Question 1

A type of transport protein found in the plasma membrane of cells lining the inside of the intestine allows sodium ions to diffuse down their concentration gradient. The ions move through the transport protein, and into the cell. These transport proteins will use the kinetic energy of the diffusing sodium ions to bring glucose into the cells as well. Which of the following would stop transport of glucose through this transport protein?

Accepted Answer

Stopping the activity of the sodium potassium pump

Question 2

Introns represent a genome scrap yard that provides DNA segments for genome evolution and a variety of small RNA molecules. T/F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 3

Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the intracellular chemical signals known as \"second messengers\"?

Accepted Answer

Calcium AMP and calcium may be second messengers

Question 4

Microfilaments are thin strands of the contractile protein composed of myosin. T/F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 5

Lipid rafts, found in the cell outer membrane surface, are concentrating platforms for certain receptor molecules or for protein molecules needed for cell signaling.. T/F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 6

Which of the following correctly states the functions of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

Synthesis of cells membranes

Question 7

Which of the following would NOT diffuse through the plasma membrane by means of simple diffusion?

Accepted Answer

Glucose

Question 8

Crenation (shrinking) is likely to occur in blood cells immersed in ________.

Accepted Answer

a hypertonic solution

Question 9

Which of the following molecules might change over time in a cancer cell?

Accepted Answer

All of the above: membrane glycolipids,membrane glycoproteins, glycocalyx sugars

Question 10

The movement of water across the plasma membrane can be described by all of the following EXCEPT ________.

Accepted Answer

carrier-mediated facilitated diffusion

Question 11

In which stage of mitosis do the identical sets of chromosomes uncoil and resume their chromatin form?

Accepted Answer

telophase

Question 12

Your patient has a respiratory disease that has literally paralyzed the cilia. Why would this patient be at an increased risk for a respiratory infection?

Accepted Answer

If cilia are paralyzed then mucus-containing particles, including bacteria, will remain in the lungs and may cause a respiratory infection.

Question 13

How do unsaturated phospholipid fatty acid tails affect plasma membrane fluidity?

Accepted Answer

More unsaturated fatty acids means less tightly packed phospholipids, resulting in greater membrane fluidity.

Question 14

In a tissue type that undergoes a relatively great deal of mechanical stress, like the tissue that lines the intestine, you would expect to see an abundance of ________ between the individual cells of the tissue.

Accepted Answer

desmosomes

Question 15

Mitochondria ________.

Accepted Answer

contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function

Question 16

Prophase has a series of checkpoints that determine whether a cell will undergo all stages of mitosis. T/F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 17

The phase of the cell life cycle in which the cell grows and carries on its usual activities, has a series of checkpoints that determine whether the cell will undergo mitosis.

Accepted Answer

Interphase

Question 18

What are the two basic steps of polypeptide synthesis?

Accepted Answer

transcription and translation

Question 19

DNA\'s information is encoded into mRNA

Accepted Answer

transcription

Question 20

the information carried by the mRNA is decoded and used to assemble polypeptides

Accepted Answer

translation

Question 21

If active transport establishes a concentration gradient with the use of ATP, then the concentration gradient can be looked at as ________.

Accepted Answer

potential energy that can be harnessed when molecules passively diffuse down the concentration gradient

Question 22

Which of the following factors act to bind cells together?

Accepted Answer

specialized junctions, wavy membrane contours, and glycoproteins

Question 23

Which of the following is NOT a function of lysosomes?  A. degrading worn-out or nonfunctional organelles B. digesting particles taken in by endocytosis C. help in the formation of cell membranes D. breaking down bone to release calcium ions into the blood

Accepted Answer

C

Question 24

Which of the following is LEAST like the other three? A. interstitial fluid B. cytoplasm C. plasma D.cerebrospinal fluid

Accepted Answer

B

Question 25

Myocardium (cardiac muscle tissue) must rhythmically contract for a lifetime. This requires a considerable amount of energy production by the cells. You would expect to see a relatively high amount of which organelle in these cells?  A. lysosomes B.mitochondria C.cytoskeleton D.smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Accepted Answer

B. mitochondria

Question 26

Assume that Na+ is being transported across a membrane via facilitated diffusion. Which of the following conditions would allow for the most transport of Na+ across that membrane?  A. a gradient of more than 50% difference between sides for the Na+ and Na+ diffusing toward K+ B. a gradient of less than 5% difference between sides for the Na+ and Na+ diffusing toward K+ C. a gradient of less than 5% difference between sides for the Na+ and Na+ diffusing toward Clâ D. a gradient of more than 50% difference between sides for the Na+ and Na+ diffusing toward Clâ

Accepted Answer

D

Question 27

A cell engulfing a relatively large particle will likely utilize ________.

Accepted Answer

phagocytosis

Question 28

As you look under a microscope you see a nucleus with a large density of nucleolus. What inference can you make about that cell?

Accepted Answer

The cell is producing a large amount of proteins

Question 29

If a cell is non-selectively engulfing samples of extracellular fluid, for example to absorb nutrients, it will likely utilize ________.

Accepted Answer

pinocytosis

Question 30

Interstitial fluid represents one type of extracellular material. T/F

Accepted Answer

True

Question 31

Which of the following is a difference between primary and secondary active transport?  A. In primary active transport, the transport protein gets phosphorylated; in secondary active transport, the transport protein is not phosphorylated. B. Primary active transport is used to transport sugars and amino acids across the plasma membrane, while secondary active transport includes the sodium-potassium pump. C. Energy is required for primary active transport, but energy is not required for secondary active transport. D. Primary active transport is driven by secondary active transport.

Accepted Answer

A

Question 32

Which of the following processes allows cells to concentrate material that is present only in very small amounts in the extracellular fluid?  A. receptor-mediated endocytosis B. pinocytosis C.phagocytosis D. transcytosis

Accepted Answer

A

Question 33

Peroxisomes ________.

Accepted Answer

are able to detoxify substances by enzymic action

Question 34

Phospholipids provide the specific functions of the plasma membrane. T/F

Accepted Answer

False

Question 35

Which of the following is a component of the plasma membrane that creates a chemical barrier between the inside and the outside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

phospholipids

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