

A person who finds it difficult to function on a day-to-day basis may be displaying _____ behaviors.

answer

maladaptive

question

The _____ model explains disordered behavior as the result of repressing one's threatening thoughts, memories, and concerns in the unconscious mind.

answer

psychodynamic

question

In the _____ model, abnormal behavior is seen as the result of the combined and interacting forces of biological, psychological, social, and cultural influences.

answer

biopsychosocial

question

A _____ is apparent when there is a sudden onset of intense panic in which there can be multiple physical symptoms of stress occurring.

answer

panic attack

question

_____ is when a person believes that his or her behavior must be perfect or the result will be a total failure.

answer

all-or-nothing

question

The dissociative disorder that occurs when a person travels away from home and then cannot remember the trip or personal information such as identity is _____.

answer

dissociative fugue

question

The _____ theory explains dissociative disorders as the result of "thought avoidance" to avoid or decrease the pain of guilt, shame, or anxiety produced from disturbing thoughts and experiences.

answer

cognitive/behavioral

question

Some one who has difficulty forming social relationships, odd and eccentric behavior, and a tendency to magical beliefs would most likely be diagnosed with _____ personality disorder.

answer

schizotypal

question

Dissociative disorders are characterized by fugue experiences, blackouts, and at least two or more personalities that exist in one body, but is not characterized by _____.

answer

frequent panic attacks in crowded areas

question

An individual with _____ schizophrenia would display symptoms of bizarre, childish behavior, confused speech, vivid hallucinations, inappropriate of flat affect, and may neglect cleanliness.

answer

disorganized

question

Because the term schizophrenia literally means "split mind", it has often been confused with _____.

answer

dissociative identity disorder (DID)

question

_____ has been linked to a decrease in the size of the hippocampus in children with the disorder, causing long-term detrimental effects on learning and forming, declarative memories.

answer

?

question

In psychology terms, affect means _____.

answer

"emotion"

question

The _____ perspective is the perspective in which abnormal behavior (and normal behavior) is seen as the product of the learning and shaping of behavior within the context of the family, the social group to which one belongs, and the culture within which the family and social group exists.

answer

sociocultural

question

Scott believes that when he feels the sensation of his heart beating faster whenever he exercises, it means he's having a heart attack and that he's about to die. Scott therefore refuses to do any activities that would raise his heart rate, and has gained excessive weight. Scott's behavior would most likely be diagnosed as _____.

answer

maladaptive

question

One gender difference in personality disorders is that there are more _____.

answer

males diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and more females diagnosed with borderline personality disorder

question

One way to measure abnormality is to use _____, which is the social or environmental setting of a person's behavior.

answer

situational context

question

One of the symptoms of _____ schizophrenia is a behavior in which a person maintains an odd position, without moving, for hours on end.

answer

catatonic

question

The behaviorists model looks at disordered behavior as _____.

answer

learned

question

_____ are false beliefs about the world that a person holds and that tend to remain fixed and unshakable even in the face of evidence that disproves them.

answer

delusions

question

A man wakes up on a beach with no memory of how he got there, who he his, or any sense of identity whatsoever. The man would likely be diagnosed with _____.

answer

dissociative fugue

question

On the axis of the DSM-IV-TR, Axis V assesses _____.

answer

global assessment of functioning

question

Bulimia nervosa is a condition in which a person develops a cycle of binging on enormous amounts of food and then using inappropriate methods to prevent weight gain. _____ causes a person to binge even though he or she is worried about weight gain.

answer

prompts such as anxious mood, social stressors, or intense hunger after extreme diet attempts

question

Henry complains to his therapist that he thinks people are listening in on his phone conversations and spying on him. Once his therapist learns that he is in the witness protection program, it help explains the _____ of his behavior.

answer

situational context

question

_____ are not an attribute of OCD but intruding thoughts, ritualistic behavior, and repetitive behavior are.

answer

hallucinations

question

Personality disorders are different from other psychological disorders in that personality disorders _____.

answer

affect the entire life adjustment of the person

question

Luca is a child who lived in New Orleans when Hurricane Katrina hit. Two years later, Luca woke up in the middle of the night with nightmares about the hurricane and has since been experiencing flashbacks, extreme anxiety, and he cannot concentrate in school. Luca would most likely diagnosed with _____.

answer

post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)

question

Owen suffers from _____ personality disorder, causing him to believe that everyone is "out to get him", and he cannot maintain healthy relationships with girls because he is constantly jealous of any males they come in contact with.

answer

paranoid

question

An ongoing disorder lasting six months or longer in which a person has a feeling of dread and impending doom along with the physical symptoms of stress is _____.

answer

generalized anxiety disorder

question

A phobia which literally means "fear of the market place" is _____.

answer

agoraphobia

question

Scott experiences vast mood swings ranging from depression on one end of the spectrum to episodes when he feels euphoric and has so much energy that he can't sleep. Scott is suffering from _____.

answer

bipolar disorder

question

Trepanning _____.

answer

was done in ancient times in order to release "demons" and is still done today to relieve pressure fluids on the brain

question

Marlena said "I didn't get into the sorority I wanted and now my life is ruined." This would be an indicator of abnormal behavior according to the _____ model.

answer

cognitive

question

In 1952, the first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was published to help _____.

answer

psychological professionals diagnose psychological disorders

question

If Dr. Smith thinks Jacob's problems are on axis II of the DSM-IV-TR, Jacob must have _____.

answer

a personality disorder or mental retardation

question

_____ ,such as juvenile diabetes which affects a person's psychological well being, are listen on axis III.

answer

physical disorders

question

Barbara is very self-conscious around others because she's afraid of being evaluated in some negative way. Barbara may have _____.

answer

a social phobia

question

A racing heart, rapid breathing, a sensation of being "out of one's body", dulled hearing and vision, sweating, and dry mouth are all physical symtoms of _____.

answer

a panic attack

question

Mood disorders can result when _____.

answer

stress or some other factor pushes a person to one extreme emotion or another

question

_____ is a cycle of moderate mood swings (from sad to elated) that are chronic and usually last two years or more.

answer

cyclothymia

question

The fact that more severe mood disorders are not a reaction to some outside source of stress or anxiety but rather seem to come from within the person's own body, together with the tendency of mood disorders to appear in genetically related individuals at a higher rate, suggests that _____ plays a significant part in these disorders.

answer

heredity

question

A person in the manic phase is restless, unable to sit, has unlimited energy, euphoric without any real cause to be so happy, and has delusional plans but they are not _____.

answer

depressed for most of the day, feel tired, or take no pleasure in any activity

question

People with _____ are often moody, manipulative, and untrusting of others, and often display inappropriate and excessive behaviors.

answer

borderline personality disorder

Psychology Test 4: Ch. 14 – Flashcards

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