Flashcards on psychology chapter 14
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People with ______ disorder have lower brain activity in the areas responsible for sense of body awareness and feel detached from themselves, their bodies, and their surroundings.
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depersonalization
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A sudden onset of intense panic in which multiple physical symptoms of stress occur, often with feelings that one is dying, is a(n):
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panic attack
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An individual who uses _____ takes one negative event and interprets it as a never-ending pattern of defeat.
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overgeneralization
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The most dominant symptom of a(n) _______ disorder is excessive or unrealistic worrying and fearfulness.
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anxiety
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One of the most researched and well-known personality disorders is _____ personality disorder. These individuals are literally "against society."
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antisocial
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One gender difference in personality disorders is that there are more:
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males diagnosed with antisocial personality disorder and more females diagnosed with borderline personality disorder
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Phyllis was bitten by a mosquito and became convinced that she had contracted the West Nile virus. Though no symptoms of the virus were evident, Phyllis exclaimed that she felt faint and nauseous and constantly nervous since being bitten. Also, she was sure that her entire body was starting to swell. Cognitive-behavioral therapists might refer to Phyllis's irrational behavior as _______.
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magnification
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Andre was diagnosed with schizophrenia after reporting that he had been hearing voices coming through the lamp in his room. While other symptoms were also present, Andre's hearing of voices seemed to escalate, moving from his lamp to his chair, and then to his pillow. The voices that Andre was hearing are referred to as _______.
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hallucinations
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Jan feels euphoric and "on top of the world." She has tremendous energy and is only sleeping a couple of hours a night. However, she is also very impulsive and has been spending her life savings in a wild buying spree. Jan is experiencing _________.
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a manic episode
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Dr. Fields practices therapy within the United States and often refers to a resource that helps her to classify and diagnose various disorders. The resource to which Dr. Fields might refer today is the _______.
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Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), Fifth Edition
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Martin explained to his psychotherapist, Dr. Holmes, that he believed he was being followed by "little people." Before coming to the conclusion that Martin may be experiencing delusions, Dr. Holmes decided to consider the ______, or environmental setting, of Martin's behavior.
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situational context
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According to research, which of the following individuals is MOST likely to become anorexic?
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Tammy, an 18-year-old white female from a middle-class family
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_____ theorists link depression to learned helplessness.
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Behavioral
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In psychological terms, "affect" means:
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emotion
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Approximately what percentage of people over the age of 18 suffers from mental disorders in any given year?
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26 percent
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Scott believes that when he feels the sensation of his heart beating faster whenever he exercises, it means he's having a heart attack and that he's about to die. Scott therefore refuses to do any activities that would raise his heart rate and has gained excessive weight. Scott's behavior would likely be diagnosed as:
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maladaptive
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The study of abnormal behavior is:
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psychopathology
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Cognitive psychologists believe abnormal behavior is the result of:
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illogical thinking problems
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A person who experiences a great deal of ______ in his or her daily routine or behaviors may be displaying a sign of behavioral abnormality.
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subjective discomfort
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In the United States, the term ______ is not a psychological term; it is a legal term used to argue that a mentally ill person who committed a crime should not be held responsible for his or her actions because he or she could not understand the difference between right and wrong.
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insanity
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Because the term schizophrenia literally means "split mind," it has often been confused with:
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dissociative identity disorder
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Jake has recently been diagnosed with schizophrenia. One of his symptoms is the experience of hallucinations. Of the five sensory systems, which one is most likely to be affected by these events?
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auditory
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______, such as hearing voices or seeing things that aren't really there, are not uncommon in someone diagnosed with schizophrenia.
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Hallucinations
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The _____ assumes that a biological sensitivity to a certain disorder will result in the development of the disorder under the right conditions of environmental or emotional stress.
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stress-vulnerability model
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Bulimia nervosa is a condition in which a person develops a cycle of binging on enormous amounts of food and then using inappropriate methods to avoid weight gain. What causes a person to binge when he or she is so worried about weight gain?
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prompts such as an anxious or depressed mood, social stressors, or intense hunger after extreme diet attempts
