Psych 7A Ch. 9 Review – Flashcards

Phonemes are A) the best examples of particular categories of objects. B) the smallest distinctive sound units of a language. C) rules for combining words into grammatically correct sentences. D) the smallest speech units that carry meaning.

When Fred pronounced the words "this" and "that," he noticed that they share a common A) prototype. B) morpheme. C) algorithm. D) phoneme.

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called A) phonemes. B) morphemes. C) prototypes. D) concepts

In the words "lightly," "neatly," and "shortly," the "ly" ending is a(n) A) algorithm. B) phoneme. C) morpheme. D) prototype.

When her teacher mentioned the arms race, Krista understood that the word "arms" referred to weapons and not to body parts. Krista's correct interpretation best illustrates the importance of A) semantics. B) syntax. C) morphemes. D) prototypes

In English, adjectives precede nouns. This is a rule of syntax, which is the A) orderly arrangement of words into grammatically sensible sentences. B) derivation of meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences. C) smallest speech unit that carries meaning. D) most logical and methodical procedure for solving a problem.

A European visitor to the United States asked a taxi driver, "Can you please a ride to the airport me give?" This visitor has apparently not yet mastered the ________ of the English language. A) phonemes B) syntax C) semantics D) morphemes

The spontaneous utterance of a variety of sounds by infants is called A) universal grammar. B) babbling. C) telegraphic speech. D) syntax

During the earliest stage of speech development, infants A) speak in single words that may be barely recognizable. B) make speech sounds only if their hearing is unimpaired. C) make some speech sounds that do not occur in their parents' native language. D) alternate equally between verbal and manual babbling.

At 17 months of age, Julie says "wada" whenever she wants a drink of water. Julie is most likely in the ________ stage of language development. A) syntactic B) babbling C) one word D) telegraphic speech

Two-year-old Dirk's sentences—"Dad come," "Mom laugh," and "Truck gone"—are examples of A) babbling. B) receptive language. C) telegraphic speech. D) universal grammar.

The principles of learning emphasized by B. F. Skinner are most helpful in explaining why children A) generate sentences they have never heard. B) add new words to their vocabulary. C) develop language through a uniform sequence of stages. D) use mostly verbs rather than nouns when they first begin speaking.

According to Chomsky, the fact that young children generate all sorts of sentences they have never heard before suggests that A) language skills are not developed simply through the processes of imitation and reinforcement. B) language acquisition does not proceed in an orderly sequence. C) language acquisition develops normally even in the absence of social interaction. D) parents overemphasize correct grammatical usage.

Chomsky's theory of language development suggests that children have an inborn A) algorithm. B) category hierarchy. C) linguistic prototype. D) language acquisition device.

Research suggests that humans can most easily master the grammar of a second language during A) childhood. B) adolescence. C) early adulthood. D) late adulthood.

Those who learn sign language as teens never become as fluent as children exposed to sign language from birth. This best illustrates the importance of ________ for mastering language. A) heuristics B) telegraphic speech C) a critical period D) reinforcement

Broca's area is typically located in the left ________ lobe. A) frontal B) occipital C) temporal D) parietal

Left hemisphere damage to Wernicke's area is most likely to contribute to A) aphasia. B) a fixation. C) linguistic determinism. D) telegraphic speech.