PSYCH 105 Ch. 9
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The most commonly used IQ test in the United States is the:
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Weschler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV.
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Approximately _____ of the population have an IQ score between 85 and 115.
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68%
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Higher intelligence is related to the thickness of the _____.
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cerebral cortex
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Below are several statements about the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale. Which statement is CORRECTLY identified as false?
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The same items are used for test-takers of different ages - False
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Contemporary tests of intelligence are in widespread use in the United States EXCEPT the:
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Spearman G Scale.
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The practical problem Alfred Binet was trying to solve when he developed his intelligence test was:
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identifying slow learners for remedial aid.
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Collectivist cultures, such as Taiwan's, place a high priority on how individuals relate to each other. It might be reasonable to hypothesize that Taiwanese adults might outscore American adults on a test of Gardner's _____ intelligence.
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interpersonal
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Jody is completing a test in which she has to name as many state capitals as she can in one minute; Alex is trying to complete analogies between pairs of abstract diagrams. Jody is taking a test of _____ intelligence; Alex, a test of _____.
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crystallized intelligence; fluid intelligence
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According to the text, a positive feature of Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences is:
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that it has led to the development of intelligence tests that allow test takers to be creative.
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Which of the following is true about tests?
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Test validity and reliability are prerequisites for accurate assessment of intelligence.
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Early theorists such as Spearman argued that g represented general intelligence. According to these theorists, individuals high in g:
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have an advantage in every intellectual endeavor.
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The formula for the intelligence quotient as Binet defined it is:
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MA/CA x 100.
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Which of the following is true of academic success and career success?
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Academic success and career success are based on two different types of intelligence.
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Knowledge of the internal aspects of oneself is termed as _____.
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intrapersonal intelligence
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Logical-mathematical intelligence refers to skills:
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in problem solving and scientific thinking
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Laverne's scores on different parts of an IQ test are very different from one another. Laverne's profile of scores on the test:
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contradicts the view of intelligence offered by early theorists such as Spearman.
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About 95% of the population have an IQ score between _____ and _____.
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70; 130
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Studies of changes in intelligence as a function of aging suggest that:
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fluid intelligence tends to decline with age in adults.
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The g-factor is:
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a broad factor that supports every aspect of intelligence.
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Traditional tests were designed to relate to _____.
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academic success
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In the introduction to its discussion of intelligence, your text suggests that conceptions of intelligence vary cross-culturally. To the Trukese of the South Pacific, for example, intelligence may mean the ability to navigate on the open water without technological assistance; to an American high schooler, it may mean the ability to score well on standardized tests of academic achievement and aptitude. Nevertheless, one element of the understanding of intelligence that is consistent across culture is:
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the ability to use the resources provided by one's environment.
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Etta is taking an intelligence test based on Gardner's multiple intelligences theory. How is Etta's performance likely to be scored?
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She will receive a score for each of eight types of intelligence.
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In what way do current theories of intelligence differ from those offered earlier in psychology's history?
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Contemporary theories propose that there may be many multiple forms of intelligence, rather than just one.
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Regarding standardized testing, which piece of advice is least likely to be right?
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Guess if you don't know
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Dancers, athletes, actors, and surgeons display:
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bodily kinesthetic intelligence.
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The property by which tests measure consistently what they are trying to measure is known as _____.
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reliability
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Ashley, a psychology major, remarks that she has become interested in the study of intelligence. In other words, Ashley is interested in:
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the capacity to understand the world, think rationally, and use resources effectively.
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_____ intelligence is the set of skills that underlie the accurate assessment, evaluation, expression, and regulation of one's mental state.
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emotional
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Imagine that overall, 6-year-olds can complete a particular block design puzzle in 5 minutes. It takes Bailey almost 8 minutes to complete the task. In Binet's terms, Bailey's _____ age is _____ than 6.
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mental; lower
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A researcher develops a questionnaire to assess the personality trait of impulsivity among adults. In a journal article, she presents evidence that college students tend to get essentially the same score if they take the test twice, two months apart. She also presents the average score, the highest score, and the lowest score obtained by two large samples: one of 2,000 college students, and one of 750 community-dwelling noncollege adults. However, when you look at the sample questionnaire items she included in the article, it seems to you that they relate more to whether a person is sociable, outgoing, and fun than to whether an individual is impulsive. You are questioning the _____ of the researcher's questionnaire.
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validity
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_____ refers to skills involved in the production and use of language.
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Linguistic intelligence
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Intelligence that reflects the ability to reason abstractly is termed _____ intelligence.
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fluid
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An online intelligence test yields a different IQ each time you take it. The test is:
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not reliable, and probably not valid either.
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According to Sternberg, intelligence related to overall success in living is known as _____ intelligence.
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practical
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Which of the following best expresses the distinction between the WAIS-IV and WISC-IV?
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The WAIS-IV is used to test adult intelligence, whereas the WISC-IV is used to test children's intelligence.
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The three types of intelligence proposed by Sternberg include each of the following except _____ intelligence.
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logical
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Early theorists inferred the existence of a general intelligence g factor from:
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the positive correlations among tests of different intellectual skills.
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The _____ area of the brain is critical to juggling many pieces of information simultaneously and solving new problems.
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lateral prefrontal cortex
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Bodily kinesthetic intelligence refers to skills:
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in using the whole anatomy or various portions of it in the solution of problems or in the construction of products or displays.
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Gardner's theory includes each of the following types of intelligence EXCEPT:
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tacit intelligence
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In contrast to _____, _____ is more a reflection of the culture in which a person is raised.
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fluid intelligence; crystallized intelligence
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People who are high in _____ intelligence are able to learn general norms and principles and apply them appropriately.
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practical
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People whose IQ score ranges from 40-54 are most probably:
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moderately retarded.
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Based on the text's discussion, which of the following alternatives best captures the difference, if any, between the terms mental retardation and intellectual disability?
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Intellectual disability is becoming the preferred term, while mental retardation is the traditional term.
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Regarding the integration of mentally retarded students into regular classrooms, which of the following statements is true?
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In full inclusion programs, mentally retarded students are integrated into regular classroom activities to a greater extent than in the case of mainstreaming.
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The inclusive philosophy behind the educational mainstreaming of mentally retarded individuals reflects federal laws passed in the:
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mid-1970s
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Intellectual disability in which no apparent biological defect exists but there is a history of it in the kin is known as _____ retardation.
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familial
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The IQ of intellectually gifted individuals is _____.
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130 or above
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In approximately _____ of the cases of mental retardation there is an identifiable biological cause; the most common of these is _____.
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one-third; fetal alcohol syndrome
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Peyton has an IQ score of 60. Although her development was typically slower than that of her peers, she is now able to hold a job and will soon start a family of her own. Peyton is most probably:
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mildly retarded
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Imagine that American children and African children are asked to memorize the locations of objects on a chessboard. In one condition, the objects are rocks; in the other, they are household objects common in the West. What might you predict regarding the children's performance?
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The performance of the African children will exceed that of the American children when the objects are rocks but not when they are Western household objects.
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In The Bell Curve, Herrnstein and Murray argued that:
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the IQ gap between Caucasian and African Americans reflects genetics.
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Based on the text's discussion of the Flynn effect, how might the IQ of the average 18-year-old today compare with that of his/her counterpart 60 years ago?
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The IQ score of the average 18-year-old today is about 15 points higher than that of his/her counterpart 60 years ago.
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Which of the following represents a practical skill?
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Brushing your teeth
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You have been asked to review a set of test items that are being considered for a standardized intelligence test. The test constructors want to eliminate all items that contain any possible cultural bias. With this task in mind, which of the following questions would you eliminate first?
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What is the name of the main character in The Wizard of Oz?
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A 6-year-old child with a mental age of 6 would have a ratio IQ of
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100
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Dhiraj has an insightful mind and excels at solving new types of problems with unique solutions. Which of Sternberg's intelligences would best explain this?
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Creative
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Which theory of intelligence is best suited to explain the abilities of individuals with savant syndrome, or individuals with extremely high levels of intelligence in one area and virtually little or none in other areas?
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Gardener
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If an outcome measure is normally distributed, this means that
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most scores are around the average with some scores being lower or higher.
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Which of Gardner's intelligences would be LEAST important for a car salesperson?
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Bodily-kinesthetic
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A high school football coach decides to use the time taken to run up 100 stairs as a test for running endurance. He tests every team member on three consecutive days and finds that the times for each person are very much the same on all three trials. His test for endurance appears to have good
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reliability
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The new term for \"mental retardation\" is
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intellectual disability
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Terman's long-term study of the intellectually gifted found that they tend to be:
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outgoing
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Which of the following is true of full inclusion?
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Full inclusion is a controversial practice.
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Which of the following alternatives offers the most accurate assessment of the origin of familial retardation in nature on the one hand, or nurture on the other?
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We do not know the extent to which familial retardation reflects nature and nurture.
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A test that does not discriminate against the members of any minority group is termed as a _____ test.
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culture-fair
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A psychologist has developed a new test to measure the verbal ability of third graders. To determine the range of scores (and what is a good and bad score), he gives the test to 10,000 third graders. In the future, he will compare the performance of others to this reference group. This process of determining meaningful scores establishes testing
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norms
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The batting averages of major league baseball players have shown a steady increase over the last 30 years. This parallels which observation made from the world of intelligence testing?
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Flynn effect
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Dr. Ambrose feels that a particular intelligence test is probably culturally biased. Which of the following test questions would concern Dr. Ambrose the most?
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In which month of the year is the Super Bowl played?
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Most subjects in Terman's study were
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doctors, lawyers, and businesspeople.
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The term _____ refers to a measure of the degree to which a characteristic can be attributed to genetic factors.
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heritability
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Challenges to writing culturally fair test questions include ___________ factors.
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all of these
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Jorge's parents talked and communicated with him a great deal from the time he was born. Based on the research in the text, which of the following statements is TRUE in regards to Jorge's IQ?
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The stimulation provided by Jorge's parents will positively affect his IQ.
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If an intelligence test produces the same score over multiple administrations but it does not accurately measure intelligence, then the test is ___________ but not ___________.
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reliable; valid
