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A(n) ______ program is a social program whose beneficiaries qualify by demonstrating need.

answer

means-tested

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A federal program that guarantees benefits to qualified recipients is a(n) ______ program.

answer

entitlement

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U.S. public opinion polls on the American health care system show that a majority of people

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are dissatisfied with the quality of health care.

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The federal government's insurance program for the elderly and disabled is called

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Medicare

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Fiscal policy refers to

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the government's use of taxing and spending powers to regulate the economy.

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The income level below which a family is considered to be poor is the

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poverty threshold.

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People don't usually think of subsidies for homeowners as a social welfare policy because

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they generally think of social welfare policies as helping only the poor, when it reality it can also help the middle class.

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An example of a distributive policy is

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farm subsidies.

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Public policy can be defined as a(n)

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government plan of action to solve a social problem that people share collectively or that they cannot solve on their own.

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The use of interest rates to control the money supply in order to regulate the economy is known as ______ policy.

answer

monetary

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Crisis policy, strategic policy, and structural defense policy are

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the three major types of foreign policy.

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Social insurance programs refer to

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government programs that offers benefits in exchange for contributions.

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Foreign policy that lays out a country's basic stance toward another country or a particular problem is

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strategic policy.

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According to the text, distributive policies are popular because

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their costs are not noticed because they are spread among all taxpayers, but their benefits go to a specific group who knows they are benefitting.

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The Cold War policy of the United States seeking to prevent the spread of communism is known as

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containment.

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The Cold War refers to

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the half-century of tension between the Soviet Union and the United States following World War II.

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The president's inner circle of foreign policy advisers that includes such people as the secretaries of state and defense and the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff is the

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National Security Council.

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The State Department is the executive department charged with managing

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foreign affairs.

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A major weakness of monetary policy as a way to affect the economy is that

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it is hard to control because small changes can have large effects.

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Concerning declarations of war,

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the War Powers Act states who has the power to declare war in certain situations.

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Government agencies have their largest role in policy

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implementation.

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Most social welfare policies are

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redistributive policies.

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Critics of President Bush's proposal to create private Social Security accounts argue that such accounts would

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potentially end Social Security as a guarantor of a secure retirement.

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The Great Depression had a significant impact on American public policy because

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for the first time people began to view poverty as a problem requiring government action and expected the government to do something about it.

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The relationship between the president and Congress in foreign policy has become a struggle because

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both have constitutional powers in this area.

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While the web provides people with enormous amounts of information,

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it is difficult to sort and evaluate the available information.

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One advantage of the Internet is that

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it is interactive to a degree that far surpasses talk radio or television.

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The tendency of public officials, journalists, and lobbyists to move between public and private sector jobs is known as

answer

the revolving door.

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When the media bring a news issue to the public's attention, thereby telling the public that this issue is important, the media engage in

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agenda setting.

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One of the problems in selecting the Internet as an alternative to the mainstream corporate media is that

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it takes time and effort to find out which sources are accurate and trustworthy.

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Yellow journalism refers to

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the effort to lure audiences by reporting on sensational topics.

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The tendency of the media to make coverage and programming decisions based on what will attract a large audience and maximize profits is known as

answer

commercial bias.

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The Federal Communications Act was passed because

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government regulation was needed to manage competition for scarce airwaves.

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The impact of the deregulation of broadcast journalism by the 1996 Telecommunications Act has been to

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increase the possibilities for media monopoly.

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The ______ required that stations give free airtime to issues that concerned the public and to opposing sides when controversial issues were covered.

answer

fairness doctrine

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News magazines like Time or Newsweek can offer more comprehensive news coverage than newspapers because they

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do not have to meet a daily deadline.

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According to the text, covering which of the following would be an example of commercial bias?

answer

The Michael Jackson trial

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______ is the power to determine which news stories are covered and which are not.

answer

Gatekeeping

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The most basic consequence of the concentrated corporate ownership of the news is

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commercial bias.

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Today, a majority of Americans believe that the media

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are biased.

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Most of the news that Americans read on a daily basis comes from only a few sources because most newspapers

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subscribe to one of the major wire services.

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In engaging in agenda setting, priming, and framing, the news media are

answer

telling the public what to think about.

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Excessive press coverage of an embarrassing or scandalous subject is called

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feeding frenzy.

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According to some scholars, broadcast news has

answer

led to a reduction in political accountability.

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The current trend for "everyday citizens" to report on news items and then communicate their stories to the public through blogs or social media sites is called ______ journalism.

answer

citizen

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The invention of the radio was important for politics, because

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politicians could now speak directly to the public without having their ideas filtered through the media.

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What was the impact on newspapers of larger circulations and increased revenue from advertising?

answer

An end to the partisan press

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______ is an example of infotainment.

answer

Showing a police chase

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The corporate nature of the American media has caused

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advertisers to dictate the content of the news.

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A presidential speechwriter who then took a job as a syndicated columnist and later returned as a domestic policy advisor to a member of Congress would illustrate

answer

the revolving door.

POLS1101-FINAL

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