POL 101 Ch 5 – We The People
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The study discussed in this clip found that political attitudes (or opinions) are misguided due to
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personal perceptions becoming reality.
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The researchers concluded that people reject facts because
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it can be perceived as threatening.
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What concept from the chapter best accounts for why some people reject new information that contradicts their established opinion?
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political socialization
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Which group was presented with facts that refuted the presence of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) in Iraq and then reacted by believing more firmly that there were present?
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conservatives
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What important discovery was made about delivering facts that could impact opinions?
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People need to feel good before accepting new information.
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What percentage of Americans earning more than $75,000 said there are \"strong\" or \"very strong\" conflicts between rich and poor?
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67 percent
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Looking at the entire set of results, one can conclude
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income inequality is a concern for most Americans.
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What was the difference in percentage of Americans earning less than $20,000 and those earning more than $75,000 who said there are \"strong\" or \"very strong\" conflicts between rich and poor?
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3 percent
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Which two groups had the lowest percentages of Americans who believed there are \"strong\" or \"very strong\" conflicts between rich and poor?
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conservative Republicans
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Which two groups had the highest percentages of Americans who believed there are \"strong\" or \"very strong\" conflicts between rich and poor?
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liberal Democrats
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Pollsters usually obtain 100 percent confidence in their results.
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False
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What kind of sample includes all relevant demographics for the population that is polled?
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Stratified
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___________ is credited with coining the phrase \"wall of separation between church and state.\"
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Thomas Jefferson
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Which of the following describes the philosophy of many of the founders of the American republic?
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They were influenced by their experience in Europe and understood that religious persecution drove many settlers to America.
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In Engel v. Vitale (1962), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that
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voluntary, nondenominational school prayer is unconstitutional.
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All other things being equal,
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conservatives have an advantage in presidential elections and moderates determine the outcome of presidential elections.
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The fact that more Americans identify themselves as conservatives than as liberals
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suggests that moderates play an important role in deciding the outcome of federal elections.
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What can be deduced by the percentage of Americans who identify themselves as moderates?
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Americans tend not to be overly ideological.
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In 2012, about _____ percent of Americans identified themselves as __________.
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23; liberals
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A push poll might include a question with the following wording:
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Do you think it was appropriate for President Bush to lie to start a war with Iraq?
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A key requirement of an effective ____ is that it is representative.
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public-opinion sample
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As opposed to a value or belief, an attitude represents
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a person's specific preference on a particular issue.
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Big government is ____________ considered a core U.S. value.
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not
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Selection bias occurs when a sample ____ some opinions.
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overrepresents or underrepresents
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Equality of opportunity is a
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basic political value held by most Americans.
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Which of the following is true of political polarization in the United States?
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Party polarization may actually reduce levels of political knowledge.
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Which of the following is true of the effect of political party membership or loyalty on political orientation?
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Partisans tend to rely on party leaders and the media for cues on the appropriate positions to take on major political issues.
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How did the media affect the Bush Administration's decision to go to war in Iraq in 2003?
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It helped to increase the public popularity of the preparations for war.
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In contemporary politics being liberal has come to imply supporting
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social reform.
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Which of the following is one of the two major ways that low levels of political knowledge can shape American democracy?
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Political power can more easily be manipulated by political elites, the media, and wealthy special interests.
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If you prefer smaller government, you are probably a
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conservative.
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Political and voting differences between men and women are known as the ____ gap.
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gender
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Which of the following best describes the characteristics of a \"scientific\" poll?
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representative sample from a sufficiently large population with no selection bias
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Political socialization is the process through which
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political beliefs and values are formed.
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The bandwagon effect has been particularly problematic in
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the presidential nomination process.
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When a pollster asks a loaded question to shape a respondent's opinion, it is known as a
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push poll.
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The most important agent of socialization early in life is
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family.
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What argument does Nicholas Carr make in his best-selling book on the Internet's effect on political knowledge and participation?
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The Internet reduces depth of thought and analysis regarding political knowledge.
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Until recently, the classification of \"moderate\" would have applied to
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most Americans.
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What is the state of political knowledge among Americans?
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low
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The size of the overall population under study is ____ in determining the reliability of a poll.
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not important
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What kinds of questions are particularly problematic in relation to the social desirability effect?
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questions about race or gender
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Which of the following views would a conservative be more likely to hold than a liberal?
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concern about law and order
