psych 3 – Flashcard

Unlock all answers in this set

Unlock answers
question
Moving from general statements to a specific conclusion is
answer
deductive
question
The basic mechanism of cognitive heuristics
answer
is the overuse of salient information
question
If information is not diagnostic, then one should use _____ in deciding in an object belongs to a class.
answer
the base rate
question
John believes guns should be freely available. He is asked to re-evaluate his position. He should consult ___ gun control literature; he will probably consult ____ gun control literature____________
answer
pro; anti
question
"Asparagus helps tables." This sentence has ______ but not _____
answer
syntax; semantics
question
Charles Spearman believed
answer
the most important thing to measure is general intelligence
question
Hierarchical intelligence tests
answer
make it clear what the test maker's operational definition of intelligence is
question
IQ =
answer
(MA / CA) × 100
question
Intelligence is a construct. Constructs can be
answer
deduced
question
In the Rosenthal & Jacobson study in which academic blooming was predicted, the fact that the kids ______ bloom shows the _____.
answer
did; malleability of intelligence at young ages
question
As the example of hierarchy of needs showed, if you are hanging by your fingers from the roof of a tall building, nothing is more important than hanging on
answer
False
question
Wilson & Nisbett's pantyhose study showed that consumers
answer
were externally influenced
question
The overjustification effect shows that
answer
rewards can decrease intrinsic interest
question
About ____% of the population is asexual
answer
1
question
Meston & Ross found that men and women _____ on their top 25 reasons for having sex.
answer
overlapped to a great degree
question
The bogus pipeline study showed that ________ change their reports of sexual behaviors to appear socially acceptable.
answer
women more than men
question
In an approach avoidance conflict, as one gets closer to the goal, the avoidance gradient becomes _____approach gradient
answer
stronger than the
question
Emotions are voluntary passions
answer
False
question
Let's be practical - to get someone to like you
answer
induce him or her to label being around you as arousing
question
In the 1970s David Spiegel showed that group psychotherapy increased survival time for women with metastatic breast cancer. In the replication he conducted in the 1990s he
answer
failed to find the same effect
question
Eva had difficulty recognizing that a sea horse was a fish because it did not closely resemble her fish
answer
prototype.
question
Because she believes that boys are naughtier than girls, Mrs. Zumpano, a second-grade teacher, watches boys more closely than she watches girls for any signs of misbehavior. Mrs. Zumpano's surveillance strategy best illustrates
answer
confirmation bias.
question
Stockbrokers often believe that their own expertise will enable them to select stocks that will outperform the market average. This belief best illustrates
answer
overconfidence.
question
In the words helped and called, the "ed" ending is a(n)
answer
morpheme.
question
A stroke may impair the ability to speak distinctly without harming the ability to read because different language functions depend on different
answer
neural networks.
question
Introductory psychology students performed best on a midterm psychology test if they had previously spent five minutes a day visualizing themselves
answer
studying effectively.
question
An important aspect of social intelligence is called
answer
emotional intelligence.
question
Aptitude tests are to ________ as achievement tests are to ________.
answer
future performance; current competence
question
Psychologists would calculate the relationship between intelligence test scores and school grades in order to assess the ________ of the intelligence test.
answer
predictive validity
question
The similarity between the intelligence test scores of identical twins raised apart is
answer
greater than that between ordinary siblings reared together.
question
On average, the intelligence test scores of the Dingbats are much higher than those of the Dodos. The difference in the average test scores of the two groups might be a product of
answer
genetic and environmental differences between the two groups.
question
Performance-impairing anxiety is most closely associated with
answer
stereotype threat.
question
Motivation is defined by psychologists as
answer
a need or desire that energizes and directs behavior toward a goal.
question
Victims of a famine will often eat unappetizing and nutritionally poor foods simply to relieve their constant hunger. Their behavior is best explained in terms of
answer
drive-reduction theory.
question
Jeff, who is 14, engages in rigorous tennis drills or competitive play at least four hours every day because he wants to master the sport and play on one of the best university teams in the country. His goal and behavior best illustrate the concept of
answer
achievement motivation.
question
People become obsessed with water when thirsty and obsessed with food when hungry. This illustrates that activated motives
answer
dominate consciousness.
question
A dieter whose weight falls below his or her set point is likely to experience a(n)
answer
increase in hunger and a decrease in metabolic rate.
question
The body weights of adopted children are ________ with the weights of their adoptive parents and ________ with the weights of their biological parents.
answer
uncorrelated; positively correlated
question
The basic components of emotion are
answer
expressive behaviors, physiological arousal, and conscious experience.
question
Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty while he was taking a difficult test, Harley concluded that he was "anxious." Noticing that his heart was pounding and that his palms were sweaty when an attractive lady asked him to dance, Harley concluded that he was "falling in love." The differing emotions experienced by Harley can best be explained by
answer
the two-factor theory.
question
Without any conscious effort, your ________ prepares you to fight or flee from dangerous situations.
answer
autonomic nervous system
question
Maureen is an introvert, who prefers staying in and reading a good book. Her friend Paula is an extravert, who would much rather spend her time partying. In terms of their ability to recognize facial expressions of emotion and express emotions,
answer
Maureen is better at recognition and Paula is more expressive.
question
The fact that people from widely different cultures display and interpret facial expressions of emotion in a similar manner best illustrates the impact of
answer
human genetic similarities.
question
Repeatedly saying the word "me" puts people in a better mood than repeatedly saying "you." This best illustrates
answer
the facial feedback effect.
question
Research on stressful life events indicates that
answer
those who have been recently widowed, fired, or divorced are more vulnerable to disease.
question
Which of the following BEST explains why stress heightens vulnerability to bacterial and viral infections?
answer
Stress suppresses the release of lymphocytes.
question
Bernard is an ambitious, highly competitive corporate lawyer who recently had a heart attack. He tends to be impatient and a perfectionist, and he gets angry over little things. Research suggests that Bernard's susceptibility to heart attacks may be most closely linked to his
answer
anger.
question
British civil service workers in executive positions live longer than those in clerical positions. This best illustrates the value of
answer
perceived control.
question
During the first few weeks of law school, students were observed to have stronger immune systems if they
answer
were optimistic.
question
Haley's parents bought her a used bicycle for her birthday. She was thrilled until she learned that her best friend received a brand new bicycle for her birthday. Haley's declining satisfaction illustrates
answer
relative deprivation.
Get an explanation on any task
Get unstuck with the help of our AI assistant in seconds
New