Psychology Chapter 14 and 15 Study Quiz – Flashcards
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Frances was diagnosed with a mental illness because she lost her job when she tested positive for marijuana use at a company that requires frequent random drug testing. From the criteria of identifying abnormal behavior this is an example of _____.
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Personal dysfunction or distress
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In early therapy of abnormal behavior, _____ was used to allow evil spirits to escape, while _____ was designed to make the body so uncomfortable it would be uninhabitable to the devil.
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Trephining; exorcism
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The _____ assumes that abnormal behavior is due to physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and possibly cured.
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Medical model
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_____ is the specialized branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of mental disorders.
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Psychiatry
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The classification system produced by the American Psychiatric Association and used to describe abnormal behaviors is called the DSM-IV-TR. DSM is an abbreviation for _____.
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
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The purpose of the DSM-5 is to provide ____.
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Descriptions of disorders
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This is the current term for serious mental disorders characterized by a loss of contact with reality and extreme mental disruptions.
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Psychosis
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____ is a legal term for people with a mental disorder that implies a lack of responsibility for their behavior and an inability to manage their affairs.
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Insanity
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Anxiety disorders are _____.
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Characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear
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Udo is frequently and suddenly overcome by intense fear, heart palpitations, dizziness, and difficult breathing. Udo is MOST likely suffering from _____.
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Panic disorder
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This is characterized by diffuse anxiety caused by intrusive thoughts and urges to perform repetitive, ritualistic behaviors.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder
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The two main types of mood disorders are _____.
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Major depression and bipolar disorder
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Morris is having trouble sleeping, has lost his appetite, is too tired to go to work, and cannot concentrate on simple television shows. It is MOST likely that Morris is experiencing a _____.
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Major depression
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Someone who experiences episodes of mania, or cycles between mania and depression, has a _____.
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Bipolar disorder
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Which of the following is TRUE regarding suicide?
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A family history of suicide increases a person's risk for suicide.
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A disorder that is characterized by severely disturbed perception, language, thought, emotion, and behavior is _____.
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Schizophrenia
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Neuroimaging studies of people with schizophrenia have found that they have _____, compared to people without schizophrenia.
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Larger cerebral ventricles
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. According to the diathesis-stress model of schizophrenia, someone with an inherited predisposition for schizophrenia will experience a schizophrenic episode when they encounter _____.
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More stress than they can handle
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Co-morbidity is the term used to indicate _____.
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The presence of two or more disorders in the same person at the same time
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Many people who have a mental disorder use _____ to self-medicate, or reduce their symptoms.
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Alcohol
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A condition in which two or more distinct personalities are present, at different times, in the same person is called _____.
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Dissociative identity disorder (DID)
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Egocentrism, lack of a conscience, impulsive behavior, and manipulation of others, disregard for the rights of others, lack of remorse/guilt, and charisma are MOST characteristic of someone with _____.
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An antisocial personality disorder
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Janese cuts her arms when overwhelmed by emotion, abruptly changes from laughter to anger, and needs constant reassurance from others to feel any sense of self-worth. She is MOST likely to be diagnosed with _____ disorder.
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Borderline personality
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Using therapeutic techniques to improve psychological functioning and promote adjustment to life is known as _____.
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Psychotherapy
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Therapies defined as "insight therapies" include ___________.
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Psychodynamic and cognitive
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The system of psychotherapy developed by Freud that seeks to bring unconscious conflicts into conscious awareness is known as _____.
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Psychoanalysis
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In psychoanalysis, free association refers to _____.
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Reporting whatever comes to mind without monitoring its contents
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. In dream analysis, a psychoanalyst will look for the ______ meaning that underlies the _____ content.
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Latent; manifest
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The displacement of thoughts, feelings, fears, wishes, and conflicts from past relationships onto new relationships is called _____.
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Transference
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Cognitive therapists assume that problem behaviors and emotions are caused by _____.
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Faulty thought processes and beliefs
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Ellis' approach to cognitive therapy attempts to eliminate self-defeating beliefs through rational examination. He named his approach REBT, or _____ therapy.
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Rational-emotive behavior
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In Ellis's REBT, the letters ABC represent _____.
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Activating event, Belief system, emotional Consequence
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Research suggests that Beck's and Ellis's cognitive therapies work for _____.
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Depression, anxiety, bulimia, and addiction disorders
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The belief that humans have personal freedom to make choices and that they are responsible for the choices they make characterizes the _____ approach to therapy.
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Humanistic
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In Rogerian therapy, the role of the therapist is to _____.
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Provide an accepting environment for a client's free exploration of important thoughts and feelings
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The nonjudgmental attitude and genuine caring that a therapist expresses toward a client is called _____.
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Unconditional positive regard
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The awareness of one's true inner thoughts and feelings, and the ability to share them authentically with others, is called _____ in Rogerian therapy.
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Genuineness
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In _____, multiple people meet together to work toward therapeutic goals.
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Group therapy
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Your text defines family therapy as a psychological treatment that _____.
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Attempts to change maladaptive interaction patterns among family members
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_____ therapy uses techniques based on learning principles to change maladaptive behavior.
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Behavior
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Antabuse works to decrease alcohol consumption because the nausea it induces when alcohol is ingested becomes associated with the alcohol. This is an example of _____.
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Aversion therapy
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Behavior therapy has been effective in dealing with _____.
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Autism; delinquency; and eating disorders
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The use of physiological interventions such as drugs, ECT, or psychosurgery to reduce the symptoms of a psychological disorder is called _____.
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Biomedical therapy
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Antidepressant drugs are used to treat _____.
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Depression; bulimia; and some anxiety disorders
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ECT is used primarily to treat _____.
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Depression
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A serious movement disorder associated with prolonged use of antipsychotic drugs is called _____.
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Tardive dyskinesia
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This is an approach to psychotherapy in which the therapist combines techniques from various theories to find the most appropriate treatment for the client.
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Eclectic
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Community Mental Health Centers (CMH):
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Provide outpatient services
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Psychiatric professionals may authorize temporary commitment for assessment and treatment of a dangerous or incompetent individual for up to _____.
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24 to 72 hours
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Research suggests that _____ percent of people who receive psychotherapy are better off than people who do not.
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40-80
