PSY Chapter 15 – Flashcards
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One of the first therapists to begin a movement towards the humane treatment of patients was
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Philippe Pinel.
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Psychotherapies that attempt to increase the understanding of a client's motives are known as _______ therapies.
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insight
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DeWayne has decided to seek psychotherapy for some personal difficulties he has been having. While on the telephone with one possible clinician, he asks her to describe the kind of treatment approach that she uses with clients. "I don't limit myself to a single theory or approach," the therapist answers. "Instead I operate in a(n) _______ fashion, integrating various treatment approaches based on the specific needs of each client."
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eclectic
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Which of the following is not one of the main types of therapy noted by your textbook that helps people improve their overall functioning?
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Regressive therapy
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Jenna is going to a therapist to gain a better understanding of why she has self-destructive relationships with all her friends. This type of therapy is known as _______ therapy.
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insight
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The hidden meaning of a dream is the _______ content, according to Freud.
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latent
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Through the use of _______, a person-centered therapist conveys they are trying to understand the experience of the person they are working with.
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empathy
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What differentiates motivational interviewing from person-centered therapy?
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Motivational interviewing has specific goals of reducing ambivalence about change and increasing intrinsic motivation to bring changes about, while traditional person-centered therapy does not.
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Which of the following clients would probably get the least benefit from a humanistic therapy? -Cody, who has a hard time putting thoughts and feelings into words in a logical manner -Cole, who is very talkative and open in discussing feelings -Colin, who us bright but confused about self-image -Colleen, who enjoys exploring the inner workings of the mind
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-Cody, who has a hard time putting thoughts and feelings into words in a logical manner
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To overcome her fear of balloons, because of the loud sounds they might suddenly make should they pop, Riley must sit in a room filled with balloons while the therapist pops each one. After a while, Riley realizes that her fear is unjustified and even begins to pop balloons herself. This technique is known as
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flooding
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Megan's daughter Kayla was afraid of dogs. Megan took Kayla to a therapist to help her overcome her fear but was surprised when the therapist brought a dog into the room. At first Kayla was asked to watch from across the room as the therapist showed her how to approach and pet the dog and not grab its tail. Eventually, Kayla was asked to come over and mimic the behavior she had observed. After just a few sessions, Kayla was not longer fearful of dogs. What technique did the therapist use with Kayla?
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participant modeling
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Maria sat down with her daughter, Zoe, and together wrote out a list of things that Zoe was expected to do each day and they rewards she would get if she accomplished them, as well as the penalties she would face if she did not do them. This is the most like which technique?
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contingency contracting
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For both children and adults, and for many undesirable behaviors, the use of _______ or some form of "time-out" can be quite effective.
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extinction
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Stephan gets a text message from his girlfriend saying that she will have to work overtime tonight. Stephan immediately assumes his girlfriend is seeing someone else at work. Beck would say that Stephan has engaged in what type of distorted thinking?
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arbitrary interference
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Aidan's wife comes home angry from her job, and he immediately assumes that he has done something wrong. Such irrational thinking is an example of
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personalization.
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Sydney tends to blow negative events out of proportion to their importance (magnification) while ignoring relevant positive events (minimization). What therapeutic technique may work bet to help Sydney?
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rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
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Which therapy style requires the therapist to actively confront a client's irrational beliefs?
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rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT)
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Family therapy is a form of group therapy in which
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the entire family participates, as no one person is seen as the problem.
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If Dr. Kelly uses an eclectic approach to her work as a therapist, what specifically is she doing?
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Dr. Kelly uses one or a combination of any number of therapeutic treatments depending on the situation.
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Wth regard to treatment of psychological disorders, many psychological professionals believe medications work best in combination with
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psychotherapy
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Typical antipsychotic drugs work by blocking what neurotransmitter?
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dopamine
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Anton has been on an antipsychotic drug for many years to control his schizophrenia. He has developed repetitive, involuntary, jerks and movements of the face, lips, legs, and body. These side effects make up a syndrome known as
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tardive dyskinesia.
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As part of the medical treatment trial she is participating in for severe and suicidal depression, Aldina was given _______, which is being investigated due to its seemingly immediate, although short-term, effects.
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ketamine
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In bilateral anterior cingulotomy,
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a thin wire electrode is used to destroy a small area of brain tissue.
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Why are antidepressants taking the place of many antianxiety drugs in the treatment of anxiety disorders?
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Antianxiety drugs may be addictive and have more side effects.
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Prolonged use of antipsychotic medication can lead to a side effect called _______, which is characterized by involuntary facial and tongue movements (e.g., grimacing, constant chewing), or repetitive involuntary jerks or dance-like movements of the arms and legs.
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tardive dyskinesia
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Today's electroconvulsive shock therapy is often quite useful in the treatment of
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severe depression.
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A new therapeutic technique known as deep brain stimulation (DBS) is showing promise in the treatment of
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anorexia nervosa where other treatments have failed.
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Dr. Cavendish is trying to establish what is known as a therapeutic alliance with her clients. What specifically should she do to accomplish this goal?
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She should be more empathetic and caring when working with her clients.
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Research shows that African American clients prefer a therapist _______ while Asian men prefer a _______ therapist.
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of the opposite sex; male
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What do studies show about the overall effectiveness of cybertherapy?
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Cybertherapy can be effective for people who otherwise might be unable to get to a therapist.
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_______ refers to techniques or interventions that have produced desired outcomes, or therapeutic change in controlled studies.
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Evidence-based treatment
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Which of the following may be an effective option for some concerns if there isn't a therapist available in your local community?
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self-help group
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Erika and William, along with their children Maximillian and Stella, are all seeing a psychologist to help work through some difficulties that have been occurring in their home. From time to time, their therapist opts to work with one of them instead of all four at once. This group of individuals is receiving _______ therapy.
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family therapy
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Catherine runs a weekly meeting of Alcoholics Anonymous, and several dozen members come every week. In addition, each week some new members show up to see what the group is all about, and some members who were there the previous week do not return. Which of the following is most likely true about Catherine? -Catherine has probably never experienced a substance-related problem herself. -Catherine has likely experienced some problems with alcohol in her past and is probably not a professional therapist. -Catherine is probably a licensed psychiatrist. -Catherine is probably a licensed psychologist.
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-Catherine has likely experienced some problems with alcohol in her past and is probably not a professional therapist.
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Which of the following is not a noted advantage of group psychotherapy? -Group therapy is less expensive than individual psychotherapy. -Group therapy offers emotional support from people facing similar challenges. -Group therapy offers social support from people facing similar challenges. -Group therapy is appropriate for anyone, so it is more "available" to those with personal struggles.
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-Group therapy is appropriate for anyone, so it is more "available" to those with personal struggles.
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Behavior-based therapies are _______ based, while psychodynamic and humanistic therapies are _______ based.
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action; insight
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Dr. Kali works with clients to help them learn deep relaxation. Next, he has them list their fears from least to most anxiety provoking. Finally, Dr. Kali slowly exposes his clients to each of their fears and assists them in gaining control of their anxiety. His approach is best known as
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systematic desensitization.
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Dr. Collins uses exposure-based therapies to treat many of her patients. Client A is actually confronted with the situation that causes her anxiety, while Client B is asked to think about and visualize the frightening situation. Client A's treatment method would be described as _______, while client B's treatment method is _______.
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in vivo; imaginal
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Which of the following therapies has been successful across multiple settings in the establishment of desirable behaviors and modification of problem behaviors?
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token economies
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Barbara's therapist tells her that she is applying arbitrary inference to her thinking, which ultimately is causing her to be depressed. Which of the following is an example of arbitrary inference? -Barbara tends to overgeneralize a single bad event and assume all things about her life are failing. -Barbara maximizes the bad things she experiences while minimizing the good aspects of life. -Barbara focuses strictly on a single negative event while ignoring less negative aspects. -Barbara tends to jump to conclusions with little or no evidence to support her beliefs.
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-Barbara tends to jump to conclusions with little or no evidence to support her beliefs.
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Although the term many apply to many therapies, "transference" is typically associated with _______ therapies.
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psychodynamic
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Motivational interviewing is an alternative therapy to what therapeutic approach?
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humanistic therapy
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Dr. Ellington is directive in his approach with clients. He pays close attention to body language and often focuses on a client's denied past. What type of therapeutic approach is Dr. Ellington using?
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Gestalt approach
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Which of the following cases would a humanistic approach probably be least effective as the first choice of treatment? -Felicia, a homemaker who is experiencing relationship issues in her marriage -Miranda, a corporate executive who suffers from marked delusions and active auditory hallucinations -Leilani, a university professor who has feelings of inadequacy -Kayla, a professional musician who feels worthless and suffers from moderate depression
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-Miranda, a corporate executive who suffers from marked delusions and active auditory hallucinations
