Psych – Flashcard
Flashcard maker : Tilly Wilkinson
__ percent of psychologists are self-employed
21
_____ focus more on the impact that environmental conditions can have on mental disorders
psychiatric social workers
A ___ has no medical training but has a doctorate degree.
psychologist
The term “blind observers” refers to people who
do not know what the research question is
The main disadvantage to the case study method is that researchers
cannot really apply the results to other similar people
when a person conducting an experiment influences the outcome of the test, it is called
the experimenter effect
Dr. Sanchez has been conducting research with the same group of children for several months and one of the children now wishes to drop out of the study. Dr. Sanchez must now..
allow him to drop out of the study
The biggest reason researchers use animals in experiments is that
it is easier to control the diets and living conditions of animals
The unique advantage of white laboratory rats as research subjects is that
inbreeding has resulted in these rats being “twins” of all the others
making reasoned judgments about claims is known as
critical thinking
Allie’s doctor has prescribed a drug to stop the hallucinations that are a symptom of her schizophrenia. Allie is receiving
biomedical therapy
Many psychological professionals use a combination of
insight and action therapeutic methods
Treatment methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively are collectively referred to as
therapy
Freud recommended having patients lie on a couch during psychoanalysis because he believed it would
make them feel more dependent and childlike
Because the client does all the work , with the therapist serving mainly as a sounding board , person centered therapy is considered very
non-directive
In person-centered therapy, the warm, respectful and accepting atmosphere created by the therapist is called
unconditional positive regard
A form of humanistic therapy based on the idea that peoples problems often stem from hiding important parts of their feelings from themselves is
Gestalt therapy
Elliot has made a list of things that scare him about giving a speech. After learning relaxation techniques, Elliot’s therapist has Elliot relax as he imagines each item on his list, from least to most scary. Elliot is participating in
systematic desensitization
Operant conditioning techniques
___ include reinforcement, extinction, shaping and modeling to change the frequency of voluntary behaviors.
Residents at the mental hospital earn tickets whenever they meet their behavioral goals for the day. Every Saturday, they can trade tickets for extra free time. The residents are participating in
a token economy
An extinction process in which a person is removed from the situation that provides reinforcement for undesirable behavior is known as
time-out
_____ therapy is focused on helping people change their ways of thinking
cognitive
Melissa received compliments on her new haircut but no one mentioned her new glasses. She assumes no one likes her glasses. This way of thinking can be referred to as.
selective thinking
one of the earliest studies to look at the effectiveness of psychotherapy was done by
Hans Eysenck
According to Eysenck, psychotherapy
had no effect on patients
The most important aspect of a successful psychotherapy is
having therapeutic alliance
a form of group therapy in which family members meet together with a therapist or counselor to resolve problems that effect the entire family is
family counseling
Alcoholics Anonymous is an example of
a self-help group
One disadvantage to group therapy is
sharing the therapist’s time during the session
Valium is an example of
anti anxiety drug
In most cases , when schizophrenia starts in adolescence or young adulthood, ______ must be taken for the rest of the person’s life.
antipsychotic medication
Electroconvulsive therapy is used to treat
depression
One of the earliest and best known psychosurgical techniques is the ______ in which the connections of the prefrontal lobes of the brain to the rest of the brain are severed
prefrontal lobotomy
A man with a paralyzing fear of heights has become unable to go upstairs or ride in an elevator. This is an example of..
subjective discomfort
Matthew, a psychology major, is worried that he and his family have the mental disorders he is reading about. Matthew is experiencing..
psychology student’s syndrome
Maria is a college student and is generally anxious. She can not identify any one thing in particular that is bothersome but feels anxious most of the time. Maria is exhibiting
free-floating anxiety
The DSM-IV-TR contains all of the following except
a description of how to perform such procedures as trepanning to treat the disorders
The term ___ means that the person is unable to distinguish between reality and fantasy and has disturbances in thinking, emotions and behavior.
psychotic
The most commonly diagnosed mood disorder
Major depression
The study of abnormal behavior is called
psychopathology
_____ is a mood disorder that is caused by the body’s reaction to low levels of light present in the winter months
Seasonal affective disorder
The term that refers to the need to consider the unique characteristics of the culture in which the person with the disorder was nurtures in order to correctly diagnose and treat the disorder is
cultural relativity
The frequency of ___ personality disorder in women is nearly two to three times greater that in men, leading researchers to believe that hormonal influences, childhood experiences with incest or drug abuse, and a poor mother-infant relationship can cause the disorder
borderline
There are ___ different categories of recognized types of personality disorders in the DSM-IV-TR
3
subjective discomfort
emotional distress or emotional pain
situational context
the social or environmental setting of a person’s behavior
