Psych 222 Chapter 1 – Flashcards
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Consistent patterns of behavior that people display in many different situations are a) very difficult to identify. b) often called individual differences by personality psychologists. c) predictive of personality traits. d) likely to be found in depressed personalities.
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b) often called individual differences by personality psychologists.
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Although Sally is well behaved and polite at home, she can be really mean to the other children at school. Psychologists who adhere to the trait approach to personality would say Sally's behavior a) can be identified along a continuum of personality characteristics. b) is the result of unconscious mental activity. c) results from conditioning and expectations. d) is a reaction to changing feelings of self-acceptance.
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a) can be identified along a continuum of personality characteristics.
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A psychologist explains a woman's fear of snakes in terms of her unconscious fear of her father. This psychologist is using which approach to personality? a) psychoanalytic b) trait c) humanistic d) behavioral/social learning
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a) psychoanalytic
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Sarah's mother receives a call from Sarah's teacher telling her she has been misbehaving in school. According to the psychoanalytic approach, Sarah's misbehavior a) results from a poorly formed self concept. b) is a reaction to her parent's expectations. c) is the result of unconscious mental activity. d) results from conditioning processes.
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c) is the result of unconscious mental activity.
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The approach to personality that explains aggressive behavior as unconscious impulses turned outward on other people is the a) psychoanalytic approach. b) trait approach. c) behavioral/social learning approach. d) cognitive approach.
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a) psychoanalytic approach.
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Which of the following statements best describes the relationship among the six approaches to understanding personality? a) Only one of the approaches probably is correct. b) The six approaches complement one another and differ primarily in their focus. c) Although the six approaches occasionally vary only in focus, on some issues two or more approaches provide incompatible explanations. d) Because each of the approaches is comprehensive, personality psychologists need to align themselves with only one approach.
answer
c) Although the six approaches occasionally vary only in focus, on some issues two or more approaches provide incompatible explanations.
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A personality psychologist who focuses on the stable patterns of aggressive behavior in schoolchildren that may be related to genetic predispositions follows the a) psychoanalytic approach. b) biological approach. c) humanistic approach. d) behavioral/social learning approach.
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d) behavioral/social learning approach.
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A psychologist attributes a boy's poor social skills to his lack of contact with children who model appropriate behavior. The psychologist is using which approach to personality? a) humanistic b) cognitive c) behavioral/social learning d) psychoanalytic
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c) behavioral/social learning
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Greg believes that aggressive behavior in his coworkers is an expression of frustration that results from unsatisfied basic needs. Greg believes in the a) cognitive approach. b) biological approach. c) behavioral/social learning approach. d) humanistic approach.
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d) humanistic approach.
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Which of the following approaches has focused on the way people learn from watching role models? a) psychoanalytic approach b) behavioral/social learning approach c) biological approach d) humanistic approach
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b) behavioral/social learning approach
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Which approach to personality presents the most idealistic picture of human nature? a) psychoanalytic b) trait c) humanistic d) behavioural/social learning
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c) humanistic
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A psychologist develops a test to measure individual differences in social anxiety. She obtains social anxiety scores from a large group of participants, then tries to predict how those scoring high on the test will act in a social situation as compared to those scoring low. This psychologist probably would be identified with which approach to personality? a) psychoanalytic b) trait c) humanistic d) behavioral/social learning
answer
b) trait
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