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The first psychotherapy, which was also the most time-consuming and expensive, was

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psychoanalysis

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Dream work in psychoanalysis is directed at interpreting the client's dream content based on

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the patient's free associations to the dream material

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These therapists conduct therapy sessions much more like other modern therapists, but are rooted in psychoanalytic theory.

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psychodynamic therapists

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This behavior modification technique exposes clients to increasingly intense anxiety-provoking images known as the anxiety hierarchy.

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systematic desensitization

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This non-associative learning process is the basis for the effect of flooding techniques.

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habituation

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This form of therapy, credited to Albert Ellis, is based on the idea that human beings can be taught to control their feelings by controlling their thoughts

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rational-emotive behavior therapy (REBT

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Aaron Beck's cognitive therapy was based on his observation that people with emotional disturbances tend to experience

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automatic thoughts

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The "prescription" of self-help books by therapists as adjuncts to therapy sessions is known as

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bibliotherapy

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The primary difference between self-help support groups and group therapy is that in a self-help group

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the moderator or facilitator is not usually a mental help professional

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The effectiveness of psychotherapy and biomedical treatments is usually tested using

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randomized control studies

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In studies of psychotherapy, an effective treatment is one that reduce symptoms of distress to a point of

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clinical significance

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Most psychologists agree that this therapy is the best choice for treating depression, though it is not necessarily more effective than other approaches.

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cognitive-behavior therapy

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In dismantling studies, the goal is to compare the effectiveness of specific techniques from a therapeutic approach with

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factors common to all legitimate therapies

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The therapist's intellectual commitment to the specific type of therapy he or she has chosen to practice is the basis for the common factor known as

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therapeutic allegiance

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In a national survey, Pope and Tabachnick (1994) found that this percentage of practicing psychotherapists were also patients of other therapists.

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84%

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The short-term anxiolytics that produce mild sedation, but not total sedation, are called

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benzodiazepines

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Which of the following is NOT a class of antidepressant drugs?

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mood stabilizers

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Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) differ from tricyclic antidepressants because SSRIs

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affect only on serotonin

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According to the U. S. Food and Drug Administration, which of the following populations is most at risk for increased suicidality while using antidepressants?

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children and adolescents

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Thorazine and Haldol were revolutionary in their effectiveness in reducing

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positive symptoms of schizophrenia.

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When the authors of a study testing the effectiveness of drug treatments for disorders do little or nothing in the way of writing the article, it is called

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ghostwriting

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The systematic exclusion of certain types of results from publication in favor of other types of results is called

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publication bias

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Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is controversial mainly because early versions of the therapy

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were painful and caused physical and cognitive damage

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This biological treatment involves placing an electromagnetic coil on the scalp to send short electromagnetic pulses through the skull, gently stimulating the cerebral cortex.

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repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

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In terms of overall treatment of psychological disorders, this model is probably the best.

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integrative treatment model

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In terms of learning theories, exposure therapies are based on models taken from

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classical conditioning

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All of the following are aspects of psychotherapy that differ from other personal relationships EXCEPT:

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Psychotherapy takes place in free-form, unstructured settings

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All of the following are statements from clients that a cognitive therapist might identify as self-defeating EXCEPT:

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"I failed that exam yesterday, but it was pretty difficult."

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In this new biological treatment, electrodes are implanted in various regions of the brain, and the electrodes are coupled to an external device that sends out stimulating electrical pulses:

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Deep brain stimulation

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A therapist who draws from theory and technique of more than one style of therapy is practicing:

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Integrative therapy

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Which of the following is not among the therapeutic techniques of psychodynamic psychotherapies?

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Focusing on the client's current conscious thoughts

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A type of therapy whose goal is to teach the client how to substitute adaptive patterns of behavior for maladaptive patterns

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behavior therapy

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The degree to which a therapist tends to produce good results regardless of client or therapy techniques

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therapist competence

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The practice of having professional writers write up reports of studies in articles bearing the names of researchers who were not involved in the design and conduct of the study

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ghost writing

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A type of therapy based on the idea that emotional distress is rooted in illogical, absolutist, and counterproductive ideas and beliefs

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rational emotive behavior therapy

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A treatment for psychological disorders (mainly depression) that consists of passing a low-voltage electrical current

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electroconvulsive therapy

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The therapist's commitment to the specific type of therapy he/she has chosen to use

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therapist allegiance

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A type of therapy based on the idea that people have underlying dysfunctional beliefs about the self, the world, and the future which cause them to respond to events with automatic thoughts which are self-defeating

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cognitive therapy

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This refers to the positive emotions and affection between therapist and client, the therapist's empathy for the client, and both parties' joint commitment to therapeutic work

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therapeutic alliance

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e systematic exclusion of certain types of results from publication in favor of other types of result

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publication bias

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A type of therapy whose goal is to promote personal growth in the client in a nondirective manner by treating the client with dignity, empathy, and unconditional positive regard therapy

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client-centered

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