question

The modern concepts of revolution and terrorism can be first traced back to which important modern event?

answer

french revolution

question

Nihilism is in large part a belief that all institutions and values:

answer

are essentially meaningless

question

Some warn that too much centralized power to fight terrorism could lead to:

answer

a surveillance state

question

In which of the following ways does a coup d'état differ from a revolution?

answer

Elites are the agent of change

question

States most often engage in state-sponsored terrorism as a means of:

answer

influencing foreign policy

question

Political violence is defined as:

answer

violence outside of state control that is politically motivated

question

Guerrilla war can be defined as:

answer

the use of violence by nonstate actors who accept the traditional rules of war and target the state in order to achieve a political goal

question

Terrorism can be defined as:

answer

the use of violence by nonstate actors against civilians in order to achieve a political goal

question

In which of the following ways do institutional explanations of political violence differ from ideational explanations?

answer

They tend to be more particularistic

question

Studies of the relationship between economic conditions and terrorism find that:

answer

there is not a strong correlation between economic deprivation and terrorism

question

Individual-focused studies of terrorism, noting in part the emphasis on community and purity of cause, have drawn comparisons between terrorist groups and:

answer

religious cults

question

It has been argued that the 1979 Iranian Revolution and the 2011 Egyptian Revolution are examples of which model of revolution?

answer

relative deprivation model

question

Which of the following could be categorized as an individual explanation for political violence?

answer

humiliation

question

The statement \"one man's terrorist is another man's freedom fighter\":

answer

runs against a core purpose of political science, which is to define terms objectively

question

In the third phase of their evolution, such as in the work of Theda Skocpol, studies of revolutions have:

answer

shifted their emphasis from the public to the state

question

War crimes and human rights abuses can be defined as:

answer

the use of violence by states against civilians in order to achieve a political goal

question

Once considered relatively unusual, military rule became much more common over the past 50 years, particularly in:

answer

Africa and Latin America

question

A system wherein authoritarian regimes sanction a limited number of organizations to represent the public (and restrict unsanctioned ones) is known as:

answer

corporatism

question

Which of the following characteristics is an illiberal regime likely to have in common with a democratic one?

answer

The executive, legislature, and judiciary are established and have their respective arenas of authority

question

Communist countries are examples of which form of authoritarianism?

answer

one-party rule

question

Countries that appear to have many of the trappings of democracy but restrict the democratic process to a great degree are known as:

answer

illiberal or hybrid regimes

question

In which of the following ways does clientelism differ from corporatism?

answer

Clientelism relies on individual patronage rather than on large organizations

question

As a political system, totalitarianism is:

answer

rare

question

A nondemocratic regime in which holy texts or religious law form the foundation for its rule would be known as:

answer

a theocracy

question

When a system in which individuals outside an organization are brought into a beneficial relationship with it, making them dependent on the regime for certain rewards, it is known as:

answer

co-optation

question

Which of the following represents a challenge to the behavioral revolution's assertion about the relationship between nondemocratic rule and modernization?

answer

Modernization's disruptive process can lead to nondemocratic rule

question

Bureaucratic authoritarianism often justifies military rule by asserting that:

answer

only technocratic leadership can rise above \"irrational\" politics

question

Which of the following best characterizes the \"Asian values\" argument?

answer

Asia has cultural and religious traditions that encourage conformity and obedience, making it less receptive to democracy

question

Which of the following is among the characteristics that have led some to consider Russia to be a bureaucratic authoritarian regime?

answer

The head of government and top rulers came into their positions from the military or security services

question

Which of the following statements about populism is accurate?

answer

Populist movements are often led by a charismatic leader

question

Which term refers to a military seizure of the government?

answer

coup d'état

question

Which of the following is the best example of a country that could be described as a theocracy?

answer

Iran

question

What is the chief advantage that a categorization using \"developed,\" \"communist/postcommunist,\" and \"developing\" might have over the \"three worlds\" model?

answer

It allows for the possibility that a country might transform and take on a new designation.

question

In terms of political structure and public participation, in which of the following ways are the United States and France similar?

answer

They rely on some form of single-member-district plurality or majority to elect their legislatures.

question

The process by which states pool their sovereignty, surrendering some individual powers in exchange for some political, social, or economic benefits, is known as:

answer

integration

question

Which of the following is a core component of the European Union?

answer

the European Parliament

question

Which of the following best characterizes the role of freedom across developed democracies?

answer

There are significant differences in the definitions and applications of civil rights and liberties

question

Which of the following best describes the nature of integration as it has developed in the European Union?

answer

It grew to its present state through a series of incremental agreements negotiated over several decades, including as recently as the 2000s

question

Which of the following statements about European Union expansion in recent decades is accurate?

answer

Expansion has been accompanied by immigration westward and company relocation eastward.

question

The European Union was created as a response to the:

answer

destruction caused by World War II.

question

Which of the following statements about developed democracies is accurate?

answer

A relatively small agricultural sector is common among developed democracies.

question

An economy based primarily on the service sector is known as:

answer

postindustrial.

question

Germany, Canada, and the United States are comparable in ________ but very different in ________.

answer

level of economic development; their Gini index measure of inequality

question

Many now speak of the European Union as a body that has become:

answer

supranational.

question

Which of the following is the best-known example of the process of integration?

answer

the formation of the European Union

question

Which of the following is currently a major source of contention in the European Union?

answer

future membership for Turkey

question

In which of the following countries is increased multiculturalism most likely to be a source of explosive fear and negative reaction?

answer

France

question

Many suggest that developed democracies are undergoing significant social, political, and economic changes, becoming:

answer

postmodern.

question

The process by which powers are sent down to local levels of government is known as:

answer

devolution.

question

Which of the following describes a major contradiction faced by developed democracies in their attempts to maintain the welfare state?

answer

The problem could be mitigated by accepting more immigrants, but that creates a new problem because citizens are largely unwilling to extend benefits to immigrants.

question

Postindustrialism most threatens the economic security of:

answer

the less educated

question

During the Cold War, the developed democracies were commonly referred to by scholars as the:

answer

first world

question

Skepticism toward technological innovation characterizes ________ views.

answer

postmodern

question

Which of the following describes a likely characteristic of postindustrial societies?

answer

more devolution of economic power

question

Japan provides a uniquely extreme example of which of the following issues in the transition of developed democracies?

answer

population aging and homogeneity that threatens the welfare state

question

The viability of the welfare state is most challenged by:

answer

increasingly old populations

question

A small province in a large European country feels that its ethnic and cultural heritage differs substantially from that of the country to which it belongs. The executive petitions the central government to allow the province to gain control over the design and writing of textbooks that are administered in its schools, a power formally held by the central ministry of education. The request is granted. This process would be categorized as:

answer

devolution.

question

The \"cabinet\" of the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union is generally known as the:

answer

Politburo

question

The ________ is the name Marx chose for the system of economic production, including the level of technology (the \"means of production\").

answer

base

question

The term used to describe Marx's conception of historical change is:

answer

dialectical materialism

question

Under communism, ethnicity and nationalism were:

answer

suppressed

question

Which of the following statements about the privatization and marketization of countries transitioning from communism is accurate?

answer

Inflation and hyperinflation were fears of those that advocated a gradual approach to marketization

question

Which of the following represented the chief executive position in a communist country based on the Soviet model?

answer

general secretary

question

Politically sensitive or influential jobs in the state, reserved for people approved by the Communist Party as developed in the Soviet Union, are known as:

answer

nomenklatura.

question

Which of the following is an accurate description of some component of communist government in the Soviet Union?

answer

Some unions were allowed to operate outside of the state, though they were linked to the Communist Party.

question

The bourgeoisie are the:

answer

property-owning middle class

question

Postcommunist economic reform has been most successful in:

answer

Eastern Europe and the Baltics.

question

In which of the following ways has China's transition from the communist model differed from that of Russia?

answer

It has sought economic change with little or no political change.

question

One of the challenges in putting Marx's ideas into practice has been that:

answer

he left no specific outline for how communism would be built.

question

Which of the following statements about communism in China under Mao is accurate?

answer

Mao sought to destroy the power of the party-state in order to expand the Communist regime.

question

For most of his career, Marx generally argued that communist revolution was most likely in:

answer

countries where capitalism was most advanced

question

How did Marxist theory change the lives of women in most communist countries?

answer

Women were given greatly expanding workforce and educational opportunities.

question

Which of the following statements about religions and their contribution to new identities around the world is accurate?

answer

The Chinese government has tried to battle religious growth by promoting Confucian ideals and practices.

question

For Marxists, socialism represents:

answer

a transitional phase before communism

question

Which of the following statements about gender and LGBT rights and equality in former communist or eastern European countries is accurate?

answer

While some Central European states allow for same-sex partnerships, discrimination against the LGBT community has actually grown in Russia and Central Asia

question

The individual primarily associated with articulating the political theory of communism is:

answer

Karl Marx.

question

Which of the following has served as a major source of attraction for followers of communism?

answer

the promise of economic equality

question

In which of the following ways did Lenin's beliefs about communism differ from those of Marx?

answer

He argued that revolutions could take place in less advanced countries.

question

Marx's name for all human institutions, including religion, the state, politics, and gender, is the:

answer

superstructure.

question

How have current governments in Russia and China responded to growing nationalism in their countries?

answer

They have promoted nationalism as a means of maintaining legitimacy.

question

In which of the following ways do postcommunist success stories like Hungary, Poland, and the Czech Republic differ from countries with less successful records like Romania, Bulgaria, Croatia, and Serbia?

answer

They have a greater precommunist history of healthy civil society.

question

Gorbachev's perestroika was concerned with:

answer

institutional economic and political reforms

question

The untaxed, unregulated, and unprotected sector of the economy is known as the ________ economy.

answer

informal

question

Countries that are experiencing weak economic and political development are known as ________ countries.

answer

lower income

question

Countries that are experiencing rapid economic growth and democratization are generally known as ________ countries.

answer

middle income

question

Which of the following best describes modernization under imperialism in most colonial states?

answer

incomplete transition between Western and traditional institutions

question

Import substitution is most closely related to which of the following political-economic systems?

answer

mercantilism

question

Why might the commonality of authoritarian regimes in the developing world fail to suggest high levels of autonomy, even though on the surface it appears that this should be the case?

answer

These regimes often lose their independence through corruption to groups that exploit them as a resource.

question

The concept of a \"hothouse economy\" is associated with:

answer

import substitution.

question

Which of the following might be a Washington Consensus policy recommendation to a less developed country that would be opposed by a supporter of import substitution policy?

answer

reducing state power

question

A system wherein a state extends its power in order to directly control territory, resources, and people beyond its borders is known as:

answer

imperialism.

question

Which of the following best describes social identities in places under imperial control?

answer

Neither strong national nor strong, specific ethnic identities were present before imperialism.

question

Which postcolonial region currently suffers the lowest rankings on the Human Development Index?

answer

Africa

question

Policies supported by the IMF and World Bank to increase economic liberalization in less-developed countries are often referred to as the:

answer

Washington Consensus

question

Which of the following can be said about the effects of imperialism on gender roles?

answer

It is difficult to generalize about the effects on gender roles, but in many countries imperialism likely made gender roles more fixed.

question

Which of the following statements about the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals (MDG) program is accurate?

answer

Lack of proper, comprehensive data collection has left wide disagreement over whether or not the program has been a success.

question

One recent innovation to help alleviate poverty in poorer countries through small loans to small businesses is known as:

answer

microcredit.

question

The borders of most current African states were drawn by colonial powers according to:

answer

longitude and latitude

question

Many countries in Asia discarded import substitution and opted for a form of economic development after World War II known as:

answer

export-oriented industrialization

question

Which of the following was the initial, primary cause of lack of government capacity in postcolonial countries?

answer

the absence of a professional bureaucracy

question

A small country has applied for membership in an economic union. Before membership is granted, the ruling body of the union requires that the applicant state reduce its budget deficit to a specific percentage of GDP. This type of arrangement could be classified as:

answer

conditionality.

question

One of the major criticisms of microfinance or microcredit is that:

answer

the loans do not help grow businesses that can hire employees.

question

South Korea is among the Asian countries that pursued an export-oriented strategy known as:

answer

the product life cycle

question

Some observers of less-developed countries use the term ________ to describe the unequal economic relationship between those countries and advanced democracies in the modern postcolonial era.

answer

\"neocolonialism\"

question

Which of the following is a component of import substitution, an economic strategy followed by many developing countries in the post-World War II era?

answer

poor enforcement of intellectual property rights

question

In comparing the development of postcolonial countries, which of the following pairs of factors have shown strong correlation with each other?

answer

abundant natural resources and weak economic development

question

Organized life outside of the state that is often seen as critical to democracy and political stability is known as:

answer

civil society.

question

Which of the followings statements about the extent of globalization is accurate?

answer

In 2013, nearly a quarter of a billion people moved across international borders.

question

According to political scientists Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, what is the relationship between globalization and history?

answer

Globalization is \"thick\" compared to the international connections of the past.

question

Which of the following ultimately resulted from the establishment of the Bretton Woods system?

answer

establishment of the World Trade Organization

question

Which of the following statements about aspects of Bretton Woods and the Washington Consensus is accurate?

answer

A core goal of Bretton Wood was to help manage economic relations between countries, and the Washington Consensus advocated a reduction of states' control over the market.

question

According to the 2010-14 World Values Survey, ________ showed less mistrust of nationalities than ________.

answer

respondents over 50; respondents under 29

question

In which of the following ways does the study of societal globalization differ from that of political globalization?

answer

It focuses on the formation of civil society that stretches beyond borders.

question

Greenpeace is a good example of:

answer

a nongovernmental organization.

question

In his work The Economic Consequences of the Peace, the economist John Maynard Keynes describes a period that seems to have many similarities to the current state of globalization. Which of the following is that period?

answer

the period before World War I

question

One important impact of globalization on the study of politics is that:

answer

it blurs the lines between domestic politics and international relations.

question

Political globalization has the most potential to lead to:

answer

weakening state autonomy and capacity

question

Optimists believe that societal globalization, through a process of \"creative destruction,\" could lead to a form of:

answer

global cosmopolitanism

question

Rather than a universal process of economic deepening across the globe, much of what we think of as globalization is simply the:

answer

integration of China into the global market.

question

Call centers and data processing are examples of what is known as:

answer

offshore outsourcing

question

In what way is the Internet unlike a typical international regime?

answer

It has no norms that lead to a specific goal

question

In which of the following ways has sovereign authority reasserted itself over the last decade?

answer

censorship of Internet web sites by some states

question

Critics of globalization speak of the problem of a \"democratic deficit,\" meaning:

answer

the movement of power toward international organizations may reduce public representation and control.

question

Globalization is associated with the growing power of a host of nonstate or supra-state entities. What are the three major categories that these entities fall into?

answer

multinational corporations, nongovernmental organizations, intergovernmental organizations

question

In the process of historical globalization, the late nineteenth century saw the rise of the first:

answer

NGOs and IGOs.

question

In which of the following ways did the Bretton Woods system differ from the Washington Consensus?

answer

It placed less emphasis on the promotion of international trade

question

The experiences of the WTO in 1999 and 2008 suggest which of the following?

answer

an increase in antiglobalization activism

question

The liberalizing view of globalization suggests that it will be a:

answer

mechanism for future prosperity.

question

Which of the following best describes a major concern of those who believe globalization will be detrimental to social progress?

answer

Globalization will inspire a backlash against cultural exports that will reduce the capacity of MNCs to operate globally.

question

What aspect of globalization first came into being in the late nineteenth century?

answer

the first NGOs and IGOs

question

Which of the following statements about the growth (or lack of growth) of globalization is accurate?

answer

Despite predictions to the contrary, global inequality has remained steady or grown slightly over the last three decades.

question

In which of the following ways are the new violent international actors empowered by globalization similar to IGOs and MNCs, and in which way are they dissimilar?

answer

similar in that they are decentralized; dissimilar in that they hold territory

question

Comparative politics

answer

is the study and comparison of domestic politics across countries

question

international relations

answer

examines relations between countries.

question

Power

answer

is the ability to influence others or impose one's will on them.

question

Comparative method

answer

is a way to make comparisons and draw conclusions across case studies

question

inductive reasoning

answer

using case studies to generate a hypothesis

question

deductive reasoning

answer

research that works from a hypothesis and tests this with data

question

multicausality

answer

when variables interconnect and interact to produce particular outcome

question

selection bias

answer

focusing on an area because of the convenience of travel or knowledge of its language and not others

question

endogeneity

answer

the difficulty in separating causes and effects

question

modernization theory

answer

as societies developed they would become capitalist democracies, converging around a set of shared values and characteristics

question

behavioral revolution

answer

the subject of investigation shifted away from political institutions toward individual political behavior

question

Legitimacy

answer

defined as the idea that something or someone is recognized by the public as right and proper—grants states the authority and power to act.

question

traditional legitimacy

answer

built on history and continuity

question

charismatic legitimacy

answer

built on a foundation of highly institutionalized laws

question

federalism

answer

where significant powers reside in regional or local authorities

question

asymmetric federalism

answer

has an uneven distribution of power

question

unitary states

answer

holds most of their power in a central government

question

devolution

answer

the \"pushing down\" of power. From federal government to the state or from the state to the city

question

capacity

answer

its ability to wield power to carry out policies or actions

question

autonomy

answer

its ability to wield that power without having to consult the public or another outside body

question

ethnicity

answer

a set of institutions that bind people together through a common culture

question

national identity

answer

a set of institutions that bind people with political aspirations

question

political ideologies

answer

are values help by individuals on the fundamental goals of politics

question

radicals

answer

argue for dramatic, sometimes revolutionary change of the current political and economic order

question

liberals

answer

also argue for change, but, unlike radicals they believe change can come within existing political structures -favor free markets (the principle of laissez-faire) and strong protections of for private property

question

conservatives

answer

do not see change as necessary and argue that the current systems and structures are working

question

reactionaries

answer

seek to restore current political and economic structures to previously established ways. While their goals differ, the approaches of radicals and reactionaries are often similar

question

liberalism

answer

holds that politics should seek to achieve the highest level of freedom for all people -emphasizes individual freedoms over collective equality and the power of markets over the state

question

communism

answer

seeks to achieve equality through state control of economic resources

question

social democracy or socialism

answer

hopes to achieve economic equality, but strives to do so through private ownership and market forces -emphasizes capitalism; however argue that markets should be checked by the state and that the state should provide more public goods

question

fascism

answer

rejects freedom and equality, arguing instead for hierarchal divisions between people

question

anarchy

answer

rejects the notion of government altogether

question

fundamentalism

answer

is an ideology that seek to unite religion with the state

question

political economy

answer

the study of how the relationship between politics and economics shapes the balance of freedom and equality

question

neocorporatism

answer

a economic model that is followed by some social democracies that allows a limited number of business, labor and other social groups to work with the state

question

mercantilism

answer

focuses economic growth to increase the power of the state

question

parastatals

answer

partial state ownership of specific industries

question

Gini index

answer

a mathematical formula that measures inequality and poverty

question

human development index

answer

measures the overall well-being of a country's people

question

economic liberalization

answer

cutting taxes, reducing regulation, privatizing state-owned businesses and public goods and expanding property rights

question

liberal democracy

answer

a political power exercised either directly or indirectly through participation, competition and liberty

question

republicanism and separation of powers (Roman empire)

answer

representation of the public through elected officials and power sharing between institutions

question

bicameral or unicameral

answer

legislatures with two branches or a single branch

question

constituencies

answer

electoral boundaries

question

single-member district (SMD)

answer

each constituency is allocated one seat in the legislature and the candidate or party who wins the most votes in that district wins the seat

question

proportional representation (PR)

answer

use multimember districts (MMD) and seats in the legislature are allocated according to the proportion of votes the party receives

question

mixed electoral system

answer

a mix of PR and SMD to try and balance the benefits and tradeoffs of these two systems

question

referendum

answer

where a policy is place on the ballot and voted on by the people

question

initiative

answer

where the people gather signatures in order to place a policy on the ballot for a vote

question

nondemocratic regimes (authoritarianism)

answer

are those controlled by a small group of individuals who exercise power over the state without being constitutionally responsible to the public

question

totalitarianism

answer

is a form of non democratic rule involving a highly centralized state with a strong ideology that seeks to transform and fuse the institutions of the state, society, and economy

question

populism

answer

an anti-institutional ideology. It does not guarantee an antidemocratic outcome, but it can destabilize democratic practices and provide a foundation for antidemocratic leaders to come to power

question

coercion

answer

compelling individuals by threatening harm to their life or livelihood

question

surveillance

answer

watching the population and punishing those who criticize the state

question

co-optation

answer

bringing outsiders into a beneficial relationship with the regime

question

corporatism

answer

the state controls and approaches all social and economic institutions

question

clientelism

answer

the state provides favors to people who offer support

question

patrimonialism

answer

the leader, in return for obedience, provides benefits to a small group of supporters

question

coup d' état (military rule)

answer

wrests the power of the government and usually restricts civil liveries and bans political parties

question

bureaucratic authoritarianism

answer

a regime that asserts that a technocratic leadership forced on objective, rational and technical expertise can solve the problems of a country without public participation

question

one-party rule

answer

is the situation in which one party monopolizes over with other parties banned or excluded from power

question

theocracies

answer

meaning that faith is the foundation the political regime and affects nearly all political decisions and institutions

question

illiberal or hydrid regimes

answer

are those that contain institutions that seem democratic by are not respected or seen by the people as legitimate or effective

question

politcal violence

answer

is violence outside of state control and is politically motivated

question

ideational

answer

explanations focus on the effect of political, religious ideas in causing political violence

question

relative deprivation model

answer

argued that revolution occurred when there was a gap between public expectations and actual conditions in a country

question

state-sponsored terrorism

answer

occurs when a state directly supports terrorism and as an instrument of foreign policy

question

guerrilla war

answer

involves violence by non state actors targeting the state

question

developed democracies (first world)

answer

are countries with institutional democracy and a high level of economic development and prosperity

question

modern

answer

that is, secular, technological, bureaucratic, rational, materialistic and placing greater emphasis on individual freedom than on collective equality

question

postmodern

answer

culture that emphasizes \"quality of life\" considerations over material gain

question

integration

answer

blurring the lines between countries by creating common policies, rules and tighter connections

question

European union (EU)

answer

found in the aftermath of WW2 was the first intergovernmental system -today it includes 28 members

question

supranational system

answer

a system where sovereign powers are shared among the members and held by EU institutions over the member states themselves

question

postindustrialism

answer

economies based, not on the manufacture of tangible goods, but rather on the service sector (finance, real estate, education and health care)

question

base

answer

the economic system of society, made up of technology and class relations between people

question

superstructure

answer

institutions like religion, culture and national identity

question

dialectical materialism

answer

Marc believed that human history moved through a series of phases and that economic conflict lead to revolutions that would move the world from feudalism though capitalist democracy and ultimately a communist utopia

question

bourgeoisie

answer

the property owning class

question

proletariat

answer

working class

question

vanguard of the proletariat

answer

a small revolutionary movement that would seize power on behalf of the people

question

nomenklatura

answer

positions given by the government to people in exchange for loyalty to the party

question

politburo

answer

the cabinet

question

central committee

answer

the legislature

question

part-state

answer

is a system in which power flows directly from the ruling political party to the state, bypassing government structures

question

central planning

answer

where the state bureaucracy controlled the type and amount of goods produced

question

glasnost

answer

openness to public debate

question

perestroika

answer

actual institutional reform

question

middle-income

answer

newly industrializing countries (NICs) have shown swift economic development, social stability and greater democratization

question

lower-income

answer

less-developed countries (LDCs) display weak economic growth and political and social instability

question

imperialism

answer

is the system whereby a state extends its power to directly control terrify, resources and people beyond its borders

question

colonialism

answer

involves greater degree of physical occupation of a territory by settlers of the military

question

neocolonialism

answer

economically, newly industrializing and less-developed countries were still depended upon their former empires

question

import substitution

answer

restricting imports in favor of locally produced goods, a policy that had little success and was criticized as prone to corruption

question

export-oriented industrialization

answer

focuses on producing good that could be exported

question

structural adjustment programs (Washington Consensus)

answer

dictated by the World Bank and IMF. Policies required the privatization of industries, shifts toward more open markets, and more encouragement of foreign investment; -these reforms have been controversial and theirs results have been mixed

question

informal economy

answer

it is not regulated or taxed by the state

question

microcredit

answer

providing small loans to local people to allow them to start businesses

question

microfinance

answer

a broader spectrum of services, including credit, savings, insurance and financial transfers

question

globalization

answer

the process of expanding and intensifying linkages among states, societies, and economies

question

multinational corporations (MNCs)

answer

are firms that produce and market goods in more than one country

question

nongovernmental organizations (NGOs)

answer

are national and international groups, apart from any state, that focus on specific policy goals

question

intergovernmental organizations (IGOs)

answer

include groups like the United Nations and the EU and are created by states to focus on certain policies

question

international regime

answer

defined as the fundamental rules and norms of politics, which make up a set of institutions that empower and contain states and governments

question

bretton woods system

answer

a post war economic regime (associated with the Washington Census) created to expand economic relations and promote trade liberalization 3 important institutions emerged: -international monetary fund (IMF) -general agreements on tariffs and trade (GATT) -which was later replaced by the world trade organization (WTO)

question

foreign direct investment

answer

the purchase of assets in a country by a foreign firm

question

offshore outsourcing

answer

the process by which a firm moves its work to a secondary business in order to lower costs or increase production

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