Pre-AP World History; Hinduism VS Buddhism Essay Prompts – Flashcards

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Syncretism (Hinduism)
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- Caste System - Buddha was identified as one of the 10 reincarnations of Vishnu by some Hindus, others viewed him as a holy man -Hinduism grew more and more personal as it developed into a religion and appealed to the masses as a result of the popularity of Buddhism~ Focused on Brahman, spirit of everything, and devotion
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Syncretism (Buddhism)
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- NO Caste System - Buddhist teachings stem from Hinduism (Karma, Reincarnation) -Upanishads also helped create Buddhism - Therevada School; stricter interpretation of Buddha's teachings, with emphasis on self-sacrifice and meditation, elites - Mahayana School; "The Greater Vehicle", emphasizes devotion, more focused on the masses reaching salvation, Buddha as a God - Changed from a religion that emphasized individual discipline to a mass religion that offered salvation to all and popular worship
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Syncretism Overarching Similarity and Difference
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S = Both religions influenced each other (Buddha, Karma, Reincarnation, Upanishads) D = Buddhism became a mass religion and Hinduism evolved to become an individual religion
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Belief (Hinduism)
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- Brahman (The World Soul); Brahma (The Creator), Vishnu (The Protector), and Shiva (The Destroyer) - Moksha- perfect understanding - Dharma- duty -Reincarnation - Veda, Agamas, Upanishads, and Bhagavad Gita - Multiple Gods - Cyclical History- Samsara - Good Karma = upper-caste male (Brahmin, Warrior, or Merchant) - Bad Karma = female, laborer, or untouchable
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Belief (Buddhism)
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- Buddha/The Enlightened One - Nirvana- "like blowing out a candle" - Dharma- duty - Reincarnation - Four Noble Truths; 1. Everything in life is suffering and sorrow 2. Suffering is caused by selfishness 3. To end suffering, you must end desires 4. Follow the 8-Fold Path/ The Middle way; Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness, and Right Concentration - 3 Jewels of Buddhism; ~Religious Community ~The Buddha ~The Dharma - Rejected Multiple Gods - Cyclical History
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Belief Overarching Similarity and Difference
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S = Reincarnation D = Buddhism rejected multiple gods, unlike Hinduism
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Spread (Hinduism)
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-Trade
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Spread (Buddhism)
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- Most wide-spread religion of East Asia - Trade - Missionaries in Asia - No foothold in India -Spread in India during reign of Asoka
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Spread Overarching Similarity and Difference
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S = Both spread through trade D = Buddhism spread further than Hinduism
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Founder/Origin (Hinduism)
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- Cannot be traced back to one founder with a single set of ideas - Indian Subcontinent -Began between 750 and 550 B.C. when priests tried to interpret the Vedas
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Founder/Origin (Buddhism)
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- Siddhartha Gautama/ Buddha (The Enlightened One) - Promoted by Asoka (Chandragupta Maurya's grandson)
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Founder/Origin Overarching Similarity and Difference
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S = Both came from Northern India D = Buddhism has a definite founder, unlike Hinduism
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