question

Your sister is happy that your niece loves to read and she reads constantly. What is a potential problem that can occur as a function of reading?

answer

Myopia

question

What type of delinquent individuals show no signs of problems in infancy or childhood, and few of them engage in any criminal activity after their mid-twenties?

answer

adolescence-limited delinquents

question

Your little sister is in 7th grade and has a boyfriend. Your parents are not very happy about this and think not only that she is too young to have an intimate relationship, but also that this behavior is very unusual for a 7th grader.

answer

This is unusual, only 17% of 7th graders have intimate relationships.

question

Of all the many uses of the Internet, the number one use is ________________.

answer

accessing pornography

question

A compelling study of the Pima Indians in Arizona and Mexico was conducted. The Pima Indians who live in Mexico continue to eat a diet that is high in vegetables and low in fat and sugars, while the Pima Indians who live in Arizona eat more like mainstream Americans. Which of the following best describes the result of this study?

answer

The American Pima Indians have an average BMI that is 50% higher than the Mexican Pima Indians.

question

Caleb believes that stealing from another is wrong and there is no reason for a person to steal. Even if a person were starving and near death, he or she should not steal food. Which of the following best describes Caleb's cognitive pattern?

answer

dualistic thinking

question

What have researchers discovered with regard to the size of the discrepancy between the actual and the ideal selves in both adolescents and emerging adults? The discrepancy is related to

answer

Depressed moods

question

Which of the following definitions best describes pragmatism?

answer

adapting logical thought to solve practical real-life situations that contain complexities and inconsistencies

question

According to Ogden et al. (2014), ________ have the lowest rates of childhood obesity.

answer

Asian American females

question

Nearly what percentage of emerging adults in Scandinavian countries cohabit before marriage?

answer

100%

question

Which type of child is more likely to experience low social status, aggressiveness, and higher rates of conflict with peers, parents, and teachers?

answer

rejected

question

The three components of bullying that researchers have identified are aggression, repetition, and ________.

answer

power imbalance

question

What is the term that the textbook defines as an understanding of how memory works?

answer

metamemory

question

Which of the following is the last structure of the brain to stop growing and when?

answer

frontal cortex; mid-twenties

question

Which of the following best describes Vygotsky's premise of how learning and cognitive growth occurs?

answer

cooperative learning

question

Why are rates of cigarette smoking lower among adolescents in the United States and Canada as compared to Europeans?

answer

The United States and Canadian governments have waged large-scale public health campaigns against smoking.

question

The time period of emerging adulthood is more likely to be seen in which of the following countries?

answer

the United States, Europe, and Japan (developed)

question

David Gilmore (1990) concluded that in most cultures an adolescent boy must demonstrate three capacities before he can be considered a man.

answer

provide, protect, and procreate

question

What country has the highest rate of teenage pregnancy of any other developed country?

answer

United States

question

Your suitemate has been sad all semester and has cried quite a bit, felt worthless and guilty, and is very worried. What type of depression is she experiencing?

answer

major depressive disorder

question

Media use in middle childhood

answer

has been associated with a number of negative outcomes later in devlopment

question

An emerging adult answered the question "What is the most important criterion for becoming an adult?" with the response of "becoming capable of supporting my parents financially." This person is most likely from _______________.

answer

Germany

question

Your brother just remarried a woman who has been divorced for a year. He is now the stepfather of three children ranging in ages from 2 to 7 years. He is trying to do his best and support his new wife with parenting duties and to show her children that he cares for them. He called last night and was very upset. He found a picture that his oldest stepchild drew and it did not include him. What would you tell him?

answer

This is typical. There is quite a bit of disruption when a divorce occurs and children typically resent their stepfathers.

question

As children spend more time watching TV they are more likely to be____ and spend less time ____.

answer

overweight or obese; exercising

question

What Piagetian stage involves the development of hypothetical-deductive reasoning?

answer

formal operations

question

Which of the following best represents research on formal operational thinking across cultures?

answer

The way that formal operational thinking is manifested is likely different across different cultures.

question

Results of the General Social Survey have found that what percentage of Americans believe that men should hold the power and be out in the world doing things while women should focus on caring for children and running the household?

answer

25 to 33%

question

One hundred years ago, approximately what percentage of individuals in developed countries obtained post-secondary education?

answer

10%

question

Pool et al. (2003) found that watching television interfered with adolescents' homework performances, but ____.

answer

listening to music did not

question

By age 25, nearly what percentage of emerging adults has had sexual intercourse at least once?

answer

100%

question

Charlotte is a typical American girl. Based on the research, one would expect her self-esteem to be lowest in ________________.

answer

early adolescence

question

Your sister has an 8-year-old who seems to be losing his teeth at a rapid pace. This is her first child and she is concerned. What would you tell her? From age 6 to 12 years, children ____.

answer

lose all of their primary teeth—this is normal

question

_____ is the use of a substance once or perhaps a few times out of curiosity and then not using it again, whereas ____ is the use of substances during social activities with one or more friends.

answer

Experimental substance use; social substance use

question

You have not seen your 22-year-old cousin in quite some time. After a brief visit, you are impressed that she is more confident socially, is less dogmatic, and is less ethnocentric in her political and social views than she had been as a teenager. Given what you know about development, you guess that she has ____.

answer

graduated from college

question

When capable of concrete operational thought, children __________________________.

answer

can organize and manipulate information mentally

question

Your roommate and you are having a discussion of the "Westernization" of many developing countries. You are concerned about the ill effects of adopting some of Western culture's traits. In terms of children's healthy weight in developing countries, why would you be concerned about the potential changes in their diets that can come with Westernization? Children in developing countries ____.

answer

are eating more unhealthy foods as a result of Western diets

question

Your 20-year-old brother and your father are playing a game that requires quick responses and your brother is consistently winning. Why? Your brother ____.

answer

is 20 years old and 20-year-olds have the fastest reaction times

question

According to Osgood, adolescents and young adults have a high rate of ____, which in turn allows them to engage in deviant behaviors such as alcohol and marijuana use.

answer

unstructured socializing

question

According to Basseches, what type of thinking develops in emerging adulthood that involves a growing awareness that problems often have no clear solution and two opposing strategies or points of view may each have some merit?

answer

dialectical thought

question

During emerging adulthood most individuals describe their friendships with others as being ____.

answer

especially close

question

In a longitudinal study that followed a sample of American children from age 4 to 11, TV-watching predicted gains in ____.

answer

body fat

question

Your 22-year-old sister was horrified to learn that she contracted an STI that could potentially increase her risk of infertility. What are two STIs she could have?

answer

chlamydia and human papilloma virus

question

In middle childhood, children become more capable of focusing their attention on relevant information and ____, which is called ____.

answer

disregarding what is irrelevant; selective attention

question

Who comprises the source of adolescents' happiest experiences?

answer

Friends

question

Vanessa is terrified of becoming fat. Her weight is normal, and most of the time she has normal eating habits, but sometimes she loses control and "binges" on large amounts of food. In an effort to avoid becoming fat, Vanessa makes herself throw up after these binges. Vanessa is exhibiting symptoms of ___________.

answer

bulimia nervosa

question

Based on the most recent statistics, which of the following American adolescents is LEAST likely to use substances such as alcohol, cigarettes, or marijuana?

answer

James, who is Chinese American

question

Rates of overweight and obesity ______

answer

are rising worldwide

question

What aspect of language refers to the social context and conventions of language?

answer

pragmatics

question

What is the most distinctive characteristic of emerging adulthood? It is the age of ____.

answer

identity exploration

question

Great inventors such as Leonardo da Vinci, Benjamin Franklin, and Alexander Graham Bell all possess which of Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence?

answer

creative intelligence

question

What is the ability to arrange things in a logical order called?

answer

seriation

question

According to Piaget, formal operations are fully attained and cognitive maturation is complete by ____.

answer

at least age 20

question

According to Phinney, what ethnic identity status is the most common among Mexican Americans and Asian Americans, as well as some European minority groups such as Turkish individuals living in the Netherlands?

answer

biculturalism

question

With regard to pubertal development for females, what is the most important estrogen?

answer

estradiol

question

What is the last structure of the brain to complete its growth process?

answer

cerebellum

question

6-year-olds can ____, whereas 8-year-olds can ____.

answer

write letters of the alphabet; write in cursive

question

On the basis of anthropological evidence, the United States would be considered a(n) ________ culture in terms of its cultural beliefs about the acceptability (or not) of premarital sex.

answer

semirestrictive

question

Research on the media use of adolescents ____________________________

answer

has shown that the content of electronic games is related to their emotional responses

question

Which of the following countries is the highest achieving in math and reading performance at 8th grade?

answer

Japan

question

Your neighbor is concerned that her teenage daughter has an eating disorder. You are not so sure since her daughter is of normal weight. If her daughter does have an eating disorder, what is the most likely possibility?

answer

bulimia nervosa

question

What concept involves adapting logical thinking to the practical constraints of real-life situations?

answer

pragmatism

question

Because of globalization, more young people around the world now have one part of their identity rooted in their local culture while another part stems from an awareness of their relation to the global culture. What do scholars call this type of identity?

answer

bicultural identity

question

PhD Member ****** Labouvie-Vief (1990) presented a story that described a man who was a heavy drinker. His wife had warned him that if he came home drunk one more time, she would leave him and take the children. At a later time, he went to an office party and came home drunk. Labouvie-Vief asked adolescents what they thought the wife would do. How did the adolescents respond?

answer

Without much hesitation, they thought that she left.

question

Ashton is shown two round balls of clay equal in size. He watches as the experimenter rolls one ball into a long sausage shape and asks which of the shapes has more clay. If Ashton is in Piaget's preoperational stage he will reply, ____.

answer

"the long one"

question

When is the worst time for children who have experienced divorce?

answer

one year later

question

What area of the brain is associated with the overproduction of synaptic connections during puberty?

answer

frontal lobes

question

What is the median age of marriage for women in most developed countries today?

answer

30 years

question

According to Phinney, what ethnic identity status is the most common among African American adolescents?

answer

separation

question

Which of the following demographics has the highest rate of alcohol use?

answer

young adults who are enrolled in college

question

You are talking to an exchange student about the different styles of education that occur in the United States and her country. She told you that she had to determine her course of study before she was admitted to the university in her country. On what continent did her university education likely take place?

answer

European

question

According to the text, about ____ of 18- to- 23-year-olds report having not had sex at all in the past year.

answer

1/4

question

The gains in reflective judgment that take place in emerging adulthood appear to be due more to ____.

answer

education

question

When do many of the most important steps in identity development take place?

answer

emerging adulthood

question

Your parents have made several comments to you regarding contraception. They believe that emerging adults are constantly engaging in sexual behaviors. You agree that you are typical of most emerging adults, but what statistic from the text can you give to clarify their perception? You can tell them that you are aware of contraceptive devices and that, generally speaking, only ____ of emerging adults report never using contraception.

answer

10%

question

Which of the following best describes the category of depressed mood?

answer

a temporary period of sadness, without any related symptoms

question

In most developed countries in 1960, what was the median age of marriage for women?

answer

21

question

Your Chinese neighbor relocated to the United States several years ago before his children were adolescents. He told you that there were many reasons why he wanted to move his family to the United States, but one reason had to do with his children's education during high school. He stated that high schools in Eastern countries like China, Japan, and South Korea train their students ____.

answer

by rote learning

question

How frequent is conflict between parents and adolescents in traditional cultures?

answer

rare

question

Which of the following best explains why the United States has a higher rate of death for emerging adults from motor vehicle accidents than other Western countries?

answer

Other countries have a higher minimum driving age and have less access to automobiles.

question

The age of ____ is an age when people explore various possibilities in love and work as they move toward making enduring choices.

answer

identity explorations

question

What type of thinking involves understanding that there are two or more legitimate views for each issue and comparing the merits of competing views?

answer

Relativism

question

Which of the following statements best summarizes the current research on college students' sleep patterns?

answer

Preferences for morningness and eveningness change with age.

question

____ is the difference between skills or tasks that adolescents can accomplish alone and those they are capable of doing if guided by an adult or a more competent peer.

answer

The zone of proximal development

question

Considerable increase in synaptic connections occurs around the time puberty begins during a process neuroscientists call ____.

answer

overproduction

question

Your 14-year-old sister is constantly being harassed at school. She has done all that she can to avoid and prevent the bullying besides just dropping out of school. She has decided that all she can do is try to avoid the perpetrators. What can you tell her regarding how long this type of behavior continues?The bullying will ____.

answer

decrease substantially by late adolescence

question

In the United States and Europe the most important criteria is for becoming an adult is ____, whereas in Asia it is ____.

answer

financial independence; the capacity to support one's parents financially

question

Lynn and Mikk (2007) performed a study that included 46 countries. They found that IQ scores were highly correlated with ____.

answer

school achievement

question

According to the text, about ____ of 18- to 23-year-olds report having had two or more sexual partners in the past year.

answer

1/3

question

Which of the following is one of the most important protective factors identified in resilience research, enabling adolescents to overcome the risk factors in their lives?

answer

a caring mentor outside the family

question

In developed countries, _______________

answer

even children who do not receive vaccinations are less susceptible to fatal diseases in middle childhood than they were earlier in their development

question

Which of the following best describes the classification of addictive substance use?

answer

a person has become dependent on regular use of the substance to feel good physically or psychologically

question

Which of the following regions of the world has the longest and most leisurely experience for emerging adulthood?

answer

europe

question

At age 7, Felix is a much better soccer player than he was at age 4. Not only is he a fast runner but he can dribble the soccer ball down the field by alternating right-foot, left-foot kicks. He can also fake out defenders by pretending to kick the ball with his right foot but actually using his left foot. Felix's improvement in soccer illustrates growth in which of the following areas?

answer

agility

question

____ viewed moral development as based on cognitive development, such that moral thinking changes in predictable ways as cognitive abilities develop, regardless of culture.

answer

Lawrence Kohlberg

question

Which of the following best describes an imaginary audience?

answer

an exaggerated image of a highly attentive audience for the adolescent's appearance and his or her behavior

question

According to Vygotsky, children and adolescents learn best if the instruction they are provided is ____ of the zone of proximal development.

answer

near the top

question

Jean Piaget used the ____ to illustrate and measure children's and adolescent's entrance into hypothetical-deductive reasoning.

answer

pendulum problem

question

What type of education or training program takes place beyond secondary school?

answer

tertiary education

question

Which of the following pairs has the highest concordance rate for myopia?

answer

monozygotic twins in a developed nation

question

Kayla accidently bumped into a boy in the hall at school, causing his books to fall to the ground. He yelled at her that she did it on purpose and became very angry even though she tried to help him pick up his books. He is likely a ________ child who has poor _____________.

answer

rejected; social information processing skills

question

For most sports, peak age of performance occurs during the ____.

answer

20s

question

Nearly ____ of American college students report driving while intoxicated within the past year.

answer

50%

question

Traditionally, university education in Europe often lasted six or more years because it culminated in a degree that was equivalent to a(n):

answer

advanced degree in the United States.

question

Tran is an 8-year-old girl who lives in a Western country in an urban area. If one were to compare the timing of puberty for Tran to the timing of puberty for her ancestral female lineage, one could say that Tran will experience puberty ____ others did in her family's history.

answer

younger than

question

Compared to his 7-year-old brother, a 14-year-old will have an easier time reading a book and listening to music at the same time because he's more adept at _____________________.

answer

tasks that require divided attention

question

Tuition rates were ____ in 2007 than they were in 1982 in both public and private colleges and universities.

answer

four times higher

question

When comparing the emotions experienced by American adolescents with those experienced by their parents, researchers found that the adolescents reported feeling _________ more often.

answer

self conscious

question

Which of the following best describes cell phone usage by early adults in Japan?

answer

more texting then phone calling

question

Carlos can be best described as a resilient adolescent. Against all odds, he has graduated from high school and is enrolled in college. He comes from a lower socioeconomic status and a harsh neighborhood, and he is the first in his family to graduate from high school and attend college. Which of the following are three protective factors we can assume Carlos possesses?

answer

high intelligence, warm but controlling parents, and a social network of caring adults

question

In many traditional cultures, young men are required to demonstrate courage, strength, and endurance in their coming-of-age rituals because ___________.

answer

daily life often requires these capacities

question

Moving from adolescence, most individuals experience ____ in self-esteem as they enter into emerging adulthood.

answer

an increase

question

What is the term that is used to describe a person's perception and evaluation of him- or herself?

answer

self-concept

question

By the end of middle childhood ________________

answer

fine motor development has nearly reached adult maturity

question

Development in what allows children in middle childhood to respond rapidly to changing information, like hitting a tennis ball or catching a baseball?

answer

reaciton time

question

At what age is peak bone mass generally reached?

answer

during the 20s

question

Even in middle childhood, obesity can result in ____.

answer

diabetes

question

____ is an awareness that there are two or more sides to every story, two or more legitimate views of every issue, and that it can be difficult to justify one position as the only true or accurate one.

answer

multiple thinking

question

As stated in the text, with respect to pubertal development, the most important androgen is ____ and the most important estrogen is ____.

answer

testosterone; estradiol

question

At age 8, what percentage of African American girls has begun to develop breasts or pubic hair or both?

answer

50%

question

Which of the following are three components of the Media Practice Model?

answer

selection, interaction, and application

question

Reflective judgment ____________

answer

is more likely to develop in cultures that value pluralism

question

Your mother is really interested in your younger sister getting a vaccine that may prevent her from getting cervical cancer. What vaccine is she talking about?

answer

HPV

question

Which statement best describes the history of education in the United States?

answer

Prior to 1800, about half of children did not attend school.

question

In America, which of the following time periods has the greatest degree of residential change or changing where a person lives?

answer

emerging adulthood

question

Research on reading and math skills _______________________

answer

has found that even some nonhuman animals have a primitive awareness of numeracy

question

________ are most likely to be living on their own rather than with their parents in their early twenties.

answer

White Americans

question

In a study that examined gender roles in 12 traditional cultures, same-gender play groups occurred in about 30-40% of 2- to 3-year-olds, but occurred in what percentage in middle childhood?

answer

over 90%

question

According to Perry, reflective judgment ___

answer

is more common when the educational system promotes tolerance of diverse points of view

question

Self-esteem ____ in the transition from early childhood to middle childhood.

answer

declines slightly

question

Jacob, an only child, has been pressured by his father to take over the family car business. Reluctantly, Jacob has agreed to this because his father told him that he wanted to be able to pass on the fruits of his labor and Jacob doesn't think he can earn a better salary doing anything else. He has not explored his options, but has passively accepted the identity his father imposed on him. According to Marcia's model, Jacob would be described as _________.

answer

foreclosed

question

___ reflects the ability of the body to take in oxygen and transport it to various organs.

answer

Maximum oxygen uptake

question

According to Sussman et al. (2007) what type of group includes students who do not stand out in any particular way, neither positively or negatively, and are mostly ignored by other students?

answer

others

question

Which of the following are four classifications that young people can be grouped into as substance users?

answer

experimental, social, medicinal, and addictive

question

The goal of emerging adults' self-focusing is learning to stand alone as a self-sufficient person, but emerging adults ____.

answer

do not see self-sufficiency as a permanent state

question

At age 18 years, the beginning of emerging adulthood, about ____ of Americans have had intercourse at least once, and by age 25 nearly ____ emerging adults have had intercourse.

answer

1/2, all

question

Which of the following best describes religious beliefs in emerging adulthood?

answer

In emerging adulthood, religious beliefs are highly individualized.

question

When are children less vulnerable to the effects of malnutrition?

answer

middle childhood

question

Which of the following is James Marcia's identity status in which the individual lacks exploration and commitment to an identity?

answer

diffusion

question

Lev Vygotsky coined the term, ____, which refers to the degree of assistance provided to the adolescent in the zone of proximal development.

answer

scaffolding

question

Marin, an 8-year-old boy, watches high amounts of violence on the television in his room and his parents are usually not around to monitor the content or enforce time limits on his viewing. Which of the following is most accurate based on research?

answer

He is more likely to be aggressive in adulthood.

question

After learning to knit a simple scarf with her grandmother's guidance, Alexis began to knit a sweater while on break from college. She went over to her grandmother's once when she had a question. By the time Alexis had to go back to school, she had nearly finished the sweater. She finished the sweater a few weeks later while she was back at college, needing only one Skype session to help her. After finishing the sweater, her grandmother mailed her a pattern so she can knit a handbag. This illustrates ___________________.

answer

scaffolding

question

Across developing countries, what is the leading cause of death during emerging adulthood?

answer

motor vehicles

question

In the U.S., rates of overweight and obesity are higher in ____.

answer

ethnic minority groups

question

Jace thinks he's a really good driver. He often speeds on long stretches of highway and doesn't usually slow down on the curves in the road despite what the signs say. He brags to his friends in the car that he can drive fast because he knows what he's doing. He goes on to say that only bad drivers get themselves in accidents. His way of thinking demonstrates _______________.

answer

the personal fable

question

Children improve in their emotional self-regulation in part because their ____ requires it.

answer

environment

question

Piaget termed the cognitive stage from age 7 to 11 the stage of concrete operations. During this stage children become capable of ____.

answer

using mental operations

question

The Flynn effect, which is the raising of the median IQ score in Western countries in the course of the 20th century, is explained by ____.

answer

the environment

question

According to the text, what component of the memory system is limited such that the more information that is contained in the system, the less effectively new information can be added?

answer

short-term memory

question

Which of the following statements about depression is TRUE?

answer

. Rates of depressed mood rise notably from middle childhood to adolescence.

question

in terms of intellectual development, one important conclusion from adoption and twin studies is that the more two people in a family are alike genetically, ____.

answer

the higher the correlation in their IQ scores

question

What percentage of American emerging adults reported that religious faith is "very" or "extremely" important in their lives?

answer

44%

question

Due to globalization, many cultural groups have minimized their use of puberty rituals for boys; however, in Africa the ritual of ____ is still maintained.

answer

public circumcision

question

Which of the following best reflects collectivistic cultural beliefs in education?

answer

Children often work in groups, with children who have mastered the concept instructing those who have not grasped it just yet.

question

Compared to younger children, those in middle childhood _____________

answer

are more likely to realize that what people say is not always what they mean

question

Dr. Rose often uses the Experience Sampling Method (ESM) in her research. Which of the following is most likely to be the topic of her work?

answer

Changes in emotions between childhood and adolescence

question

What is one of the strongest risk factors for all types of depression in adolescence and beyond?

answer

being female

question

Compared to single-language children, those who are bilingual __________________________.

answer

have better metalinguistic skills

question

In the United States, ____% of boys and ____% of girls between 5-18 years of age are involved in organized sports.

answer

66, 52

question

Johnny has been in Cub Scouts for 4 years and is getting ready to cross over to Boy Scouts at 11 years of age. The Boy Scouts require discipline, good behavior, and following instructions. How likely is it that he will be able to meet these demands?

answer

most likely

question

Substance use of all kinds rises through the late teens and peaks in the ____ then ____.

answer

early 20s; declines in the late 20s

question

What is the type of self that is promoted by collectivistic cultures?

answer

interdependent

question

According to Arnett, four revolutionary changes took place in the _____ that laid the foundation for the new life stage of emerging adulthood.

answer

1960's and 70's

question

According to Smith and Snell, American emerging adults tend to believe that what is most important about religion is the ____.

answer

belief in God and the encouragement to be a good person

question

Your college roommate, like most of your friends, uses her cell phone to text quite a bit. If she is like the average college student, how many text messages a week would she send to her parents?

answer

13

question

From Ernest Pascarella and Patrick Terenzini's research, which of the following are cited as cognitive benefits of attending college?

answer

increases in general verbal, oral, and written communication skills, and critical thinking

question

By the mid-teens, estradiol production in females is how many times greater than it was before puberty?

answer

8

question

One hundred years ago ____ of young people obtained tertiary education in any industrialized country.

answer

less than 10%

question

People tend to prefer being around others who are like themselves, a principle called ____.

answer

selective association

question

Pubic hair and genital development began earlier for ____ boys than ____ boys.

answer

African American; White

question

What do critics call female circumcision?

answer

female genital mutilation

question

Your sister constantly worries about your nephew, who is currently a toddler. She knows that this is a time of important physical and behavioral development and worries that every bump, bruise, or sniffle could negatively affect his future health and well being. What can you tell her as your nephew approaches middle childhood?

answer

It is the safest and healthiest time of life.

question

What is the correlation in IQ scores for monozygotic (MZ) twins?

answer

.85

question

According to Piaget, at what age do children make an important cognitive advance toward becoming more systematic and logical thinkers?

answer

7 years

question

What involves a growing awareness that problems often have no clear solution, and two opposing strategies or points of view may each have merit?

answer

dialectical thought

question

Antony is an adolescent who is primarily responsible for taking care of his younger sibling while his parents work. In addition, Antony's household includes not only his parents and siblings but also includes grandparents, uncles, aunts, and cousins as well. Based upon this description, Antony is most likely ____.

answer

an adolescent who lives in a traditional culture

question

What percentage of children remain obese/overweight in adulthood?

answer

80%

question

Outbursts of crying and anger are fairly frequent in the early years of life. What happens to these behaviors by middle childhood?

answer

they decline substantially

question

According to the CDC (2008), about ____ of American adolescent girls and ____ of boys in grades 9-12 report engaging in eating disordered behavior in the past 30 days.

answer

20%, 10%

question

What percentage of Dutch adolescents indicated that they communicated about themselves, about their personal feelings, and about sorrows and secrets with their fathers?

answer

3%

question

Your friends are talking about the crazy and stupid things that they did when they were adolescents. Most of your male friends said they were involved in vandalism, underage drinking, or petty shoplifting once or twice. On average, how many adolescent boys committed at least one criminal act before they reached age 20?

answer

75%

question

Your family has a history of asthma and allergies. Your brother is a smoker and he and his wife have a 6-year-old son. What do you need to tell him regarding smoking and asthma in children?

answer

If he wants his child to have asthma, keep smoking.

question

Pascarella and Terenzini found that in the course of college, students become more ____.

answer

academic

question

According to Gisela Labouvie-Vief, adolescents and many young adults are confined to formal operations and do not possess postformal operational thought because they ____.

answer

often exaggerate the extent to which logical thinking can be applied to real-life situations

question

For the most part, becoming bilingual is ____ to language development and learning a secondary language ____ with mastering the primary language.

answer

favorable; does not interfere

question

To whom are adolescents most likely to show the self that they know does not represent what they are actually thinking and feeling?

answer

dates

question

Which of the following statements best summarizes the current research on sleep patterns of emerging adults?

answer

The peak of eveningness comes at around age 20-21.

question

In the United States, substance use is ______ before adolescence, ________ by the end of secondary school.

answer

rare; but fairly common

question

Your nephew is extremely intelligent. Your family jokes with him that he is a giant nerd not just because he is very intelligent, but because he also likes to learn and studies quite a bit. He has great social skills and enjoys the joking around. What would you guess about his popularity at school?

answer

Intelligence enhances popularity in middle school for those with good social skills, so he probably is quite popular.

question

The average age of coming out for LGB adolescents has _____ in recent decades.

answer

remained the same

question

Research on resilience has shown that ___________________________.

answer

high intelligence characterizes many individuals who are considered resilient

question

How many ova are released during the course of a woman's reproductive lives?

answer

400

question

Murnane and Levy (1997) found that what percentage of 17-year-olds cannot read or do math at the level needed to perform the types of new jobs that are being created today?

answer

50%

question

Pascarella and Terenzini found that in the course of the college years, a student's ____.

answer

self-concept and psychological well-being improves

question

Approximately 15% of American adolescent females are overweight. What percentage believe that they are overweight?

answer

60%

question

Hill and Lynch proposed that psychological and behavioral differences between males and females become more pronounced in the transition from childhood to adolescence because of intensified socialized pressures to conform to culturally prescribed gender roles. What is the name of this hypothesis?

answer

gender-intensification hypothesis

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