Flashcards and Answers – Psychology chapter 2
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Amygdala
answer
Linked to strong emotions of fear and anger
question
Hypothalamus
answer
Maintains eating, drinking, body temperature and control of emotions
question
Reticular formation
answer
A nerve network in the brain that plays and important role in arousing
question
Thalamus
answer
Sensory switchboard, directs messages to the sensory areas in the cortex
question
Hippocampus
answer
Helps us to form memories
question
Cerebral cortex
answer
Does all processing and holding of information
question
Cerebral cortex
answer
Does all processing and holding of information
question
Cerebellum
answer
Helps coordinate involuntary movement and balance
question
Brain stem
answer
Oldest part of the brain, beginning where the spinal cord swells & enters the skull. It is responsible for automatic survival functions
question
Medulla
answer
The base of the brainstem that controls heartbeat and breathing
question
Corpus callosum
answer
Holds 2 halves of brain together
question
Left hemisphere
answer
Processes reading, writing, speech, comprehension skills and mathematics
question
Sensory cortex
answer
Receives information from skin surface and sense organs
question
Motor cortex
answer
The area at the rear of the frontal lobe that controls voluntary movement
question
Limbic system
answer
A doughnut shaped system of neural structures at the border of the brainstem and cerebrum associated with emotions such as fear, aggression and drives for food and sex. It includes hippocampus, amygdaloid and hypothalamus
question
Parietal lobe
answer
Process sensory information, sense of touch
question
Temporal lobe
answer
Auditory information
question
Occipital lobe
answer
Visual processing
question
Frontal lobe
answer
Judgment and decision making
question
An axon transmits messages ____ the cell body and a dendrite transmits messages_____ the cell body.
answer
Away from; toward
question
Multiple sclerosis is a disease that is most directly associated with the degeneration of:
answer
The myelin sheath
question
Depressed mood states are linked to _____ levels of serotonin and _____ levels of norepinephrine.
answer
Low; low
question
A drug that blocks the reuptake of a particular neurotransmitter is called a(n)
answer
Agonist
question
The peripheral nervous system consists of:
answer
Sensory and motor neurons
question
The autonomic nervous system most directly controls:
answer
Bladder contractions
question
Although Ron has no genital sensations, he is capable of an erection if his genitals are stimulated. Ron's experience is most indicative of a(n):
answer
Severed spinal cord
question
The release of epinephrine and norepinephrine _____ blood pressure and _____ blood sugar levels.
answer
Raises;raises
question
In order to monitor electrical activity in the brain that is triggered by hearing one's own name, researchers would make use of a(n):
answer
EEG.
question
Research has suggested that a reward deficiency syndrome may contribute to:
answer
Alcholism
question
Which lobe of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in speaking?
answer
Frontal
question
Following massive damage to his frontal lobes, phineas gage was most strikingly debilitated by:
answer
Irritability
question
In which of the following parts of the brain would a lesion most likely result in aphasia?
answer
Wernicke's area
question
Brain scans indicate that well-practiced pianists have a larger-than-usual auditory cortex area that encodes piano sounds. This best illustrates:
answer
Plasticity
question
Research with split brain patients led Michael Gazzaniga to conclude that the _____ typically constructs the theories people offer to explain their own behaviors.
answer
Left cerebral hemisphere
question
Who would have been most likely to claim that a slight protrusion in a certain region of someone's skull indicated that the individual had an optimistic personality?
answer
Franz Gall
question
Natural, opiatelike neurotransmitters linked to pain controls are called:
answer
Endorphins
question
Botox injections smooth facial wrinkles because botulin is a(n):
answer
ACh antagonist
question
Drugs that block the reuptake of serotonin will thereby increase the concentration of serotonin molecules in the:
answer
Synaptic gaps
question
In stressful situations, the sympathetic nervous system ____ blood sugar levels and ____ the pupils of the eyes
answer
Raises; dilates
question
While listening to operatic solos, musicians process the lyrics and the tunes in separate brain areas. This most clearly illustrates the functioning of different:
answer
Neural networks
question
Which of the following chemical messengers is both a neurotransmitter and a hormone?
answer
Norepinephrine
question
Which of the following would be most useful for detecting the brain areas that are most active as a person performs mathematical calculations?
answer
a PET scan
question
Which region of the brain appears to have the oldest evolutionary history?
answer
Brainstem
question
After suffering an accidental brain injury, Kira has difficulty walking in a smooth and coordinated manner. It is most probable that she has suffered damage to her:
answer
Cerebellum
question
The limbic system structure that regulates hunger is called the:
answer
Hypothalamus
question
Which portion of the cerebral cortex is most directly involved in making plans and formulating judgment?
answer
Frontal lobes
question
The region of the parietal lobes that are involved in mathematical and spatial reasoning are known as:
answer
Association areas
question
Due to an automobile accident, Jenny suffered damage to her cerebral cortex in Broca's area. Jenny is most likely to experience:
answer
Aphasia
question
The successful functioning of children who have experienced the surgical removal of an entire cerebral hemisphere best illustrates the value of:
answer
Plasticity
question
Angular gyrus
answer
Ability to read out loud
question
Brock's area
answer
Speaking
question
Wernicke's area
answer
Language comprehension
