PSY 150 Chapter 13 Treatments - Flashcards

Q: Which psychological disorder is correctly matched with its medication?

schizophrenia â antipsychotics

question

_____ are the most popular antidepressants today.

answer

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors

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Which figure BEST approximates the proportion of inmates who suffer from some type of mental health problem?

answer

50%

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In mainstream American culture, a silence is awkward if it lasts _____ seconds. In Lakota culture, a silence may last up to _____ seconds without being awkward.

answer

5; 30

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_____ is used to treat phobias by presenting clients with the feared objects or situations in a no-risk context.

answer

Exposure

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Person-centered therapists use a type of empathetic listening called _____ listening.

answer

active

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According to some estimates, there are as many as _____ specific types of psychotherapy.

answer

500

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Vinnie suffers from schizophrenia. So far, his hallucinations have not responded to antipsychotic medication. His doctor might recommend:

answer

repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

question

Which statement is TRUE?

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Cognitive therapy is superior to rational-emotive behavior therapy in some instances.

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Which is the broadest category of therapy?

answer

biomedical therapy

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Which psychological disorder is correctly matched with its medication?

answer

schizophrenia — antipsychotics

question

Tricyclic antidepressants affect the action of the neurotransmitters:

answer

serotonin and norepinephrine.

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During her weekly therapy sessions, Sabrina will often abruptly shift the focus of her attention and lose her train of thought. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

answer

resistance.

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The erroneous belief that self-contained events will have major repercussions in one's life is called:

answer

overgeneralization.

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Clinical psychologists have earned:

answer

either PhDs or PsyDs.

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_____ was the first psychotropic prescription drug to be widely abused.

answer

Valium

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Up to _____ of therapists now use an integrative, eclectic approach to therapy.

answer

50%

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In an eating disorders clinic, the patients receive merits for appropriate behaviors on the unit and for good eating behaviors such as finishing their meals. This BEST illustrates an application of:

answer

a token economy.

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The text cites a Los Angeles county study in which Mexican Americans and Asian Americans were more likely to stick with and benefit from therapy when matched with a therapist of the same ethnicity and native language. The length of time the clients persisted in therapy was a(n) _____ variable in this study.

answer

dependent

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During the 1970s, _____ was nicknamed "Executive Excedrin" because of its abuse among white-collar businesspeople.

answer

Valium

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Ethnic minorities make up nearly _____ of the American population.

answer

35%

question

Psychodynamic therapy is probably NOT an effective form of treatment for:

answer

schizophrenia

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Atypical antipsychotics reduce schizophrenic symptoms in approximately _____ of patients.

answer

60-85%

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Improving conflict management and communication skills is one of the main objectives of:

answer

couples therapy

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Compared with psychoanalysis, humanistic therapy is _____ likely to focus on the present rather than the past, and _____ likely to focus on the conscious rather than the unconscious mind.

answer

more; more

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Person-centered therapists are _____; that is, they follow the client's lead during the session.

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nondirective

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In the United States, the deinstitutionalization of patients with psychological disorders began in the:

answer

1950s

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Marcel receives an 87 on the second midterm in his calculus course—the first time he has ever received anything less than an A in any course. Marcel now believes he will never succeed in math courses. Marcel is demonstrating:

answer

overgeneralization.

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To help Jacob overcome his smoking habit, a therapist has him smoke cigarettes laced with a chemical that induces nausea. In addition, she displays gruesome images of lung cancer on the walls while Jacob is smoking. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

answer

aversion therapy.

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Which class of antidepressant is correctly matched with a sample drug?

answer

tricyclics — Elavil

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Jenny has just finished describing one of her dreams to her therapist. Her therapist tells her to say anything and everything that comes to her mind. Jenny's therapist is using the technique of:

answer

free association.

question

Which is NOT one of the terms used to refer to groups such as Alcoholics Anonymous and Parents without Partners?

answer

therapeutic groups

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To control schizophrenic symptoms, Nicola has been taking an antipsychotic medication for approximately 18 months. Recently, she has developed such symptoms as shaking, restlessness, and facial tics. These side effects are sometimes seen with _____ antipsychotics, such as _____.

answer

traditional; Haldol

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Erin has been diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder. Her psychiatrist will MOST likely prescribe a:

answer

benzodiazepine.

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When working with families or groups, therapists generally use some type of _____ therapy.

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insight

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One disadvantage of psychodynamic therapy is that it:

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requires high verbal ability and self-awareness.

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If a client becomes unwilling to cooperate at key points during therapy, she is demonstrating:

answer

resistance

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Exposure + anxiety hierarchy = _____.

answer

systematic desensitization

question

Which of these is NOT a classical conditioning technique?

answer

the token economy

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Which is NOT a type of medication used to treat psychological disorders?

answer

anticompulsives

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In recent years, neurosurgery has been used to treat a few people suffering from severe, intractable _____ disorder.

answer

obsessive-compulsive

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Dr. DeRouen is a psychodynamic therapist. Her colleague Dr. Ebrahim practices person-centered therapy. Both doctors, though, believe that the goal of therapy is to encourage awareness of inner conflicts, defenses, and motives. Both Dr. DeRouen and Dr. Ebrahim are therefore _____ therapists.

answer

insight

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Bipolar disorder is treated with _____ or _____.

answer

anticonvulsants; mood stabilizers

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______ is more colloquially known as "talk therapy."

answer

Psychotherapy

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When a client begins relating to a therapist in the same way she might relate to parents or other important people in her life, she is demonstrating:

answer

transference.

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Behavior therapists often treat phobias by using:

answer

systematic desensitization.

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Which drug is correctly matched with the disorder for which it might be prescribed?

answer

Ativan — generalized anxiety disorder

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Coming to a conclusion when there is no evidence to support it is a cognitive distortion called:

answer

arbitrary inference.

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_____ sessions are often led by trained paraprofessionals rather than by mental health professionals.

answer

Self-help group

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Michaela's therapist is an active listener who often paraphrases what she says. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. He gives her appropriate validation and encourages her to reflect on her feelings. He wants to deepen her self-understanding. Her therapy is MOST likely:

answer

person-centered therapy.

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Becca seems to see things in black-and-white extremes. A cognitive therapist would suspect that Becca is prone to:

answer

dichotomous thinking.

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After 42 psychotherapy sessions, _____ of clients show clinically significant improvement.

answer

75%

question

In _____, legislation began requiring group insurance plans to provide mental health coverage.

answer

2010

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Biomedical therapies do NOT include:

answer

behavior therapy.

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Psychoanalysts attempt to access a client's unconscious through each of these avenues, EXCEPT:

answer

aversion therapy.

question

According to a behavior therapist, how are psychological disorders treated MOST effectively?

answer

The client must learn new responses.

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According to the textbook, "deinstitutionalization was made possible by the introduction of medications that reduced some symptoms of severe psychological disorders." In other words, advances in _____ therapy paved the way for deinstitutionalization.

answer

biomedical

question

Cognitive therapists believe that psychological disorders reflect:

answer

distortions in thinking.

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The textbook states that people often enter a psychiatric ward or hospital when they experience a psychotic episode. Based on this information, hospitalization is probably MOST likely for individuals suffering from:

answer

schizophrenia.

question

People with bipolar disorder are ____ times as likely to take their own lives as are members of the general population.

answer

20

question

The view that psychological normality and abnormality reflect a continuum rather than discrete categories took hold in the:

answer

first half of the 20th century.

question

Noah dreams that he suddenly becomes paralyzed as he tries to cross a busy intersection. In Freudian terms, this is the _____ content of Noah's dream. The underlying meaning of the dream is the _____ content.

answer

manifest; latent

question

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation involves:

answer

delivering an electrical current to the brain through coils outside the head

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Both cognitive therapy and rational-emotive behavior therapy are sometimes called _____ therapy.

answer

cognitive behavioral

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To help Alfredo reduce his fear of dogs, a therapist encourages him to relax and imagine that he is walking toward a friendly, harmless little dog. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates:

answer

systematic desensitization.

question

Daniel has been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Daniel's psychiatrist might prescribe _____ to control his hallucinations and delusions.

answer

traditional or atypical antipsychotics

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Ms. Milner suffers from severe major depression. A physician implants an electrode to supply a weak electrical current to a specific portion of her brain. Ms. Milner is undergoing:

answer

deep brain stimulation.

question

Recall the terminology of classical conditioning. In systematic desensitization, relaxation is BEST seen as a new:

answer

CR.

question

Freud proposed that the ego defends the individual against anxiety by pushing sexual and aggressive urges out of consciousness. This defense mechanism is called:

answer

repression.

question

Over the years, the proportion of hospital patients who receive electroconvulsive therapy has:

answer

declined dramatically.

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Which is the MOST specific category of therapy?

answer

psychodynamic therapy

question

Which psychologist argued that depression results from irrational thoughts?

answer

Albert Ellis

question

Which is NOT one of the three classes of antidepressants?

answer

beta blockers

question

Ms. Murdoch is undergoing therapy for generalized anxiety disorder through a combination of online videoconferences and chat sessions with her therapist. Ms. Murdoch is receiving:

answer

e-therapy.

question

Dopamine is to GABA as ______ is to _____.

answer

traditional antipsychotics; benzodiazepines

question

Malika sees her therapist every other week. When she is at her therapist's office, she feels accepted and can share anything. While her therapist listens to what Malika has to say without judgment, he also seeks understanding by paraphrasing as well as asking for clarification. Malika's therapist is practicing:

answer

person-centered therapy

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Electroconvulsive therapy was most prevalent in the _____ century.

answer

mid-20th

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Group therapy is the preferred treatment approach for:

answer

interpersonal problems.

question

In the late 1700s, _____ began reforming the conditions in asylums to make them more humane.

answer

Philippe Pinel

question

To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. This approach to treatment BEST illustrates:

answer

aversion therapy.

question

Religious groups began developing asylums in the _____ century.

answer

16th

question

Compared with individual therapy, group therapy is _____ effective.

answer

just as

question

Most often, group therapy sessions involve _____ members.

answer

3 to 10

question

Selective serotonin uptake inhibitors were introduced in the:

answer

1980s

question

Humanistic therapy began to take root in the:

answer

1950s

question

Collectivist cultures include _____ cultures.

answer

American Indian and Latin American

question

Humanistic therapy began as a reaction to:

answer

psychoanalysis

question

In one application of aversive conditioning, alcohol is paired with a drug that induces vomiting. Which choice correctly applies classical conditioning terminology to this situation?

answer

Alcohol becomes a CS associated with vomiting.

question

Which drug is correctly classified?

answer

Neither Haldol nor Risperdal is correctly classified.

question

The first edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders was published in the:

answer

1950s

question

Which sequence correctly arranges types of therapy from broadest to most specific?

answer

psychological therapy > insight therapy > family therapy

question

Which drug is correctly matched with its category?

answer

lithium — mood-stabilizer

question

Beck argued that cognitive schemas underlie distorted thought patterns. Beck's assertion reflects the intellectual legacy of the pioneering developmental psychologist:

answer

Jean Piaget

question

Social phobia and panic disorder are treated using:

answer

bensodiazepines

question

Dr. Perkins is a psychotherapist and has received an email request from one of his clients, asking if she can join his LinkedIn network. According to the textbook, Dr. Perkins's response should be a:

answer

definite "no"

question

Mood stabilizers are used to treat ______ disorder

answer

bipolar

question

An anxiety hierarchy is used in:

answer

systematic desensetization

question

Carl Rogers is to _____ therapy as _____ is to rational-emotive behavior therapy.

answer

person-centered; Albert Ellis

question

Group therapy was first developed in the:

answer

1940s

question

Which period is correctly matched with its development in the history of psychological treatment?

answer

19th century -- mental hygiene movement

question

In a residential treatment facility for troubled youth, adolescent children receive large colored buttons when they hang up their clothes, make their beds, and come to meals on time. The children return the buttons to staff members to receive bedtime snacks or for permission to watch television. This system of rewards BEST illustrates an application of:

answer

operant conditioning.

question

Aaron Beck was originally trained in _____ therapy. He later went on to develop _____ therapy.

answer

psychoanalytic; cognitive

question

Which behavior therapy technique is correctly matched with its description?

answer

systematic desensitization — Gradual exposure to an anxiety-provoking stimulus is paired with relaxation.

question

Operant conditioning is to classical conditioning as _____ is to _____.

answer

the token economy; aversion therapy

question

During his weekly therapy sessions, Colin finds it very difficult to talk about childhood memories. He often pauses before mentioning embarrassing moments or simply forgets important details. A psychoanalyst would suggest that this illustrates:

answer

resistance.

question

During a session, Henry becomes agitated at his therapist, saying that she is controlling, domineering, and trying to ruin his life. A psychoanalyst would say that Henry's behavior illustrates:

answer

transference.

question

Which statement is TRUE?

answer

Group therapists may take any of the major theoretical approaches to therapy.

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_____ is the therapeutic technique developed by _____. The goal of this type of therapy is to help patients gain insight into repressed impulses and conflicts.

answer

Psychoanalysis; Sigmund Freud

question

In _____, a pleasant relaxed state is associated with increasingly intense anxiety-provoking stimuli.

answer

systematic desensitization

question

Cognitive therapy was initially advanced by:

answer

Aaron Beck.

question

Mrs. Williams experiences periods of intense mania alternating with bouts of major depression. She will be BEST treated using:

answer

mood stabilizers.

question

Dr. Alvarez is a strict Freudian psychoanalyst. Dr. Brown is a nondirective, client-centered, humanistic therapist. Dr. Charles is a behavior therapist. Which of these psychologists is an insight therapist?

answer

Only Dr. Alvarez and Dr. Brown are insight therapists.

question

In _____, the goal is to replace a positive response to a harmful stimulus with a negative one.

answer

aversion therapy

question

To help Tom reduce his fear of flying, a therapist encourages him to physically relax and then simply imagine that he is taking off in an airplane. The therapist's technique BEST illustrates the early stages of:

answer

systematic desensitization.

question

The lack of nonverbal cues and the difficulty of establishing a therapeutic relationship are two shortcomings of _____, which uses the Internet to provide support and treatment.

answer

e-therapy

question

_____ therapy encourages clients to challenge their irrational, unrealistic beliefs.

answer

Rational-emotive behavior

question

_____ therapy is a type of insight therapy that emphasizes the positive aspects of people's nature.

answer

Humanistic

question

Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) were developed in the:

answer

1950s

question

Which statement BEST expresses the relationship between psychoanalysis and psychodynamic therapy?

answer

Psychodynamic therapy is a contemporary version of psychoanalysis.

question

Which approach to psychological therapy is correctly defined?

answer

humanistic therapy — emphasizes positive growth

question

How does psychodynamic therapy differ from traditional psychoanalysis?

answer

Psychodynamic therapy is more narrowly focused, targeting specific, current problems.

question

Person-centered therapy is one type of _____ therapy.

answer

Humanistic

question

Roughly how many prison inmates in the United States suffer from mental health problems?

answer

3 million

question

Today, the usual length of stay in a psychiatric hospital is:

answer

Less than 1 month

question

Michelle is considering psychotherapy. She can expect to pay at least _____ for one 60-minute session.

answer

$80

question

Dr. Jarreau is a psychotherapist. Her goal is to develop clients' self-awareness. Dr. Jarreau is BEST described as a(n) _____ therapist.

answer

insight

question

Aaron Beck is to Albert Ellis as _____ therapy is to _____ therapy.

answer

cognitive; rational-emotive behavior

question

Chelsea's therapist uses active listening in an empathetic environment. Her therapist is MOST likely using _____ therapy.

answer

person-centered

question

Implanting an electrode that supplies a weak electrical current to specific brain areas is called _____. It is useful in the treatment of _____.

answer

deep brain stimulation; depression

question

The neurotransmitters affected by monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) do NOT include:

answer

endorphins

question

The token economy is a type of:

answer

behavior modification

question

How should a psychoanalyst handle a patient's transference?

answer

The therapist should encourage transference.

question

One example of a benzodiazepine is:

answer

Valium

question

Behavior therapy is a type of _____ therapy that _____.

answer

psychological; uses learning principles

question

_____ and _____ therapies are both types of _____ therapy.

answer

Behavior; insight; psychological

question

About _____ of the population experiences major depression in any given year.

answer

7%

question

The therapist MOST closely associated with the humanistic movement is:

answer

Carl Rogers

question

According to the text, couples therapy is MOST helpful for couples who:

answer

are committed to saving their relationship

question

How does exposure differ from systematic desensitization?

answer

Exposure does not proceed through a hierarchy of anxiety-provoking stimuli; systematic desensitization does.

question

In person-centered therapy, the therapist:

answer

clarifies and reflects back the client's statements.

question

The aim of _____ therapy is to replace maladaptive behaviors by applying learning principles.

answer

Behavior

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