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which of the following statements is true with respect to the perception of physical attractiveness

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none of these statements is true

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which of the following physical characteristics does not seem to be preferred universally

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thinness

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which of the following is the correct definition of stereotype

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a negative (or positive) evaluation of particular group and its members

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which of the following is the best definition of prejudice

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the tendency to dislike people because of their group memberships

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which of the following is the correct definition of discrimination

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behavior directed toward individuals on the basis of their membership in a particular group

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self-fulfilling prophecies perpetuate stereotypes by

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eliciting stereotype-confirming behavior from others

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research has found that we can form accurate impressions of another individual

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within seconds

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based on social psychological research, it appears that familiarity breeds

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liking

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we tend to like people we see again and again: social psychologists refer to this phenomenon as at the effect of

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mere exposure

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which of the following defines interdependence

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relying on the other to meet important goals

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people who are committed to a close relationship

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are less interested in other potential mates; are less able to imagine themselves with another partner; see their partners as more attractive

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which of the following defines commitment

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feelings and actions that serve to maintain the relationship

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which of the following defines intimacy

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partners display caring, warmth, acceptance, and social support

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according to a review by Clark and Lernay (2010), the most important characteristic of a close relationship is

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responsiveness

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one makes an attribution when one

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decides on the causes of an individual's behavior

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which of the following describes the causal attribution

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we try to learn about the personality of others by observing their behaviors

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which of the following describes the self-serving attributions

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we overemphasize person factors in explaining our own positive outcomes

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which of the following describes the fundamental attribution error

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we overemphasize person factors when explaining the behavior of others

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a relatively enduring evaluation of people, events, or objects is termed an

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attitude

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prejudice is an evaluation of other people based on their group. thus, prejudice is best seen as a type of

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attitude

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which of the following defines self monitoring

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regulating our behavior to meet the demands of situations

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Aronson and Mills (1959) conducted a classic study of blank during a group initiation process

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cognitive dissonance

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Aronson and Mills (1959) found that an initiation

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increased liking for the group

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behavior that helps others but that involves some self-sacrifice is termed

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altruism

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which of the following does the "Golden Rule" of "doing unto others" illustrate

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the reciprocity norm

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"help because it is the right thing to do" this is a definition of the

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social responsibility norm

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the likelihood that an individual will help someone in an emergency situation is blank correlated with the number of other people present

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negatively

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what was the main finding Latane and Darley's study in which they timed how long it took participants working either alone or in small groups to report smoke entering the experimental room

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participants working alone reported the smoke more quickly than did the participants working in a group

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your text cites Paquette and Underwood's (1999) study of children's attitudes toward physical and nonphysical aggression. what did these researchers find

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both boys and girls rated nonphysical aggression as making them feel worse than physical aggression

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aggression directed at a target other than the source of frustration is termed blank aggression

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displaced

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which alternative best captures the relationship between frustration and aggression

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frustration is an important factor in aggression

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with respect to its scientific evaluation, the notion of catharsis:

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has generally failed to find support in empirical research

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according to your text, the average American watches about blank hours of television each day

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4

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your text states that children who witness violence are more likely to be aggressive. this statement suggests the contribution to aggression of blank learning, associated with blank

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observational; Bandura

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over time, people tend to show weaker responses to emotional stimuli. this tendency is termed blank

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desensitization

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worldwide, about blank % of rapes and about blank % of robberies, assaults, and murders are committed by men (Graham & Wells, 2001)

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99; 90

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the "culture of honor" describes

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a social norm that encourages responding to insults with aggression

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which alternative below correctly defines normative conformity

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a change in behavior or attitudes reflecting the desire to be liked

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which alternative below correctly defines informational conformity

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a change in behavior or attitudes reflecting a desire for accurate knowledge

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in Asch's classic conformity studies, participants thought they were taking part in a study of

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visual ability

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what was the main difference between Asch line-matching studies and the Sherif autokinetic effect study

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in the Asch study there was a correct answer whereas in the Sherif study the answer was ambiguous

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in Asch's study on conformity, what percentage of the subjects conformed at least once when they knew their answer to be false

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76%

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in Asch's study on conformity, blank % of the responses overall were conforming

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37

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which alternative below correctly defines obedience

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a change in behavior in response to authority

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Milgram's participants were told that the study concerned

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learning

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approximately blank % of the participants in Milgram's experiment were willing to deliver the maximum shock level to the participant

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65

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the classic "shock" study of obedience is associated with

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Milgram

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which of the following alternatives beset expresses your text's assessment of the influence of individual differences in the tendency to conform

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there are significant individual differences in the tendency to conform, but their influence is generally overshadowed by the effect of the situation

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which alternative below correctly defines minority influence

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conformity in which a smaller number of individuals changes behavior or opinions of a larger number of individuals

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a strong emotional response leading people to resist conformity is termed blank

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reactance

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which alternative below correctly defines psychological reactance

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a strong emotional reaction that leads people to resist pressures to conform

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the tendency to perform tasks better in the presence of others is called blank. by contrast, the tendency to perform tasks more poorly in others' presence of others is termed blank

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social facilitation; social inhibition

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which alternative best captures the relationship of physiologic arousal to social inhibition on the one hand, and to social facilitation on the other

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increased arousal may produce either social inhibition or social facilitation

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according to your text, juries

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are influenced by conformity pressures

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which of the following best defines social loafing

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a group process loss that occurs when people do not work as hard in a group as they do alone

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which of the following phenomena exemplifies a group process loss

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groupthink; social loafing (A and B, not C)

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which of the following best defines groupthink

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a group process losses caused by strong conformity pressures in a group

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which of the following is not mentioned in your text as a factor that might encourage groupthink

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the presence of conflicting information

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according to your text, the most effective working groups contain blank members

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4 or 5

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which of the following best defines the illusion of group productivity

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the tendency to overvalue the productivity of a group

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